Description of training loads using whole-body exercise during high-intensity interval training

OBJECTIVES: To describe external training load and internal training load through sets of a single session of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) body work. METHODS: Twenty male individuals (24±3 years) performed a HIIT body work protocol consisting of a single bout of exercise with 1:1 stimuli. The exercises used were 30 min in duration with "all-out" intensity. The exercises included jumping jacks, mountain climbers, burpees and squat jumps, totaling 20 min of exercise. During exercise, total movement capacity, blood lactate measurement, ratings of perceived exertion and recovery, training load and intensity were monitored. RESULTS: The single bout examined showed a total of 382±89 movements. Differences (p<0.01) in the total amount of movement for each exercise were noted, reflecting the difficulty of maintaining exercise over time. Increases in lactate concentrations (before: 0.98±0.16, after: 14.10±1.66; mmol/L) were found postexercise. Significant differences (p<0.01) were found after the fifth set, and the values for movement capacity remained higher than the values of the first set, demonstrating high load in a single session. No differences in ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during the sets were found. However, the ratings of perceived recuperation from the second set were significantly (p<0.01) lower than those from the first set. CONCLUSIONS: The exercise protocol used in this study was of high intensity and produced large values for stress during performance, with increases recorded for the internal load indicators.

Análise das concentrações de creatina quinase e alfa -actina no futebol pré-temporada / Analysis of creatine kinase and alpha-actin concentrations in soccer pre-season

The purpose of the present study was to assess muscle overload through changes in creatine kinase (CK) activity and serum concentration of α-actin in soccer players in response of two months of pre-season physical training. Basic procedures: Ten professional athletes (26 ± 6 years of age) undergoing arduous training were evaluated. Serum CK activity and α-actin serum concentration were determined at the beginning and end of two months of pre-season training. Effort intensity was determined throughout the training sessions by monitoring heart rate (HR). Serum CK activity was determined using the colorimetric method. Plasma α-actin concentration was evaluated using ELISA and confirmed using the Western Blot method. Main Findings: Serum CK activity and α-actin concentration were higher in the post-training period in comparison to the pre-training period (CK: PRE 65.5 ± 4.2 U/L, POST 435.7 ± 70.0 U/L, p=0.0004; α-actin by Western Blot: PRE 42.9 ± 21.6 µg/mL, POST 68.1 ± 19.1 µg/mL, p=0.0004; by ELISA: PRE 70.63 ± 10.4 µg/mL, POST 101.80 ± 17.3 µg/mL, p=0.0125). Conclusions: The significant increases in α-actin concentration and in CK activity of soccer players over the two-month pre-season indicated that an elevated training overload was imposed upon the athletes.(AU)

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a sobrecarga muscular através de mudanças na creatina quinase (CK) e concentração sérica de α-actina em jogadores de futebol de resposta de dois meses de treinamento físico de pré-temporada. Procedimentos básicos: Dez atletas profissionais (26 ± 6 anos de idade) que se submeteram aos treinamentos foram avaliados. Atividade de CK e concentração sérica de actina-α foram determinados no início e no fim de dois meses de treinamento de pré-temporada. Intensidade de esforço foi determinada ao longo das sessões de treinamento por meio do monitoramento da freqüência cardíaca (FC). Actividade de CK no soro foi determinada pelo método colorimétrico. Concentração de plasma α-actina foi avaliada utilizando ELISA e confirmado usando o método de Western Blot. Conclusões: a atividade da CK sérica e concentração α-actina foram maiores no período pós-treinamento em comparação com o período pré-treinamento (CK: PRE 65,5 ± 4,2 U/L, 435,7 ± 70,0 POST U/L, p = 0,0004; α-actina por Western Blot: PRE 42,9 ± 21,6 ng/mL, 68,1 ± 19,1 POST mcg/mL, p = 0,0004; por ELISA: PRE 70,63 ± 10,4 ng/mL, POST 101,80 ± 17,3 ng/mL, p = 0,0125). Conclusões: O aumento da atividade da CK e da concentração de actina-α após dois meses de treinamento na pré-temporada de um time de futebol indica uma sobrecarga muscular significativa imposta por este período de treinamento.(AU)

Advances in research on the application of metabonomics in military fitness training monitoring / 军事医学

It is important to meet the need of modern high-technology war during the new period in which our army change the modes of generating combat capabilities .How to more scientifically and effectively improve the soldiers′physical quality and reserve ability will play a key role in soldiers′operations training .Therefore,the metabonomic analysis will pro-vide a new idea for the military physical training monitoring .The application of metabonomics to military fitness training monitoring is described in this paper .