RESUMO
Introducción: el tratamiento quirúrgico de la enfermedad de Hirschsprung ha evolucionado positivamente desde que, en 1998, De la Torre Mondragón describiera su técnica de descenso endorrectal totalmente transanal. No obstante, estas variantes técnicas son relativamente nuevas y poco se ha escrito en cuanto a su evolución posoperatoria y estado de la continencia de los pacientes operados. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo de 43 pacientes operados de enfermedad de Hirschsprung por medio de técnicas transanales, en un solo tiempo quirúrgico, entre 2004 y 2011, en el Hospital Pediátrico Universitario de Centro Habana. Se aplicó un cuestionario a todos los pacientes en relación con el estado de la función intestinal y urinaria en diferentes momentos de la evolución, luego de los 6 meses de operados, y se relacionaron los resultados con aspectos como la edad y la longitud del segmento resecado. Se utilizó el test de Fisher para el análisis estadístico, considerando significativos los valores de p< 0,05. Resultados: la media de la edad de la intervención fue de 3 años (rango 1-15 años), y predominó el sexo masculino. La variedad rectosigmoidea fue la más frecuente, que se demostró por medio del enema de bario. Todos los casos fueron operados en un solo tiempo quirúrgico, 38 pacientes tienen una evaluación de excelente en relación con la continencia, y solo 2 casos presentaron estreñimiento. Se encontró una relación significativa entre una mayor longitud de segmento resecado, con la presencia de alteraciones del patrón defecatorio. Conclusiones: la función intestinal es satisfactoria en la mayoría de los pacientes intervenidos por medio de técnicas de descenso transanal en un tiempo quirúrgico para el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Hirschsprung.
Introduction: the surgical treatment of Hirschsprung's disease has positively evolved since 1998 when De la Torre Mondragón described his totally transanal endorectal pull through technique. Nevertheless, these technical variants are relatively new and little has been said about the postoperative evolution and the continence status of the surgical patients. Methods: an observational descriptive study of 43 surgical patients, who suffered Hirschsprung's disease and were operated on by transanal one-stage techniques from 2004 to 2011 at university pediatric hospital of Centro Havana, was carried out. All the patients were given a questionnaire to find out the condition of the intestinal and urinary functions at different times, six months after surgery. The results were correlated with age and length of the resected segment. Fisher's test was used for the statistical analysis, being p< 0,05. Results: the average age at the time of operation was 3 years (range, 1 to 15 years) and males prevailed. The rectosigmoid variant was the most common, which was evidenced by the barium enema. All these cases underwent one-stage surgery; 38 patients were satisfactorily evaluated in terms of continence and just two cases presented with constipation. A significant association between longer resected segment and the presence of altered defecation pattern was found. Conclusions: the intestinal function is satisfactory in most of patients operated on by transanal one-stage pull-through techniques for treating Hirschsprung's disease.
RESUMO
In one-stage transanal endorectal pull-through operation (TERPT) for Hirschsprung disease, preoperative evaluation by contrast enema (CE) is important tool in aspect of planning of surgical procedure as well as diagnosis. This study was to evaluate the significance of CE for identifying the extent of aganglionic bowel. A retrospective analysis was performed in 40 patients who underwent TERPT between 2003 and 2011. The authors reviewed the CE studies and their correlation with pathologic extent of aganglionosis. Total 66 contrast enemas were performed in 40 patients. Twenty patients underwent single CE, but 20 patients required multiple CEs. In single CE group, 17 had clear radiographic transition zone, but 3 had less definite transition zone. In multiple CE group, 17 patients who had equivocal finding in first or second CE had definite radiographic transition zone, but 3 patients of this group had less definite radiographic transition zones. Overall, 34 patients (85%) had clear radiographic transition zone by single or repeated CE. One (2.9%) out of 34 patients with clear radiographic transition zone had discordance between radiographic and pathologic transition zone. In contrast 4 (66.7%) out of 6 patients with equivocal radiographic transition zone had discordance between radiographic and pathologic transition zone. Observation of clear radiographic transition zone is important in preparation of TERPT, and repeated CE is helpful to reduce the discordance between radiographic and pathologic transition zone. Awareness of the possibility of discordance is also important if radiographic transitional zone is not clear.