Study on the comparative analysis of the efficacy of transmesenteric vein extrahepatic portosystemic shunt and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in the treatment of cavernous transformation of portal vein / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of transmesenteric vein extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TEPS) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in the treatment of cavernous transformation of the portal vein (CTPV). Methods: The clinical data of CTPV patients with patency or partial patency of the superior mesenteric vein treated with TIPS or TEPS treatment in the Department of Vascular Surgery of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected. The differences in baseline data, surgical success rate, complication rate, incidence rate of hepatic encephalopathy, and other related indicators between TIPS and TEPS group were statistically analyzed by independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to calculate the cumulative patency rate of the shunt and the recurrence rate of postoperative portal hypertension symptoms in both groups. Results: The surgical success rate (100% vs. 65.52%), surgical complication rate (6.67% vs. 36.84%), cumulative shunt patency rate (100% vs. 70.70%), and cumulative symptom recurrence rate (0% vs. 25.71%) of the TEPS group and TIPS group were statistically significantly different (P < 0.05). The time of establishing the shunt [28 (2141) min vs. 82 (51206) min], the number of stents used [1 (12) vs. 2 (15)], and the length of the shunt [10 (912) cm vs. 16 (1220) cm] were statistically significant between the two groups (t = -3.764, -4.059, -1.765, P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative hepatic encephalopathy in the TEPS group and TIPS group was 6.67% and 15.79% respectively, with no statistically significant difference (Fisher's exact probability method, P = 0.613). The pressure of superior mesenteric vein decreased from (29.33 ± 1.99) mmHg to (14.60 ± 2.80) mmHg in the TEPS group and from (29.68 ± 2.31) mmHg to (15.79 ± 3.01) mmHg in TIPS group after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant (t = 16.625, 15.959, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The best indication of TEPS is in CTPV patients with patency or partial patency of the superior mesenteric vein. TEPS improves the accuracy and success rate of surgery and reduces the incidence of complications.

Obstrucción intestinal debido a hernia interna transmesentérica congénita en adulto / Bowel obstruction due to congenital transmesenteric internal hernia in adults

RESUMEN Las hernias internas constituyen una causa rara de obstrucción de intestino delgado. Entre estas se encuentra la hernia transmesentérica congénita, que es muy infrecuente en adultos. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 20 años, sin antecedentes quirúrgicos ni traumáticos, que acudió al Servicio de Urgencias con sintomatología de obstrucción intestinal. Se realizó laparotomía de emergencia, encontrándose intestino delgado encarcelado a través de un defecto localizado en mesenterio yeyunal distal. No había necrosis intestinal por lo que no fue necesaria la resección intestinal. El paciente evolucionó favorablemente y fue dado de alta al tercer día posoperatorio.

ABSTRACT Internal hernias are a rare cause of bowel obstruction. Congenital transmesenteric hernias, a type of internal hernias, are uncommon in adults. We report the case of a 20-year-old male patient with no history of surgeries or trauma who presented to the emergency department with symptoms of bowel obstruction. Emergency laparotomy revealed small bowel incarceration through a defect in the distal jejunal mesentery. As the bowel was viable there was no need to perform bowel resection. The patient evolved with favorable outcome and was discharged on postoperative day 3.

Comparative observation of laparoscopic robot-assisted pyeloplasty through transmesenteric approach and retrocolic approach in the treatment of children with hydronephrosis / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To compare the advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic robot-assisted transmesenteric approach and retrocolic approach disconnected pyeloplasty in the treatment of children with hydronephrosis.Methods:From October 2020 to March 2021, 19 children with hydronephrosis were divided into two groups: intra-renal type and extra-renal type. Among them, 15 were males and 4 were females. The average age of the patients was 3.5 years old (0.2 years old to 16.8 years old), and the average weight was 18.4 kg (5.5 kg to 67.0 kg). The average ERPF of affected kidney before surgery was 35.4%(23.0%-49.8%). All of them were treated with laparoscopic robot-assisted transmesenteric approach and retrocolic approach disconnected pyeloplasty. The operation was performed in accordance with the standard surgical procedures of the guidelines. After the insertion of the trocar, the children in the transmesenteric group were exposed to the renal pelvis by incising the colonic mesangium into the retroperitoneal space, while in the retrocolic group, the peritoneum was cut into the retroperitoneal space to expose the renal pelvis. After that, the steps of incision, cutting, tube placement, and suture of the renal pelvis and ureter were the same in the two groups. Among the 10 cases of the extrarenal type, 6 cases were in the transmesenteric group and 4 cases were in the retrocolic group; among the 9 cases of the intrarenal type, 5 cases were in the transmesenteric group and 4 were in the retrocolic group. There was no statistically significant difference in age, weight, and renal function of the affected side before operation in different surgical approach groups ( P>0.05). The operation time, intraoperative anastomosis time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospital stay were recorded and compared. There was no statistical difference in the age, weight, and renal function of the affected side before the operation. Results:19 cases were followed up for 6 months, no complications such as fever or wound infection occurred. The operation was successfully completed in all patients, no patients were transferred to open surgery, and the hydronephrosis was significantly reduced. Symptoms disappeared in both groups. Of the 19 children. In children with extrarenal type, the operation time of the transmesenteric group and the retrocolic group were (108.8±15.5) min and (132.8±7.6) min, and the intraoperative anastomosis time was (40.7±6.1) min and (51.5±5.5)min, the estimated intraoperative blood loss was (9.5±2.1) ml and (9.3±0.8) ml, respectively, and the postoperative hospital stay was (9.0±1.6) d and (9.3±2.9) d. The operation time and the difference of intraoperative anastomosis time was statistically significant ( P<0.05). In children with intrarenal type, the operation time of the transmesenteric group and the retrocolic group were (136.6±7.9) min and (116.5±13.5) min, and the intraoperative anastomosis time was (52.8±6.9) min and (40.8±6.2), min, the estimated blood loss during the operation was (11.4±2.3) ml and (10.5±0.9) ml, and the postoperative hospital stay was (8.8±1.7) d and (8.0±1.6) d. The operation time and The difference of intraoperative anastomosis time was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The 19 cases were followed up for 6 months, and there was no complications such as fever or wound infection. The volume of hydronephrosis was significantly reduced compared with that before operation, and the renal blood perfusion increased compared with that before operation. The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In terms of shortening the operation time and suture time, for laparoscopic robot-assisted transmesenteric approach and retrocolic approach disconnected pyeloplasty in the treatment of children with hydronephrosis, the transtransmesenteric approach is more advantageous in the treatment of extrarenal hydronephrosis, while the retrocolic approach is more advantageous in the treatment of intrarenal hydronephrosis.

Hernia transmesentérica. Revisión del tema a raíz de un caso exótico de infarto intestinal en un adulto / Transmesenteric hernia. A literature review following an exotic case of intestinal infarction in an adult / Hérnia transmesentérica. Revisão do tema a raiz de um caso exótico de enfarte intestinal num adulto

Introducción: la hernia transmesentérica (HT) es una causa extremadamente rara de isquemia intestinal en adultos, con pocos casos reportados en la literatura. Presentación del caso: un hombre de 71 años presentó dolor epigástrico severo de seis horas de evolución, sin signos de obstrucción intestinal ni historia de cirugías abdominales previas. Ante el deterioro clínico se hizo una laparotomía que reveló un defecto transmesentérico de 4 cm en el yeyuno y herniación de ciento noventa cm de intestino delgado con signos de gangrena. Se efectuaron reducción del contenido, resección intestinal y anatomosis primaria. La recuperación fue exitosa y fue dado de alta diez días después del ingreso. Discusión: los síntomas clínicos, los estudios radiológicos y los datos de laboratorio suelen ser inespecíficos para el diagnóstico de HT. La tasa de mortalidad puede superar el 50 %. Este artículo resume las características clínicas más importantes a partir de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura. Conclusión: la obstrucción intestinal por HT es una condición potencialmente letal. Los signos y síntomas clínicos relacionados con HT exigen un estricto seguimiento. Si no hay mejoría o se presenta deterioro clínico, se debe hacer una cirugía temprana con el fin de reducir la mortalidad y la morbilidad por esta causa.

Introduction: Transmesenteric hernia (TH) is an extremely rare cause of bowel ischaemia in adults with few reported cases. Case report: A 71-year-old man experienced six hours of severe epigastric abdominal pain, without signs of intestinal obstruction and with no history of abdominal surgery. In response to clinical deterioration, an emergency laparotomy was performed, revealing a 4 cm transmesenteric defect in the jejunal region. One hundred ninety centimeters of the small bowel were herniated through the defect and became gangrenous. The hernia was reduced, small bowel resected, and primary anastomosis performed. The patient recovered and was discharged ten days later. Discussion: Clinical symptoms, radiological imaging, and laboratory tests can be non-specific in the diagnosis of TH. The mortality rate is higher than 50 %. This paper summarizes the most important clinical traits based on a comprehensive literature review. Conclusion: Intestinal obstruction due to TH is a potentially lethal condition. The important clinical traits related to TH should be closely monitored. If there is no improvement or clinical deterioration occurs, it is mandatory to do early surgery to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Introdução: a hérnia transmesentérica (HT) é uma causa extremamente rara de isquemia intestinal em adultos, com poucos casos reportados na literatura. Apresentação do caso: um homem de 71 anos apresentou dor epigástrico severo de seis horas de evolução, sem signos de obstrução intestinal nem cirurgias abdominais prévias. Ante a presença de deterioração clínica se fez uma laparotomia que revelou um defeito transmesentérico de 4 cm no jejuno e rupturas de cento noventa cm de intestino delgado com signos de gangrena. Efetuaram-se redução do conteúdo, resseção intestinal e anastomoses primária. A recuperação foi exitosa e foi cadastrado dez dias depois do rendimento. Discussão: os sintomas clínicos, os estudos radiológicos e os dados de laboratório costumam ser inespecíficos para o diagnóstico de HT. A taxa de mortalidade pode superar 50 %. Este artigo resume as características clínicas mais importantes a partir de uma revisão exaustiva da literatura. Conclusão: a obstrução intestinal por HT é uma condição potencialmente letal. Os signos e sintomas clínicos relacionados com HT exigem um estrito seguimento. Se não há melhoria ou se apresenta deterioração clínica, deve-se fazer uma cirurgia temporã com o fim de reduzir a mortalidade e a morbilidade por esta causa.

Hemorrhagic Infarction of the Small Intestine due to Transmesenteric Hernia in an Adolescent: A Case Report / 대한법의학회지

Transmesenteric hernia is so infrequent that sudden unexpected death due to this condition is a very rare occurrence. Because the disease usually occurs in pediatric populations, it is a very rarely observed in adolescents or adults. We report an autopsy case of transmesenteric hernia diagnosed postmortem in an 18-year-old boy who died suddenly after complaining of acute abdominal pains with nausea. Physical examinations, simple abdominal radiographs, and abdominal CT scans failed to provide a clear diagnosis of the illness for 37 h in the hospital. At autopsy, a small round defect of the small bowel mesentery was found, through which a long segment of the small intestine herniated, accompanied by hemorrhagic infarction induced by strangulation obstruction. We would like to present and review this rare autopsy case with medicolegal viewpoints.

A Transmesenteric Hernia in a Child: Gangrene of a Long Segment of Small Bowel through a Large Mesenteric Defect / 대한소화기학회지

Intestinal obstruction is a common surgical emergency. Transmesenteric hernia is an unusual cause of bowel obstruction that may result in irreversible damage of the bowel and a fatal outcome. Once incarceration of the bowel occurs, strangulation and gangrene follow immediately. The mortality rate associated with this condition is about 15%, but in the presence of gangrene of the bowel, the mortality rate is more than 50%. An accurate preoperative diagnosis of a transmesenteric hernia is very difficult and rarely made. Therefore, in patients with small bowel obstruction, in the absence of a history of previous surgery to suggest adhesions or an external hernia, the possibility of a transmesenteric hernia must be considered. We describe a case with gangrene of a long segment of the small bowel caused by a transmesenteric hernia through a large defect of small bowel mesentery in a child.

Internal Hernia in Adult Patients: Transmesenteric Hernia and Internal Hernia through a Defect of the Broad Ligament

An internal hernia is a rare disease that causes bowel obstruction. It is difficult to diagnose because the symptoms and the signs are the same as those for other obstructive diseases of the bowel. Early diagnosis and management are essential, and early surgical management may reduce complications such as ischemia, and strangulation. We experienced two cases of internal hernias. One patient underwent a laparotomy, and had a transmesenteric defect with a herniated and strangulated small bowel segment. The other patient underwent a laparoscopic surgery, and we found that the left broad ligament had a focal defect with a herniated small bowel segment. An internal hernia is an uncommon disease, and its differentiation from other obstructive diseases of the bowel is difficult. However, the clinician should consider that the internal hernia might be the cause of the bowel obstruction, especially in patient with no previous history of intra- abdominal surgery. Early diagnosis can improve the clinical outcome through early surgery.

Spontaneous Transmesenteric Hernia in Adult

A 27-year-old female patient presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain and vomiting. The clinical findings including the computed tomography (CT) scan, suggested internal herniation. The patient had no history of previous abdominal operation or peritonitis. At the surgery, a part of the distal jejunum and proximal ileum 90 cm in length was herniated through a 4 cm-sized round mesenteric defect of the mesentery. Spontaneous transmesenteric hernia is a rare cause of internal herniation, but the possibility should be kept in mind even when the patient has no history of abdominal operation or peritonitis.

A Case of Short Bowel Syndrome Due to Strangulated Congenital Internal Hernia in Children / 대한소아소화기영양학회지

Short bowel syndrome in children, most commonly results after extensive bowel resection for necrosis of the bowel. It may be caused by several intestinal catastrophes such as volvulus, hernia and necrotizing enterocolitis. The risk factors on short bowel syndrome are the remaining length of the bowel, the age of onset, the absence of the ileo-cecal valve and the time after resection. Macro and micronutritional deficiencies are the most significant complications of short bowel syndrome. We report a 5 year-old girl, who had a strangulated congenital transmesenteric hernia leading to short bowel syndrome accompanied by iron deficiency anemia.

Transmesenteric Hernia: An autopsy case / 대한법의학회지

Transmesenteric hernias through congenital mesenteric defects are the least common of intra-abdominal hernias and rare causes of acute intestinal obstruction in infants and children. Because of its rarity and difficulty of diagnosis, the mortality and morbidity were very high, and incarceration leads to intestinal obstruction and subsequently, strangulation and gangrene of varying lengths of intestine. We present an autopsy case of transmesenteric hernia through the defect of the mesentery of ileum, showing strangulationand obstruction of the affected small bowel.