RESUMO
Background: Unani concept of therapeutic interchange, despite having immense practical aspect, has notbeen touched upon in a coherent way by most of the Unani scholars except Razi (Rhazes 865e925 AD),who took the concept plausibly and framed rules for alternate drug prescription at the time ofunavailability of the drugs of choice.Objective: The Unani concept of therapeutic interchange is based on similarity in action, temperamentand physical properties of drugs mainly botanicals, which are already established and need no furtherdiscussion; however, phytochemistry has not been considered a basis for substitution. Therefore,objective of this study was evaluation of the concept on phytochemical parameters as actions of mostdrugs are due to phytoconstituents.Material and methods: Classical Unani literature pertaining to therapeutic interchange and ethnobotanical literature for uses and phytoconstituents of three botanicals and their respective substitutes werereviewed. Ethnobotanical literature was collected from well known search engine viz., PubMed, GoogleScholar, Scopus and Science direct. In view of exploring the concept on scientific basis, physicochemical,phytochemical and analytical (HPLC, GCeMS) studies were also conducted.Results: The study exhibited similarity in phytoconstituents in main and substitute botanicals withinsignificant differences. Direct relation between doses, actions, intensity of actions, temperament andchemical constituents of main and substitute botanicals was observed.Conclusion: The study, however, seemed to validate the concept on the basis of phytoconstituents, furtherpharmacological studies on the basis of properties and activities is required to strengthen the concept
RESUMO
Objective: To validate the therapeutic interchange system at healthcare institutions as new initiatives in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is a new initiative project drove by national therapeutic interchange system programs. The projects drove the therapeutic interchange system guidelines and the international business model, pharmacy project guidelines project management institution guidelines of a new project. The initiative project is written through project management professionals and contained of several parts, including the initial phase, the planning phase, the execution phase and the monitoring and controlling phase. Results: The therapeutic interchange services with a defined vision, mission and goals. The services had various aids, including clinical and economical, on patients and the healthcare system, as exemplified in the assessment. The continuation was of the project assured by the risk management model description. Besides, the monitoring and controlling of the services as declared. The transition to operation project, though closing the project stage, explored in the analysis. Conclusion: The therapeutic interchange system is a new initiative, part of the formulary management. There are various therapeutic interchange system classes of medications can be started though antibiotics, gastrointestinal medications and anti-psychiatric medications; it is highly recommended to implement in Saudi Arabia.