Clinical analysis of 16 cases with congenital complete tracheal ring in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To assess the clinical characteristics of children with congenital complete tracheal ring (CCTR). Methods A retrospective analysis of pediatric patients was performed,who were diagnosed with CCTR at the Department of Pediatrics,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University between January 2014 to June 2017. The clinical manifestations,imaging features and treatment strategies were evaluated. Results A total of 16 pa-tients were included in this study. The mean age of was 11. 01 months and the mean Z score of weight-for age was- 0. 52. The main clinical manifestations were recurrent wheezing (9 cases),stridor (7 cases),tracheal intubation di-fficulty (1 case),and weaning difficulties (1 case). A total of 9 patients were complicated with cardiovascular malfor-mations. The location of CCTR was in trachea (12 cases),in bronchus (4 cases),and in both the trachea and bronchus (4 cases). Ten cases were complicated with other respiratory abnormalities,including laryngomalacia and tracheomala-cia. Three patients were just isolated CCTR. All the patients were discharged from hospital with an average 10. 75 days of hospital stays. A total of 62. 5％ of these children were misdiagnosed as asthma or laryngeal laryngomalacia. Conclusions The main clinical manifestations are recurrent wheezing and/ or stridor in children with CCTR. They are always complicated with bronchial,pulmonary and cardiovascular malformations. CCTR has an adverse effect on the growth of children. Children with CCTR have a high risk of recurrent lower respiratory tract infection. Bronchoscopy should be performed in children with recurrent wheezing or stridor to determine whether CCTR exists.

Estenosis traqueal congénita, Serie clínica / Congenital tracheal stenosis

Introducción: La estenosis traqueal congénita (ETC) es una entidad clínica infrecuente, que se caracteriza por la presencia de anillos traqueales circulares completos, que determinan estrechez fija del lumen traqueal ocasionando dificultad respiratoria de grado variable. Objetivos: Comunicar 10 pacientes portadores de ETC, sus aspectos clinicos, morfológicos y alternativas en el tratamiento. Pacientes y Método: Se analizó retrospectivamente las formas de manifestación, exámenes diagnósticos y evolución de diez pacientes portadores de ETC diagnosticados entre los años 1998 y 2006. Resultados: Seis pacientes con síntomas respiratorios graves requirieron cirugía correctora de la traquea, uno falleció luego de un año, en el postoperatorio de una intervención cardiovascular. Cuatro pacientes con sintomatología respiratoria menor no requirieron corrección quirúrgica, uno falleció en el postoperatorio de una cirugía cardiaca. Conclusión: La ETC es una malformación potencialmente grave que requiere tratamiento quirúrgico en los pacientes sintomáticos con obstrucción severa de vía aérea. Los pacientes con síntomas leves pueden permanecer en control y no ser sometidos a cirugía correctora.

Congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) constitutes an uncommon disease, characterized by the presence of complete tracheal rings that determine a fixed narrow tracheal lumen with different levels of respiratory distress. Objective: To expose 10 patients with CTS in relation to their morphological-clinical aspects and treatment alternatives. Method: Retrospective analysis of these patients diagnosed with CTS between 1998 and 2006, in terms of clinical evolution and diagnostic exams. Results: 6 patients with severe respiratory symptoms needed corrective tracheal surgery; one of them died one year later during cardiac surgery. 4 patients with mild respiratory symptoms did not require tracheal surgery; one of them died during cardiac surgery. Conclusion: CTS is a serious malformation that requires surgical treatment in those patients with severe airway obstruction. Patients with mild symptoms are observed closely without the need for surgery.

Estudo comparativo dos anéis traqueais em suínos (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758) das raças Landrace, Large-white e Hampshire / Comparative study on the tracheal rings in Landrace, Large-white and Hampshire pigs (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758)

Considerando a importância do conhecimento anatômico, com vistas à sua utilização em áreas aplicadas da medicina veterinária, busca-se com o presente trabalho oferecer dados relativos ao número de anéis traqueais em suínos com raças definidas. Para tanto, utilizaram-se 75 fetos e/ou natimortos, sendo trinta das raças Landrace e Large-white e quinze da raça Hampshire. Após dissecação e exposição da traquéia, procedeu-se a contagem dos anéis traqueais, observando-se um número mínimo de 28 e máximo de 40 anéis traqueais, sendo encontrados para a raça Landrace de 31 a 40 anéis, com maior freqüência 35, para a raça Large-white de 30 a 39 anéis, com maior freqüência 34 e, para a raça Hampshire, de 28 a 38 anéis, com maior freqüência 32.

Empirical study on antiasthmatic effect of citral from aqueous extract of fruit of cubeb litsea tree / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To study antiasthmatic effect of citral from aqueous extract of fruit of cubeb litsea tree and its mechanism.METHODS: By inducing asthma with Ach-histamine method in guinea pig,cough with ammonia in mice and the output quantity of phenol red from the trachea in mice,the antiasthmatic was observed,preventing cough and eliminating phlegm effect of citral. By measuring the tension of guinea-pig isolated tracheal rings,the both influence of citral was observed on isolated guinea pig tracheal rings and inhibition's effects of citral on contraction induced by Ach.RESULTS: Citral prolonged apparently the incubation period of asthma due to Ach-histamine solution in guinea pig and the coughing incubation period,reduced coughing frequency induced by ammonia in mice,increased excretion of phenol red from the respiratory tract in mice,inhibited the constrictions induced by Ach,and shifted the dose-effect curves of Ach to the right.CONCLUSION: Citral has functions of expelling phlegm,relieving cough and resisting asthma,satisfactory bronchi spasmolysis.