Artroplastia total bilateral de cadera / Bilateral Total Hip Arthroplasty

Introducción: La artroplastia total de cadera es uno de los procedimientos más exitosos del siglo veinte. Cuando se realizan de manera simultánea, presentan varios beneficios como son: menor costo, menor estadía hospitalaria, uso de una sola dosis de anestésico y retorno precoz a las actividades diarias. Objetivo: Presentar el primer caso de artroplastia total bilateral simultánea, realizado satisfactoriamente en el Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech en la provincia de Camagüey. Presentación del caso: Paciente femenina de 78 años de edad, color de piel blanca, con antecedentes de coxartrosis bilateral de cinco años de evolución con dolor moderado y crisis de dolor intenso a predominio de la cadera izquierda. Presentó además escoliosis antálgica. A la exploración física se constató limitación a la abducción de ambas caderas con predominio de la izquierda, con las maniobras de Patrick, Thomas y Trendelemburg positivas bilaterales. En la radiografía simple de pelvis ósea anteroposterior se observaron: disminución marcada del espacio articular, osteofitos marginales bilaterales y esclerosis subcondral marcada. Se decidió realizar una artrolplastia total bilateral en un tiempo quirúrgico, una vez evaluadas las condiciones clínicas de la paciente y su consentimiento. Se utilizó el sistema Surgival no cementado. Conclusiones: La artoplastia total de cadera se presenta como un procedimiento factible, que proporciona numerosas ventajas, y aunque no está exento de complicaciones, estas no representan un riesgo sobreañadido, siempre y cuando se seleccionen los pacientes de manera adecuada. El caso presentado, evolucionó de manera satisfactoria tras dos años de realizada la cirugía(AU)

Introduction: Total hip replacement is one of the most successful procedures of the twentieth century. When performed simultaneously, it poses several benefits such as lower cost, shorter hospital stay, use of a single dose of anesthetic and early return to daily activities. Objective: To report the first case of simultaneous bilateral total arthroplasty, successfully performed at Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital in Camagüey province. Case report: This is a case of a 78-year-old female patient, white skin color, with a five-year history of bilateral coxarthrosis, moderate pain and crisis of intense pain mainly in the left hip. She also had antalgic scoliosis. The physical examination revealed abduction limitation of both hips mainly on the left, with positive bilateral Patrick, Thomas and Trendelenburg maneuvers. In the plain anteroposterior bone pelvis radiograph marked decrease in joint space, bilateral marginal osteophytes, and marked subchondral sclerosis were observed. It was decided to perform a bilateral total arthroplasty in a surgical time, once the clinical conditions of the patient and her consent had been evaluated. The uncemented Surgival system was used. Conclusions: Total hip replacement represents a feasible procedure, which provides numerous advantages, and although it is not exempt from complications, these do not signify added risks, as long as the patients are properly selected. The case reported here evolved satisfactorily after two years of surgery(AU)

Artroplastía total de codo en un paciente adulto mayor como opción terapéutica para el manejo de seudoartrosis en fractura de húmero distal / Total elbow arthroplasty in an older adult patient, as a therapeutic option for the management of pseudoarthrosis in distal humerus fracture

Resumen: Introducción: Las fracturas de húmero distal en el adulto mayor constituyen un desafío terapéutico para ortopedistas, debido a las condiciones fisiológicas y los cambios óseos propios de esta edad. Reporte de caso: Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 80 años con osteopenia, quien sufrió una caída de su propia altura con fractura de húmero distal derecho, inicialmente se le dio manejo conservador, pero debido al desarrollo de seudoartrosis, se decidió hacer una artroplastía total de codo, con buenos resultados funcionales en el seguimiento postoperatorio a cuatro años. Discusión: En las fracturas de húmero distal, el manejo no quirúrgico es una opción en pacientes con baja demanda funcional o que tengan un mal estado general, y si no es el caso o fracasa el manejo conservador, deben ser llevados a artroplastía total de codo, ya que ésta proporciona una rápida recuperación del paciente en comparación con la reducción abierta y el manejo con material de osteosíntesis.

Abstract: Introduction: Distal humeral fractures in the elderly patient are a therapeutic challenge for orthopaedists, because of age's characteristic physiological conditions and bone changes. Case report: We present the case of an 80-year-old woman with osteopenia, who had distal humeral fracture due to a fall from her own height; she was initially treated conservatively, but by the reason of a non-union, we decided to perform a total elbow arthroplasty, achieving a positive functional result in the four years of postoperative follow-up. Discussion: Nonsurgical management is an option for treat humeral fractures in patients with low functional demands or in poor general condition. If the patient does not present the conditions above, or if nonsurgical management fails, a total elbow arthroplasty must be performed, because this method provides a rapid recovering if compared to an open reduction and osteosynthesis material management.

A história natural da artroplastia de quadril e joelho no Hospital Abreu Sodré - AACD (2008-2009) / The natural history of total hip and knee replacement on Hospital Abreu Sodré - AACD (2008- 2009)

O perfil perioperatório dos pacientes submetidos à artroplastia é escasso na literatura. Em nosso estudo analisamos exclusivamente e de forma retrospectiva o período perioperatório em 323 pacientes que foram submetidos à artroplastia total de quadril e joelho em nossa instituição. Nosso estudo mostra que as comorbidades perioperatórias diminuíram substancialmente com menor risco de tromboembolismo, ausência imediata de infecção, menor tempo de hospitalização e diminuição na indicação para artroplastia total em pacientes com artrite reumatoide.

Consideraciones sobre el desgaste del polietileno en la artroplastia total de cadera / Considerations on polyethylene wear in jip total arthroplasty

INTRODUCCION: El desgaste del polietileno ha sido un problema desde la introducción de la artroplastia total de baja fricción y continua siéndolo en la actualidad en lo que influyen múltiples condiciones. OBJETIVO: Describir las consideraciones técnicas necesarias en la artroplastia total de cadera en aras de garantizar la mayor durabilidad de sus componentes. MÉTODOS: Se realiza una revisión de la literatura publicada al respecto tomándose en cuenta las variables que afectan el desgaste del polietileno así como las maniobras técnicas que pueden ser realizadas por el cirujano en aras de optimizar la durabilidad de los componentes protésicos. RESULTADOS: La inclinación de la cúpula mayor de 45º está directamente relacionada con el desgaste del polietileno. La restauración del centro de rotación de la cadera con el centro de rotación de la cúpula ha sido un importante objetivo en la técnica de cementación del acetábulo debido a reportes de su relación con el desgaste. La cobertura por el hueso es importante para evitar el pinzamiento del cuello de metal contra el polietileno o el anillo de metal de la cúpula. CONCLUSIÓN: El cirujano puede cambiar el centro de rotación del acetábulo para obtener una óptima inclinación y cobertura de forma segura sin que implique un incremento de la incidencia del efecto adverso de desgaste

INTRODUCTION: The polyethylene wear has been a problem from the introduction of low fraction total arthroplasty until nowadays where influencing many conditions. OBJECTIVE: To describe the technical conditions needed in the total hip arthroplasty to guarantee a greater durability of its components. METHODS: Literature published on this subject is reviewed taking into account the variables affecting the polyethylene wear as well as the possible technical manoeuvres carried out by surgeon to optimize the durability of prosthetic components. RESULTS: The 45º slope of major cupula is directly related to polyethylene wear. Restoration of the hip rotation center with the cupula rotation center has been a significant objective in acetabulum cementation due to reports of its relation to wear. The bone coverage is important to avoid the metal neck clamping against the polyethylene or the metal ring of cupula. CONCLUSION: The surgeon may to change the acetabulum rotation center to achieve an optimal and safe slope and coverage without an increase of incidence of wear adverse effect

Tratamiento de la infección de la artroplastia total de cadera / Treatment applied in total hip arthroplasty infection / Traitement des arthroplasties totales de hanche infestées

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, longitudinal, en el Complejo Científico Internacional "Frank País" en el período del 1ro, de octubre de 2003 al 31 de septiembre de 2005, con una muestra de 34 pacientes adultos con artroplastia total de cadera infectada tratadas por el Servicio de Séptico. El 44,2 por ciento perteneció al sexo femenino y el 55,8 por ciento al masculino. En el sexo masculino, el grupo de edad de 60 a 69 años, fue el de mayor número de casos con un 23,52 por ciento del total de pacientes. En el estadio II de Fitzgerald se incluyó el mayor número de pacientes (14 pacientes para un 41,16 por ciento). El agente bacteriano que con mayor frecuencia se aisló en el primer cultivo fue el Staphylococcus epidermidis en 11 pacientes. En ningún paciente se utilizó como método de tratamiento la administración exclusiva de antibióticos sin cirugía. La artroplastia de recambio (en dos tiempos) fue el método de tratamiento más utilizado y se aplicó a 14 pacientes (41,17 por ciento). A los seis meses de realizado el tratamiento combinado de desbridamiento amplio, administración de antibióticos por vía parenteral, uso de artroclisis y retención protésica, se observó buena evolución en 8 de los 13 pacientes y en 11 de los 14 tratados con artroplastia de recambio en dos tiempos, La complicación más frecuente fue el dolor residual, el que se presentó en 14 pacientes.

We made a longitudinal, prospective and descriptive study in "Frank País" International Scientific Center during October 1, 2003 to September 31, 2005 with a cohort of 34 adult patients presenting total arthroplasty of infected hip treated in Septic Service. The 44.2 percent was of female sex and the 55.8 percent of male one. In this latter, age group was of 60 to 69 years and was the greatest case figure with a 23.52 percent of patient total. In Fitzgerald II stage was included the greatest figure of patients (14 patients for a 41.16 percent). The more frequent bacterial agent was Staphylococcus epidermidis in 11 patients. In no patient we used the exclusive administration of antibiotics with surgery as treatment method. The turnover arthroplasty (in two steps) was the more used treatment method and we applied it in 14 patients (41.17 percent). At 6 months of combined treatment of wide debridement, the parenteral antibiotic administration, the use of arthrodesis and prosthetic retention, we noted a good course in 8 of the 13 patients treated with two steps-turnover arthroplasty. The more frequent complication was the residual pain, present in 14 patients.

Une étude descriptive, prospective et longitudinale d'un échantillon de 34 patients adultes atteints d'une infection de leur arthroplastie totale de hanche, et traités chirurgicalement au Service de chirurgie septique du Centre orthopédique international « Frank Pais ¼ a été réalisée entre le 1er octobre 2003 et le 31 septembre 2005. Les cas du sexe féminin et ceux du sexe masculin ont été respectivement 44,2 percent et 55,8 percent, étant la tranche d'âge de 60 à 69 ans la plus souvent touchée dans le sexe masculin (23,52 percent). Le plus grand nombre de patients (14 patients ; 41,16 percent) étaient en stade II de Fitzgerald. Dans les premières cultures, le germe majoritairement rencontré a été le Staphylococcus epidermidis (11 patients). L'antibiothérapie sans chirurgie n'a pas été le seul traitement utilisé. L'arthroplastie de remplacement (en deux temps) a été le traitement le plus souvent utilisé (14 patients ; 41,17 percent). Après six mois de traitement combiné de débridement, antibiothérapie par voie parentale, arthroclyse et prothèse, on a pu constater une bonne récupération chez 8 patients sur 13, et chez 11 patients sur 14 traités par arthroplastie de remplacement en deux temps. La douleur résiduelle a été la complication la plus fréquente (chez 14 patients).

Total arthroplasty in ankylosed knees: a case series

OBJECTIVE: To present nine patients with ankylosis in their knees that were submitted to a total arthroplasty to lessen their pain and improve their functional limitation. For these patients, arthrodesis remained a possibility in the event of arthroplasty failure. INTRODUCTION: Ankylosis of the knee is a severe functional limitation that becomes worse when pain is present. Arthrodesis of the knee is a classical indication for such patients, since it resolves the pain; however, the severe functional limitation remains. METHODS: In the present study, we evaluated the clinical course of nine patients who underwent total arthroplasty of the knee, and were followed up for at least five years. RESULTS: The results demonstrate that all of the patients experienced a significant reduction in pain and some improvement in the degree of knee flexion and extension. CONCLUSION: Based on the latest follow-up, there has been no need to perform arthrodesis for any of our patients, showing that a total arthroplasty could be a option for treatment in knee ankylosis.

The Efficacy of Suction Drains arter Total Hip Arthroplasty

Purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of suction drains following total hip arthroplasties, by comparing the post-operative results between the group with suction drains and the group without suction drains. Materials and Methods: Eighty-six patients, who underwent primary total hip arthroplasties from June 2001 to June 2004, were divided into two groups: group 1 (48 patients), with suction drains; and group 2 (38 patients), without suction drains. We assessed the perioperative hemoglobin and platelet levels, the amount of total blood loss, the amount of post-operative blood transfusions, post-operative ranges of motion (ROMs, at 6 weeks), wound problems, and general conditions. Results: Although the postoperative hemoglobin level was greater in group 2 than in group 1, there was no statistically significant difference. The amount of total blood loss and blood transfusions in group 1 were statistically greater than in group 2 (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the post-operative ROMs and wound complications between groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: There were no limitations of hip motion and no wound complications in the patients without suction drains after total hip arthroplasties. However, they required fewer post-operative blood transfusions than did the patients with suction drains, due to less post-operative blood loss; and the absence of a suction drain might prevent retrograde tube infections. In addition, patients without suction drains after total hip arthroplasties seemed to recover better did than those with suction drains. Therefore, suction drains might provide no benefit in total hip arthroplasties.

The Results of Five Years Follow-Up of Cemented Total Knee Arthroplasty

PUEPOSE: To analysis the clinical and radiographic results of patients who could be followed more than five years in the cemented total knee arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two cases(30 patients) were analysed clinically and radiographically, which underwent cemented total knee arthroplasties between March 1991 and December 1994, and were followed up at least more than 5 years. Several factors such as pain at walking, range of motion(ROM), knee rating score of the Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS), flexion contracture for clinical evaluation were evaluated and femorotibial angle, radiologic component position, radiolucent zone according to the roentgenographic evaluation of american knee society for the radiologic evaluation were analysed. RESULTS: Twenty-nine cases(90.7%) were rated as good or excellent, HSS scores were improved from preoperatively 51.5 points to postoperatively 85.5 points, Flexion contracture was relieved from 11degrees pre-operatively to 1degree postoperatively and ROM of knee joint were increased from 118degrees to 120.2 degrees . There were 4 complications; patellar subluxation in three cases, aseptic loosening in one case. The survival rate was 96.9% at six years and seven months. CONCLUSION: According to the clinical and radiologic assessments, cemented total knee arthraplasty seemed to be one of the best methods to fix the prostheses of total knee arthroplasty, which gave good or excellent clinical results at more than five years follow up.

Functional Comparison of Retention & Sacrificing of PCL at Total Knee Arthroplasty / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical and radiological differences of posterior cruciate-retained Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) patients with those of posterior cruciate-sacrificed TKA patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The number of cases used in this study was 83 knees (51 pts) in group I and 30 knees (24 pts) in group II. Patient's average age was 57 years in group I and 59 years in group II. The follow-up period ranged from 1 year to 3 years in both groups. RESULTS: The ROM of knee was 84.6 degree preoperatively and 109 degree postoperatively in group I, and 80.6 degree and 110 degree in group II. Preoperative flexion contracture was 11.0 degree in group I and 22.3 degree in group II, and was decreased in both groups. Preoperative tibiofemoral angle (TFA) was varus 3.4 degree in group I and varus 3.9 degree in group II. Postoperatively, it was corrected as valgus 6.0 degree in group I and valgus 6.2 degree in group II. The Knee Rating Scale improved from 56.6 to 89.7 points in group I and 50.7 to 88 points in group II. CONCLUSIONS: According to clinical and radiological assessments there were no significant differences between the two groups.

Total Ankle Arthroplasty: Report of 6 cases / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Ankle arthrodesis has been regarded as a good operative treatment for post traumatic and rheumatoid arthritis of ankle, and ankle arthroplasty has been also developed with several types, from 1970, by Lord & Marotte. Ankle arthroplasty is more functional & less cosmetic troublesome than arthrodesis, and with more developed prosthesis design, more good result will come. The authors operated 6 cases of total ankle arthroplasty for posttraumatic and rheumatoid arthritis of ankle, which were also indications of arthrodesis, and introduce the results and operative problems of ankle arthroplasty.