Exploration on training model of general practitioners in county medical community with the outreaching of medical consortium / 中华全科医师杂志

In recent years, a number of policies have been implemented to strengthen the cultivation of general practitioners in China. However, the development of community-level health professionals is still lagging behind, the development is uneven among regions, the overall number of general practitioners is insufficient, and the quality of medical services needs to be improved. Based on the Shanhai (Mountain and Sea) promotion project, with the close cooperation between the Second Affiliated Hospital and the medical consortium unit Suichang County People′s Hospital, a " Joint Cultivation by Dual-Teachers " model has been applied in training general practitioners for Suichang county community since March 2021. In this article we discuss the optimization and integration of medical and health resources through the outreaching assistance of high-quality personnel, management and system of medical service, to comprehensively upgrade the primary care and the quality of grass-roots general practitioners in remote mountainous areas.

Study on promotion of the scientific research capability for young imaging technologists by STAR training model in continuing education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Combing with the professional characteristics of imaging technology, Radiological Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University established the STAR training model for imaging technologists to cultivate the scientific research quality of young technicians, which includes sub-professional group training, tutor responsibility system, arrangement of research time, and reading-film session of technologists. Practice shows that this training model has made a series of achievements so far, such as that the number of publishing articles, funds application, authorized patents and oral presentation at international congress has been significantly increased. In addition, there is a high recognition of the STAR training model among young imaging technologists. Therefore, the STAR model can stimulate the scientific research passion of young technologists, and improve their scientific research capability.

Exploration and practice of hierarchical training model for improving professional ability of primary pediatricians / 中华医学教育探索杂志

At present, the routine specialized training for primary pediatricians (focusing on theoretical learning of public subjects) cannot meet the needs of primary pediatricians. In order to promote the development of children's medical care at the grassroots level and improve the quality, medical and clinical research abilities of regional pediatric medical personnel, the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University has designed and built a "hierarchical training model for improving the professional ability of pediatricians" from the aspects of training objectives, training contents, training methods, construction and evaluation of training programs, and quality control. In addition, the 8-month "Pediatric Professional Basic Training" and the 9-month "Pediatric Professional Ability Improvement Training" were respectively carried out in Xianyang Children's Hospital. In the "Professional Basic Training", 88 trainees were comprehensively evaluated after training, 53 of whom were qualified or above. In the "Ability Improvement Training", 26 of the 29 students actually participated in the evaluation and reached the qualified level or above. Learners provided feedbacks that they have effectively improved their own knowledge structure, expanded their clinical diagnosis and treatment thinking and clinical research ideas, and provided some guidance for clinical work.

Questionnaire survey on the training model for master of public health in Fujian province / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To better understand the current status of master of public health (MPH) cultivation, establish a better training system, and improve its training quality.Methods:The students and teachers from many universities in Fujian province, as well as the public health workers, were investigated with a questionnaire on the "training model of master of public health", and SPSS 13.0 was used for data processing.Results:The survey results showed that 51.54%(67/130) of the survey respondents liked MPH major, and their understanding of MPH gradually increased with increasing working experience. However, there was no statistical significance in terms of the correlation between the abilities cultivated by the MPH training system and the working years. And 89.23%(116/130) of the survey respondents indicated that the direction of MPH training needed to be further refined, and the net promoter score for the evaluation of the MPH training model was -53.07%.Conclusion:At present, certain achievements have been made in MPH cultivation, and the development of MPH cultivation system needs more in-depth study.

On the role of training model of general hospital specialized college in the standardized residency training / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper takes the establishment of the College of Basic Gynecology and Obstetrics in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University as an example, and through reviewing its establishment background, organizational system (including organizational structure, regulation construction, platform construction and teacher construction) and curriculum system (including curriculum goals and principles, curriculum format, specific curriculum settings, assessment system and evaluation feedback system), so that we can understand the development of the Basic College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and its role in the standardized residency training. This general hospital specialized college model focuses on training comprehensive, professional, applied medical talents and clinically competent physicians, which plays an important role in the standardized residency training, and improves the theoretical knowledge and technical skills of the residents. Running of the college has been widely recognized by peers, This college model is worthy of further promotion.

Entity extraction and graph construction based on Chinese medical text / 中国药科大学学报

@#Knowledge graph technology has promoted the progress of new drug research and development, but domestic research starts late and domain knowledge is mostly stored in text, resulting in low rate of knowledge graph reuse.Based on multi-source and heterogeneous medical texts, this paper designed a Chinese named entity recognition model based on Bert-wwm-ext pre-training model and also integrated cascade thought, which reduced the complexity of traditional single classification and further improved the efficiency of text recognition.The experimental results showed that the model achieved the best performance with an F1-score of 0.903, a precision of 89.2%, and a recall rate of 91.5% on the self-built dataset.At the same time, the model was applied to the public dataset CCKS2019, and the results showed that the model had better performance and recognition effect.Using this model, this paper constructed a Chinese medical knowledge graph, involving 13 530 entities, 10 939 attributes and 39 247 relationships of them in total.The Chinese medical entity extraction and graph construction method proposed in this paper is expected to help researchers accelerate the new discovery of medical knowledge, and shorten the process of new drug discovery.

Exploration and practice of innovative model of ability-oriented training for general practitioners / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore an innovative model of ability-oriented training for general practitioners and to evaluate its implementation effectiveness.Methods:A total of 49 general practitioners who participated in the training in 2015 were selected as the research objects, and they were trained in a new mode with innovative teaching and training system and comprehensive assessment mode as the main content. The results of theoretical examination and self-assessment scores of post competency were compared before and after the training. SPSS 19.0 was used for t test. Results:The theoretical examination results of the first year of training were higher than those before training [(77.23±0.55) scores vs. (69.14±4.63) scores], with significant differences ( t=12.15, P=0.001); and the results of the second year of training were also higher than those of the first year of training [(83.72±0.45) scores vs. (77.23±0.55) scores], with significant differences ( t=8.12, P=0.001). The self-assessment questionnaire showed that there were significant differences in such five abilities of the students' competency as medical knowledge and clinical skills, autonomous learning, interpersonal communication, teamwork, core values and doctor professionalisms through the comparison of systematic training ( t=2.76, 4.53, 12.09, 2.33, 2.40, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The innovative training model for general practitioners is effective, and the practice of the new model could provide reference for continuously improving the training and education of general practitioners in China.

Pro-CAD: una alternativa para profesionalizar al personal auxiliar del odontólogo / Pro-CAD: a professionalizing alternative for the dentist's auxiliary staff

El presente artículo es el resultado de una investigación orientada a la implantación de un modelo educativo, que sustenta una propuesta para la capacitación de recursos humanos de apoyo técnico en el campo de la salud. Para este propósito se denominaron: Asistentes Dentales a quienes son el personal auxiliar que se desempeña con profesionales que ejercen la odontología en forma privada en México, y que no cuentan con escuelas para su formación, considerando sus diferencias individuales e involucrando las áreas cognoscitiva (conocimientos), psicomotriz (habilidades y destrezas) y afectiva (comportamientos). Los recursos humanos compiten fuertemente por encontrar un espacio de desempeño en un mercado altamente exigente, razón por la cual el eje principal de la investigación se fundamentó en el planteamiento del Consejo Normalizador y Certificador de Competencias Laborales (CONOCER). El modelo fue diseñado durante la formación doctoral, enmarcado en la línea de innovación curricular para la calidad total como consecuencia del interés personal por evaluar las competencias del personal auxiliar que se desempeña apoyando al gremio de la odontología; la población está organizada en un colegio local de profesionales filial a la Asociación Dental Mexicana. Se utilizó el método mixto, y la herramienta para recolección de datos fue la encuesta, misma que aportó información relevante para construir una propuesta denominada modelo Pro-CAD (Programa de Capacitación Asistente Dental), que se incluye brevemente al final de este artículo (AU)

This article is the result of research aimed at the implementation of an educational model, which supports a proposal for the training of human resources of technical support in the field of health. For this purpose they were called: Dental Assistants, who are the auxiliary staff who work with professionals who practice dentistry privately in México, and who do not have schools for their training considering their individual differences and involving the cognitive areas (knowledge), psychomotor (skills and skills), affective (behaviors). Human resources compete strongly to find a performance space in a highly demanding market, which is why the main focus of the research was based on the approach of the Standardizing Council and Labour Skills Certificater (CONOCER). The model was designed during my doctoral training framed in the line of curriculum innovation for total quality as a result of the personal interest in evaluating the work skills of the auxiliary staff who perform supporting the dental guild, the population is organized in a local college of professionals affiliated with the Mexican Dental Association. The mixed method was used, and the data collection tool was the survey, which provided relevant information to build a proposal called the Pro-CAD (Dental Assistant Training Program) model that is briefly included at the end of this article (AU)

Modelo inorgánico de simulación de gastrostomía laparoscópica con impresión 3D, para adquirir habilidades en sutura intracorpórea. Estudio cuasi-experimental / Inorganic model of laparoscopic gastrostomy simulation with 3D printing, to acquire skills in intracorporal suture. Quasy experimental study

La sutura y el anudado laparoscópico intracorpóreo son las habilidades más difíciles de aprender, las mismas son esenciales para realizar procedimientos laparoscópicos avanzados. Los modelos de entrenamiento laparoscópico permiten facilitar la curva de aprendizaje en un ambiente seguro y sin riesgo para el paciente. La impresión 3D ha revolucionado muchos campos industriales, el presente estudio buscar enlazar la tecnología de impresión 3D con la creación de un modelo anatómico de un estómago inorgánico, para simular una gastrostomía laparoscópica con fines didácticos para los residentes de cirugía general y los cirujanos en formación. Objetivo: Desarrollar un modelo inorgánico de simulación de gastrostomía laparoscópica mediante impresión 3D, como herramienta para la adquisición de habilidades y destrezas en sutura y anudado intracorpóreo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo prospectivo, experimental y longitudinal. El autor del presente trabajo, realizó 16 prácticas en caja negra con el modelo de entrenamiento laparoscópico creado y fueron evaluadas mediante la escala GOALS y medición del tiempo de ejecución. Resultados: La puntuación obtenida en la escala GOALS fue de 19 puntos en la primera práctica e incrementó hasta 23 puntos en las últimas prácticas (Tau-C de Kendall=0,89) siendo estadísticamente significativo (p<0,00001). El tiempo disminuyó de la primera practica de 18:30 hasta 6:56 minutos en la última (Tau-C de Kendall=-0,49) siendo estadísticamente significativo (p=0,01). Conclusión: El modelo de entrenamiento creado con impresión 3D permite recrear los pasos para realizar una gastrostomía laparoscópica, y demostró ser una herramienta eficaz en la adquisición de habilidades en sutura y anudado intracorpóreo(AU)

Intracorporeal laparoscopic suturing and knotting are the most difficult skills to learn, and they are essential for performing advanced laparoscopic procedures. Laparoscopic training models facilitate the learning curve in a safe environment without risk for the patient. 3D printing has revolutionized many industrial fields, the present study seeks to link 3D printing technology with the creation of an anatomical model of an inorganic stomach, to simulate a laparoscopic gastrostomy for educational purposes for general surgery residents and surgeons in training. Objetive: develop an inorganic simulation model of laparoscopic gastrostomy using 3D printing, as a tool for the acquisition of skills and abilities in suturing and intracorporeal knotting. Methods: A prospective, experimental and longitudinal study was carried out. The author of this work performed 16 black box practices with the laparoscopic training model created and they were evaluated using the GOALS scale and measurement of execution time. Results: The score obtained on the GOALS scale was 19 points in the first practice and increased to 23 points in the last practices (Kendall's Tau-C = 0.89), being statistically significant (p <0.00001). The time decreased from the first practice from 18:30 to 6:56 minutes in the last one (Kendall's Tau-C = -0.49) being statistically significant (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The training model created with 3D printing allows to recreate the steps to perform a laparoscopic gastrostomy, and proved to be an effective tool in the acquisition of skills in suturing and intracorporeal knotting(AU)

Development of simulation platforms for Laser Phonosurgery, Laryngeal Endoscopy, and Fiber-carried Laser Procedures

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background.</strong> Simulators in laryngology are an essential part of training. They provide an avenue for medical students and resident trainees to practice valuable psychomotor skills outside the realm of an actual patient encounter - thereby decreasing the risk of possible patient morbidity. Herein we present three locally manufactured simulation devices that can be used to train residents in laryngology procedures.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective.</strong> To present three simulation platform devices (Laser Box, Flexible Endoscopy Simulation, Thiel Cadaver Chair) and their applications in simulation-based learning</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods.</strong> The Laser Box, Flexible Endoscopy Simulation, and Thiel Cadaver Chair were manufactured by outside parties designated as 'Laser Machinists'.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Results.</strong> Ten (10) units of the Laser Box, two (2) units of the Thiel Cadaver Chair, and two (2) units of the Flexible Endoscopy Simulation were constructed. They were used in a laryngology postgraduate course in our institution to teach the participants on endoscopies and laser phonosurgery.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Simulation for otolaryngologic procedures should be an essential part of training. The learning curve for procedures such as laryngoscopy and laser phonosurgery can be addressed with the production of simulation platforms. Most institutions in the Philippines still adopt the "see one, do one, teach one" approach, which lacks standardization and puts patients at risk. Various task trainers for laser phonosurgery and flexible endoscopy have been reported in the literature, but there seems to be no published data on the use of a cadaver chair for simulation. In the COVID-19 era, aside from being excellent teaching tools, simulation platforms derive their importance in helping train residents, educate medical students, and review consultants - maximizing skill development - and thereby decreasing repeated attempts, and indirectly, exposure to the SARS-CoV-2. Future validation studies are required for the models, with the eventual long-term goals to further standardize training, increase patient safety and incorporate a simulation-based curriculum for the specialty locally.</p>

Modelo integral de entrenamiento microquirúrgico y neuroendovascular con placenta humana / Comprehensive microsurgical and neuroendovascular training model with human placenta

Introducción: La neurocirugía vascular, tanto la microquirúrgica como endovascular, ha progresado significativamente en el tratamiento de la patología cerebrovascular. Sin embargo, en una considerable proporción de casos este tipo de patología no puede ser resuelta definitivamente mediante un único abordaje. Por lo cual consideramos que el neurocirujano en formación debe capacitarse con ambas técnicas.Se describe un modelo de entrenamiento en microcirugía y en nociones básicas del material y técnica neuroendovascular, utilizando placenta humana y recursos de baja complejidad. Material y método: Se utilizaron 20 placentas humanas, instrumental y sutura de uso habitual en microcirugía, microscopio quirúrgico Newton®XX1, material para procedimientos endovasculares; equipo de radioscopia (arco en C Phillips BV Pulsera®), un cráneo óseo y un cabezal de fijación tipo Sugita® adaptado a su uso en laboratorio. Los ejercicios consistieron en: 1. Disección y exposición de los vasos arteriales y venosos del corion; 2. Anastomosis término-terminal, termino-lateral y latero-lateral; 3. Generación de aneurismas laterales, de bifurcación o trifurcación; 4. Creación de bypass extra-intracraneano; 5. Clipado de los aneurismas en superficie y dentro del cráneo; 6. Control angiográfico pre y post clipado. 7. Embolización con coils de los aneurismas experimentales y de vasos placentarios con partículas de Spongostan®. Resultados: Aunque los vasos tienen una estructura y consistencia diferentes a los habituales para el neurocirujano, la placenta ofrece una variabilidad de calibres y formatos donde practicar los diferentes ejercicios. Conclusión: El entrenamiento en técnicas microquirúrgicas y neurointervencionistas puede ser realizado en modelos placentarios de simulación, que permiten el desarrollo háptico progresivo previo a la realización de un procedimiento in vivo.

Objective: Describe a training model in microsurgery and neuroendovascular surgery, using human placenta and low complexity resources. Material and methods: 20 human placentas, instruments and sutures were used in microsurgery, Newton XX1 surgical microscope, material for endovascular procedures; radioscopy equipment (C-arch Phillips BV Pulsera), a bony skull and a Sugita head adapted for laboratory use. The exercises consisted of: 1. Dissection and exposure of the arterial and venous vessels of the chorion; 2. End-to-end, end-to-side, side-to-side anastomosis; 3. Generation of lateral, bifurcation or trifurcation aneurysms; 4. Creation of extra-intracranial bypass; 5. Clipping of aneurysms on the surface and inside the skull; 6. Pre and post clipping angiographic control. 7. Coil embolization of experimental aneurysms and placental vessels embolization with spongostan particles. Results: Although the vessels have a different structure and consistency than usual for the neurosurgeon, the placenta offers a variability of sizes and formats to practice the different exercises. Conclusion: Training in microsurgical and neurointerventionist techniques can be carried out in placental models, which allow progressive haptic development prior to performing an in vivo procedure.

Influencia del profesor-tutor en la formación del personal de enfermería / Influence of the tutor professor in the nursing staff training

Introducción: La tutoría es una actividad pedagógica que tiene como propósito orientar y apoyar a los alumnos durante su proceso de formación. Objetivo: caracterizar al profesor-tutor en la formación del personal de enfermería. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal, en el Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, durante el curso escolar 2016-2017. El universo estuvo constituido por 93 profesores-tutores y los 311 estudiantes de la carrera de enfermería, pertenecientes a diferentes modalidades de estudio. Se aplicaron encuestas a alumnos y docentes. Se analizaron variables, tales como relación estudiante-tutor, categoría docente, funciones del tutor, preparación del tutor para su desempeño profesional y nivel de satisfacción de estudiantes. Resultados: La relación estudiante-tutor fue buena. El mayor porcentaje de dichos tutores no poseían categoría docente (73,1 %); además, existieron insuficiencias en el dominio de sus funciones y limitaciones en su preparación metodológica, pedagógica y científica. Conclusiones: Pudo demostrarse que la mayoría de los tutores desempeñaban labores asistenciales, fundamentalmente de asesoría metodológica.

Introduction: Tutorship is a pedagogical activity that has as purpose to guide and to support the students during his training process. Objective: To characterize the professor-tutor in the nursing staff training. Methods: A descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study was carried out, in Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital from Santiago de Cuba, during the school course 2016-2017. The universe was constituted by 93 professor-tutors and the 311 students of the nursing career, belonging to the different study modalities. Surveys were applied to students and teaching staff. Variables such as relationship student-tutor, teaching category, tutor activities, tutor's preparation for their professional performance and level of students' satisfaction were analyzed . Results: The relation student-tutor was good. The highest percentage of these tutors had no teaching category (73.1 %); also, inadequacies existed in the domain of their functions and limitations in their methodological, pedagogical and scientific preparation. Conclusions: It could be demonstrated that most of the tutors carry out care works, fundamentally of methodological advice.

Development and evaluation of a training model for paracentetic suprapubic cystostomy and catheterization

OBJECTIVES: Minimally invasive paracentetic suprapubic cystostomy is a technique that should be learned by all surgical trainees and residents. This study aimed to develop a self-made training model for paracentetic suprapubic cystostomy and placement of the suprapubic catheter and then to evaluate its effectiveness in training fourth-year medical students. METHODS: Medical students were divided into an experimental group receiving comprehensive training involving literature, video, and model use and a control group receiving all the same training protocols as the experimental group except without hands-on practice using the model. Each student's performance was video-recorded, followed by subjective and objective evaluations by urology experts and statistical analysis. RESULTS: All students completed the surgical procedures successfully. The experimental group's performance scores were significantly higher than those of the control group (median final performance scores of 91.0 vs. 86.8, respectively). Excellent scores were achieved by more students in the experimental group than in the control group (55% vs. 20%), and fewer poor scores were observed in the experimental group than in the control group (5% vs. 30%). CONCLUSIONS: Based on its cost-effectiveness, reusability, and training effectiveness, this paracentetic suprapubic cystostomy training model is able to achieve goals in teaching practice quickly and easily. Use of the model should be encouraged for training senior medical students and resident physicians who may be expected to perform emergent suprapubic catheter insertion at some time.

Exploration on the training model of professional postgraduates in clinical pharmacy / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In this study,the necessity of professional master's degree training in clinical pharmacy was analyzed by means of literature research and practice summary,and the existing problems in current professional curriculum,tutor team and practice teaching were discussed.In view of the existing problems,this paper puts forward that medical colleges and universities should give full play to their medical resources,draw lessons from the talents training experience of clinical pharmacists training base,adopt measures such as optimizing curriculum system,selecting tutors,attaching importance to practical teaching,so as to improve the quality of postgraduate training in clinical pharmacy,train high-level clinical pharmacists,and promote the development of clinical pharmacy in China.

Application of scenario simulation teaching in cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for junior surgical residents / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To explore the effect of scenario simulation teaching method in the training of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for junior surgical residents. Methods 133 junior residents (working life<3 years) in the author's hospital rotating Cardiac Surgery department were selected and divided into control group (n=65) and observation group (n=68), in which the control group adopted traditional classroom teaching: teacher explanation-demonstration-student practice-teacher counseling; the observation group adopted scenario simulation teaching: teacher explanation-demonstration-student practice-teacher counseling scenario simulation. Before and after training, two groups both received the CPR theory and double operation assessment , comparing the difference of assessment scores between groups before and after training . Results There was no statistically significant difference in the demographic characteristics between the two groups. The assessment scores of CPR theory and operation were improved in both groups after training, and there were significant differences (P=0.000). There were no statistically significant differences in the CPR theory and operation assessment scores between the two groups before training (P>0.05);compared with the scores of CPR operation between the two groups after training, the observation group [(84.62±3.94)] was significantly higher than that of the control group [(79.68±5.45)] and there were significant statistical differences (P=0.000), while there was no statistically significant difference in CPR theory assessment scores between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Both traditional classroom teaching and scenario simulation teaching methods could improve the CPR theory and skill level of the surgical junior resident, but situa tional simulation teaching method is better than traditional classroom teaching method in improving students' CPR performance.

Practice of the rotation training model for professional clinical postgraduate students in department of gastroenterology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the significance of "merge" model versus "traditional" model in rotation training for professional clinical postgraduate students in department of gastroenterology. Methods The professional clinical postgraduate students who underwent rotation training in Qingdao Municipal Hospital from July 2012 to July 2016 were enrolled as subjects and were trained with the"merge" model and the "traditional" model, respectively. The two groups of subjects were compared in terms of clinical knowledge , skills , and core competencies . Results The postgraduates trained by the"merge" model had a significantly higher total score of clinical examinations than those trained by the"traditional" model [(92.60±2.52) vs. (83.80±3.14), t=10.93, P<0.01], while there were no significant differences in professional quality and doctor-patient communication between the two groups. Compared with those trained with the"traditional"model, the postgraduates trained by the"merge"model had significantly better understanding of clinical knowledge and clinical thinking ability, diagnosis and treatment skills, and psychological quality (χ2=27.00, 10.23, and 12.21, all P<0.01);however, there was no significant difference in clinical research ability between the two groups (χ2=1.39, P=0.24). Conclusion The model of professional clinical postgraduate training combined with standardized training of residents is superior to the traditional training model, and compared with the "traditional" model, the "merge" model is more beneficial to the training of comprehensive clinical practice abilities and thus holds promise for further application.

Current status of the training model of full-time professional postgraduate students in public health in Australia and Japan and their reference significance / 中华医学教育探索杂志

With the increasing frequency and impact of public health incidents in the world's medical and health services in recent years,it has become extremely necessary to train public health talents suitable for the medical environment in China.This article mainly discusses the training model of professional postgraduate students in public health in Australian universities (Sydney University and Melbourne University) and Japanese universities (Tokyo University and Hokkaido University).Both countries attach importance to the education of practical ability.Australian universities focus on the training of allround and comprehensive public health talents,while Japanese universities emphasizes the training of professional public health talents.At present,there is a lack of a clear understanding of public health and detailed standards in China,which is the main problem of public health education in China.A detailed and efficient training model of public health talents should be established based on the unique features of our country.

Exploration and practice of"5+3"integrated training model / 中华医学教育探索杂志

"5+3" integrated training program is a new training model to cultivate doctors under the background of preclinical teaching and clinical training integration. Based on practice in Shantou University Medical College, the program design current progress and solution to the problem were elaborated. It adheres to principles of overall optimization and orienting to clinic, and to ensure the smooth implementation of the training model. Which will provide important reference for the reform of long-term medical training program in higher medical colleges and universities.

Standardized training of specialists in China: An analysis of current situation / 第二军医大学学报

The standardized training for specialists in China has ushered in a new phase of steady development and gradual improvement from the initial stage of slow start-up and making plan. Current researches focus on the training system, training model and competency-based training model. Due to late start, short history, insufficient experience and rational thinking of training for specialists in China, currently we need more in-depth and systematic studies; the studies should be more pertinent and applicable, and the studies on competency-based training need to be further broadened. In this review, the research focuses of standardized specialist training in China are sorted out, and the main problems are analyzed, hoping to provide reference for the development of standardized specialist training in China.

Exploration on the training model of professional postgraduates in clinical pharmacy / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In this study, the necessity of professional master's degree training in clinical pharmacy was analyzed by means of literature research and practice summary, and the existing problems in current professional curriculum, tutor team and practice teaching were discussed. In view of the existing problems, this paper puts forward that medical colleges and universities should give full play to their medical resources, draw lessons from the talents training experience of clinical pharmacists training base, adopt measures such as optimizing curriculum system, selecting tutors, attaching importance to practical teaching, so as to improve the quality of postgraduate training in clinical pharmacy, train high-level clinical pharmacists, and promote the development of clinical pharmacy in China.