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Introduction: Multidrug resistant bacteria is causing a veryserious problem in the proper treatment and management ofsick patients in ICU’s. Study aimed to find out antimicrobialsusceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from trachealculture.Material and methods: This study was carried over a periodof 6 months from July to December 2017 in the departmentof microbiology. Total of 470 tracheal aspirates were studied.Each specimen was streaked on 5% sheep blood agar andMacConkey agar. After isolation and identification, sensitivityof selected organisms against different antibiotics was studiedResults: Out of 470 tracheal aspirates, 328 samples showedsingle bacterial growth, 76 were sterile; contaminants weregrown in 58 samples and in remaining 8 samples yeast weregrown. The incidence of positivity in our study was 83.8%,with gram negative bacteria outnumbering the gram positiveones. Of the 328 samples which showed bacterial growth,Acinetobacter spp 159(40.3) was the most common organismfollowed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 72(18.2), Pseudomonasspp 46(11.6), Escherichia coli 27(6.8), Staphylococcus aureus13(3.2), Klebsiella oxytoca 5(1.26), Enterococcus spp 3(0.76),Proteus spp, Citrobacter spp, Providencia stuartii 1(0.25)each. Also XDR (extensively drug resistant) bacteria wereisolated at a high frequency (67%) with Acinetobacter spp.being the most common 128(56.6)) followed by Klebsiellaspp. 39(17.2) Pseudomonas spp. 38(16.8), and E.coli 12(5.3).Conclusion: Gram negative were main organisms responsiblefor lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patientsand the majority of the isolates belong to XDR and MDRcategory.
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Objective To investigate the role of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF),keratinocyte growth factor(KGF) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in tracheal aspirates (TA) in the genesis and development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods The levels of HGF,KGF and IL-1β in TA of 25 children with ARDS (ARDS group) and 23 children with non-ARDS (control group) were assayed by ELISA.Lung injury score was applied to all patients.Results The levels of HGF,KGF and IL-1β in TA were significantly higher in ARDS group than in control group(P<0.0 1).As compared with survivors,the levels of HGF,KGF and IL-1β in TA were markedly higher in dead patients(P<0.01).LIS had a positive correlation with the levels of HGF,KGF and IL-1β(P<0.01).Conclusion HGF,KGF and IL-1β participate in the development of ARDS.The degree of lung injury and prognosis of ARDS may be early estimated by the levels of HGF,KGF and IL-1β in TA.
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PURPOSE: To analyze the significance of interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) from tracheal aspirates (TA) taken immediately after birth in the development of chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD), and to analyze the risk factors for CLD according to the preceding illnesses. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was done in 75 inborn preterm infants admitted to a university hospital NICU and intubated at birth for the respiratory care. TA was taken to measure IL-6 by ELISA and to perform UU PCR. The patients were grouped into four, according to the history of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and chorioamnionitis (CA). RESULTS: PCR positive rate of UU was 25.3%. Positive PCR was significantly frequent in the patients with CLD or CA. IL-6 in TA was significantly higher with CLD, CA, or positive PCR. Risk factors for CLD were increased IL-6, positive UU PCR, and PDA in all patients. The risk factors for CLD were PDA in RDS(+)CA(-) group [OR 2.11; 95% CI 1.15-3.89]; PDA [OR 12.0; 95% CI 2.50-57.67] and IL-6 (>284.7 pg/mL) [OR 3.75; 95% CI 1.01-13.90] in RDS(+)CA(+) group; and IL-6 (>284.7 pg/mL) [OR 8.25; 95% CI 1.54-44.14] in RDS(-)CA(+) group. CONCLUSION: PDA was a risk factor for CLD following RDS and increased IL-6 for CLD following CA. Inflammatory response of fetal lung, measured by IL-6 and UU PCR in TA at birth in preterm infants, was associated with CA and might be a risk factor for the development of CLD.