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1.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 28(4): 0-0, oct.-dic. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-769463

RESUMO

Objetivo: determinar los factores predictivos relacionados con la aparición y el pronóstico visual de la endoftalmitis traumática. Métodos: se realizó un estudio longitudinal de serie de casos durante dos años, en 191 pacientes con trauma ocular a globo abierto severo. Se realizó interrogatorio, examen físico oftalmológico completo, refracción dinámica y en caso necesario ultrasonido ocular, radiografía y/o tomografía axial computarizada. Resultados: la prevalencia de endoftalmitis traumática se presentó en el 12,04 por ciento de los pacientes. La media de la edad fue 40,87 ± 14,25 con rango de 16-70 años, con predominio del sexo masculino (95,65 por ciento) y ojo derecho (69,57 por ciento). El análisis univariado de factores de riesgo de endoftalmitis traumática mostró significación estadística para ambiente (p= 0,052), presencia de cuerpo extraño intraocular (p= 0,069), disrupción cristalineana (p< 0,0001), tamaño de la herida (p< 0,0001)y reparación primaria de la herida (p< 0,0001). En el 26 por ciento de los pacientes con heridas autosellantes se decidió suturar, y todos los que tenían heridas autosellantes y desarrollaron endoftalmitis se encontraban dentro de las no suturadas. En el análisis univariado de factores de riesgo para el pronóstico visual de endoftalmitis traumática resultaron estadísticamente significativos: desprendimiento de retina (p=0,059), tamaño de la herida (p= 0,058) y uso de antibiótico sistémico (p= 0,004). Conclusiones: en el enfrentamiento del paciente con trauma ocular a globo abierto es esencial la profilaxis de endoftalmitis traumática, con seguimiento estricto del paciente. Puede ser aconsejable antibiótico sistémico, y constituye pilar importante la individualización mediante identificación de factores de riesgo que justifica la administración de antibiótico intravitreo(AU)


Objective: to determine predictive factors related with the occurrence and the visual prognosis of traumatic endophthalmitis. Methods: longitudinal case series study of 191 patients with severe open globe trauma conducted in two years. The patients answered a questionnaire, underwent complete physical ophthalmological exam and dynamic refraction, and if necessary, ocular ultrasound, x-and/or computed tomography scanning were applied. Results: prevalence of traumatic endophthalmitis was 12,04 percent. Mean age was 40,87 ± 14,25 (range of 16-70 year years). Males (95,65 percent) and the right eye (69,57 percent) predominated. The risk factor analysis related with traumatic endophthalmitis showed statistical significance for environment (p= 0,052), presence of intraocular foreign body (p= 0,069), rupture of the lens (p< 0,0001), wound size (p< 0,0001) and primary wound repair (p< 0,0001). Twenty six percent of patients with spontaneous closing wounds were sutured. All the patients with spontaneous closing wounds, who developed endophthalmitis, were in the non-sutured group. Retinal detachment (p= 0,059), wound size (p= 0,058) and systemic antibiotic use (p= 0,004) were statistically significant factors for the visual prognosis. Conclusions: in the management of patients with ocular open globe trauma, it is essential to prevent traumatic endophthalmitis, with strict follow-up of the patient. It may be advisable to administer systemic antibiotic, and another important pillar will be the individualization of treatment through identifying the risk factors supporting the administration of an intravitreal antibiotic(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Técnicas e Procedimentos Diagnósticos , Endoftalmite/epidemiologia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/complicações , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Relatos de Casos , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/terapia , Estudos Longitudinais , Refração Ocular , Fatores de Risco
2.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 25(supl.2): 573-582, 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-668739

RESUMO

La endoftalmitis es una complicación relativamente poco frecuente pero devastadora en las lesiones a globo abierto. Constituye aproximadamente entre 10 y 30 % de todas las endoftalmitis infecciosas, y es más frecuente en los hombres (85 %). Se ha reportado la presencia de endoftalmitis traumática de 5 a 14 %, y aumenta su incidencia con la presencia de cuerpo extraño intraocular, puede llegar hasta 30 %. El diagnóstico y conducta a seguir ante un paciente con endoftalmitis traumática constituye un desafío, dado por características distintivas y agravantes que la diferencian de las que ocurren en otras escenas y que condicionan el mal pronóstico visual, por lo que se impone realizar una intervención terapéutica inmediata e individualizada. Se realizó una actualización del tema y se propone un protocolo de trabajo ante los pacientes con endoftalmitis traumática. En general existe una información muy limitada con respecto a esta entidad y se necesitan estudios multicéntricos extensos para llegar a conclusiones. Sin embargo, la reparación inmediata y el uso de antibióticos por vía tópica, intravítrea y sistémica, así como la vitrectomía precoz de forma individualizada, son estrategias de conducta convenientes y determinantes para la supervivencia y calidad visual de los pacientes.


Endophthalmitis is a relatively uncommon but devastating complication of open globe injuries. It accounts for about 10 to 30 % of all infectious endophthalimitis, and is found more frequently in males (85 %) In the trauma setting, it amounts to 5 to 14 % of cases, but its incidence is higher when an intraocular foreign body is present (up to 30 %). The diagnosis and the management of traumatic endophthalmitis are challenging, due to its distinctive and aggravating characteristics that are related to a poor visual prognosis; therefore, an immediate customized therapeutic intervention is required. This topic was updated by presenting a protocol to treat these patients. Currently there is very limited information available about it, so extensive multicenter studies are needed to clarify some aspects of management. Nevertheless, the immediate emergency repairs as well as the use of topical, intravitreal and systemic antibiotics in addition to the early performance of the vitrectomy adapted to individual characteristics are suitable management strategies that determine the survival and the visual quality of the patients.

3.
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society ; : 890-897, 2002.
Artigo em Coreano | WPRIM | ID: wpr-106037

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Bacillus cereus is an important cause of post-traumatic endophthalmitis. Several different anti-biotics have been used to prevent permanent visual loss. The authors compared the efficacy of intravitreal vancomycin and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of experimental Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis. METHODS: Forty eyes of 20 white rabbits were inoculated with B. cereus organisms. Ten eyes were randomized to receive intravitreal vancomycin (group 1) and 10 eyes ciprofloxacin (group 2) after 12 or 24 hours. Fellow eyes were injected with normal saline as control group. After 48 hours, the eyes were examined and graded for clinical signs of infection and enucleated for histologic examination. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in clinical features between treated groups and control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between vancomycin-treated group and ciprofloxacin-treated group. Compared to eyes treated 12 hours after inoculation, eyes treated 24 hours after inoculation showed worse clinical gradings (p<0.05). Histologic examination showed vancomycin or ciprofloxacin-treated groups had significant less inflammation and tissue destruction than control group (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in vitreous and retinal structure between ciprofloxacin-treated after 12 hours inoculation and 24 hours inoculation group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ciprofloxacin appeared to be limiting inflammation and tissue destruction in experimental Bacillus endophthalmitis and might effective in substitute vancomycin when necessary.


Assuntos
Coelhos , Bacillus cereus , Bacillus , Ciprofloxacina , Endoftalmite , Inflamação , Retinaldeído , Vancomicina
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