Resposta Vascular da Triiodotironina sobre Anéis de Aortas Isoladas: Contribuição de Mecanismos Redox / Vascular Response of Triiodothyronine on Isolated Aortic Rings: Contribution of Redox Mechanisms

Resumo Fundamento A disfunção vascular constitui a etiologia de diversas doenças, incluindo infarto do miocárdio e hipertensão, diante da ruptura da homeostase oxi-redutiva ("redox"), desempenhando um papel no desequilíbrio do mecanismo de controle vasomotor. Nosso grupo demonstrou anteriormente que os hormônios tireoidianos melhoram a sinalização da angiogênese, exercendo efeitos protetores sobre o tecido aórtico de ratos infartados. Objetivos Investigar o papel da triiodotironina (T3) na resposta vascular, explorando seus efeitos em aortas isoladas e a presença de mecanismos redox vasculares. Métodos Anéis aórticos isolados (endotélio intacto e desnudado) pré-contraídos com fenilefrina foram incubados com T3 (10-8, 10-7, 10-6, 10-5 e 10-4 M) e a tensão foi registrada usando um transdutor de deslocamento de força acoplado a um sistema de coleta. Para avaliar o envolvimento do estresse oxidativo, os anéis aórticos foram pré-incubados com T3 e posteriormente submetidos a um sistema de geração de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS) in vitro. O nível de significância adotado na análise estatística foi de 5%. Resultados A T3 (10-4 M) promoveu o vasorrelaxamento dos anéis aórticos pré-contraídos com fenilefrina em endotélio intacto e desnudado. Os anéis aórticos pré-incubados na presença de T3 (10-4 M) também mostraram diminuição da vasoconstrição provocada pela fenilefrina (1 µM) em preparações de endotélio intacto. Além disso, o efeito vasorrelaxante da T3 (10-4 M) persistiu em anéis aórticos pré-incubados com éster metílico de NG-nitro-L-arginina (L-NAME, 10 µM), um inibidor inespecífico da NO sintase (NOS). Por fim, a T3 (10-4 M) exibiu, in vitro, um papel antioxidante ao reduzir a atividade da NADPH oxidase e aumentar a atividade da SOD nos homogenatos aórticos. Conclusão A T3 exerce efeitos dependentes e independentes de endotélio, o que pode estar relacionado ao seu papel na manutenção da homeostase redox.

Abstract Background Vascular dysfunction constitutes the etiology of many diseases, such as myocardial infarction and hypertension, with the disruption of redox homeostasis playing a role in the imbalance of the vasomotor control mechanism. Our group previously has shown that thyroid hormones exert protective effects on the aortic tissue of infarcted rats by improving angiogenesis signaling. Objective Investigate the role of triiodothyronine (T3) on vascular response, exploring its effects on isolated aortas and whether there is an involvement of vascular redox mechanisms. Methods Isolated aortic rings (intact- and denuded-endothelium) precontracted with phenylephrine were incubated with T3 (10-8, 10-7, 10-6, 10-5, and 10-4 M), and tension was recorded using a force-displacement transducer coupled with an acquisition system. To assess the involvement of oxidative stress, aortic rings were preincubated with T3 and subsequently submitted to an in vitro reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation system. The level of significance adopted in the statistical analysis was 5%. Results T3 (10-4 M) promoted vasorelaxation of phenylephrine precontracted aortic rings in both intact- and denuded-endothelium conditions. Aortic rings preincubated in the presence of T3 (10-4 M) also showed decreased vasoconstriction elicited by phenylephrine (1 µM) in intact-endothelium preparations. Moreover, T3 (10-4 M) vasorelaxation effect persisted in aortic rings preincubated with NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME, 10 µM), a nonspecific NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Finally, T3 (10-4 M) exhibited, in vitro, an antioxidant role by reducing NADPH oxidase activity and increasing SOD activity in the aorta's homogenates. Conclusion T3 exerts dependent- and independent-endothelium vasodilation effects, which may be related to its role in maintaining redox homeostasis.

Enhancement of tropane alkaloids biosynthesis in Atropa belladonna hariy root by overexpression of HnCYP82M3 and DsTRI genes / 药学学报

Tropane alkaloids (TAs) are a class of anticholinergic drugs widely used in clinical practice and mainly extracted from plant, among which Atopa belladonna is the main commercial drug source. It is of great industrial value to obtain TAs in large quantities by plant metabolic engineering. In TAs pathway, cytochrome oxidase CYP82M3 catalyze the synthesis of tropinone and then tropinone reductase I (TRI) compete with TRII for tropinone to form tropine leading to the TAs synthesis (drainage). In this study, based on the "increasing flow and drainage" metabolic engineering strategy, two genes, namely HnCYP82M3 and DsTRI from Hyoscyamus niger and Datura stramonium, respectively, were overexpressed in the hair roots of A. belladonna, with a view to promote the TAs accumulation. The HnCYP82M3 gene was cloned from the root of H. niger, and it encoded amino acid with 91.7% sequence identity with AbCYP82M3 from A. belladonna. Overexpression of HnCYP82M3 alone did not affect the content of TAs in hair roots of A. belladonna, indicating that CYP82M3 was not a key enzyme in TAs biosynthesis. Simultaneous overexpression of HnCYP82M3 and DsTRI greatly promoted the accumulation of the three TAs, and the contents of hyoscyamine, anisodamine and scopolamine were 4.97 times, 2.83 times and 2.19 times that of the control, respectively, and the increase amplitude was greater than that of single overexpression of DsTRI. This study showed that the "increasing flow and drainage" strategy of enzyme genes co-expression at branch points was a promising metabolic engineering method to effectively improve the biosynthesis of TAs in A. belladonna, and laid a theoretical and technical foundation for the large-scale industrial acquisition of TAs.

Research Progresses of Tri-Allelic Patterns in Autosomal STR in Forensic DNA Analysis / 法医学杂志

Tri-allelic pattern in autosomal STR is a common abnormal typing phenomenon in forensic DNA analysis, which brings difficulties and uncertainties to the evaluation of the evidence weight in actual cases. This paper reviews the types, formation mechanism, occurrence frequency, genetic pattern and quantitative evaluation of evidence of the tri-allelic pattern in autosomal STR in forensic DNA analysis. This paper mainly explains the formation mechanism and genetic patterns based on different types of tri-allelic pattern. This paper also discusses the determination of tri-allelic pattern and the quantitative method of evidence evaluation in paternity testing and individual identification. This paper aims to provide references for scientific and standardized analysis of this abnormal typing phenomenon in forensic DNA analysis.

Diseño de Estrategias para la Inclusión Laboral de Personas con Diversidad Funcional Cognitiva en la segunda Ciudad más importante del Huila / Design of Strategies for the Labor Inclusion of People with Cognitive Functional Diversity in the Second Most Important City in Huila

Resumen En el municipio de Pitalito-Huila (Colombia) se evidencia un alto grado de des conocimiento sobre la diversidad funcional cognitiva, generando una proble mática social que levanta barreras e impide la inclusión de personas en esta con dición. Es así que, el problema de inclusión laboral para personas con diversidad funcional surge del desconocimiento de esta condición, de la percepción errada sobre sus capacidades, de las deficiencias educativas en torno a las competen cias laborales y de la falta de intervención gubernamental en la divulgación de las políticas públicas de inclusión. Finalmente, se proponen estrategias bajo el modelo de innovación de la triple hélice para lograr efectividad en los procesos inclusivos de inserción social, educativa y laboral.

Abstract In the municipality of Pitalito, Huila, Colombia, there is a high degree of igno rance about cognitive functional diversity, by generating a social problem, which raises barriers and prevents the inclusion of people in this condition. Thus, the problem of labor inclusion for people with functional diversity arises from the lack of knowledge of this condition, from the wrong perception of their capabil ities, from the educational deficiencies regarding labor competencies and from the lack of governmental intervention in the dissemination of public policies for inclusion. Finally, strategies are proposed under the triple helix innovation mod el to achieve effectiveness in the inclusive processes of social, educational, and labor insertion.

Predictive Value of TIMI Risk Index for Angiographic No-reflow after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objective: In patients with acute coronary artery disease, the TIMI risk index (TRI), the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) risk score, and the global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) risk score (GRS) have all been documented. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between no-reflow (NRF) and admission TRI, major cardiac events (MACE), and in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (P-PCI). Methods: Between March and December 2019, 100 consecutive patients diagnosed with STEMI and treated with PPCI at Tanta Main University Hospital in Tanta, Egypt, were included in the research population. Each patient consented following a thorough history taking, evaluation of coronary risk factors, clinical examination, and electrocardiogram analysis. Additionally, all instances were classified using the Killip method. The GRS, TRS, and TRI values were examined. Results: The GRS, TRS, and TRI scores were significantly associated with increased NRF, MACE, and hospital mortality in STEMI patients treated with P-PCI, suggesting that TRI is a straightforward indicator with fewer parameters that accurately reflects P-PCI success. Conclusion: TRI has been demonstrated to enhance the risk of in-hospital mortality and MACE. TRI uses straightforward and cost-effective ways to test patients who have experienced a STEMI. Additionally, a high TRI may assist in identifying high-risk individuals and developing suitable treatment solutions.

Síndrome do T3 baixo como fator prognóstico em pacientes na unidade de terapia intensiva: estudo de coorte observacional / Low T3 syndrome as a prognostic factor in patients in the intensive care unit: an observational cohort study

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a síndrome do doente eutireóideo como fator prognóstico em pacientes na unidade de terapia intensiva, detectar fatores que possam influenciar a mortalidade e desenvolver uma equação para calcular a probabilidade de morte. Métodos: Este foi um estudo de coorte longitudinal, observacional e não concorrente realizado na unidade de terapia intensiva da Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará. Realizou-se coleta de 20mL de sangue em 100 adultos sem endocrinopatia previamente documentada para a dosagem do hormônio estimulante da tireoide, da tetraiodotironina livre, da tri-iodotironina livre e da tri-iodotironina reversa. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino, com idades entre 20 e 29 anos. A maioria dos pacientes que morreram era mais velha (idade mediana de 48 anos), e 97,5% deles possuíam a síndrome do doente eutireóideo. A síndrome do doente eutireóideo esteve relacionada à morte, às comorbidades, à idade e ao tempo de internação (mediana de 7,5 dias) na unidade de terapia intensiva. A baixa dosagem de hormônio estimulante da tireoide estava associada à morte. Os pacientes com dosagem da tri-iodotironina livre menor que 2,9pg/mL tinham maior probabilidade de morrer e, naqueles que morreram, a dosagem de tri-iodotironina reversa era maior que 0,2ng/mL. A tri-iodotironina livre apresentou maior sensibilidade e acurácia, e a tri-iodotironina reversa teve maior especificidade para prever a mortalidade. Com base nos resultados e pontos de corte, desenvolveu-se uma fórmula de regressão logística múltipla para calcular a probabilidade de morte. Conclusão: Sugere-se verificar oportunamente a dosagem da triiodotironina livre e reversa em pacientes graves e aplicar a equação proposta.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess euthyroid sick syndrome as a prognostic factor in patients in the intensive care unit; to detect factors that may affect mortality; and to develop an equation to calculate death probability. Methods: This was a longitudinal, observational, nonconcurrent cohort study developed in the intensive care unit of Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará. One hundred adults with no prior documented endocrinopathy were submitted to a 20mL blood sample collection for the measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone, free tetraiodothyronine, free triiodothyronine and reverse triiodothyronine. Results: Most patients were female, aged 20 to 29 years. Most patients who died were older (median age of 48 years), and euthyroid sick syndrome was present in 97.5% of them. Euthyroid sick syndrome was related to death, comorbidities, age and length of stay in the intensive care unit (median of 7.5 days). There was an association between lower thyroid stimulating hormone and death. Patients with free triiodothyronine levels below 2.9pg/mL were more likely to die; reverse triiodothyronine rates were above 0.2ng/mL in those who died. Free triiodothyronine had greater sensitivity and accuracy, and reverse triiodothyronine had greater specificity to predict mortality. Based on the results and cutoff points, a multiple logistic regression formula was developed to calculate the probability of death. Conclusion: The main limitation of this study is the fact that it was conducted in a reference hospital for maternal and child care; therefore, there was a greater number of female patients and, consequently, a sampling bias existed. However, opportune measurement of free and reverse triiodothyronine levels in critical patients and application of the proposed equation are suggested.

Interpretation of results obtained using real-time fluorescence PCR based on multiplex PCR fragment analysis for ABCB1 tri-allele / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo resolve the problems related to the abnormal interpretations of real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction （PCR） results for tri-allele， to formulate the interpretation methods of real-time fluorescence PCR by referring to multiplex PCR fragment analysis， so as to obtain an accurate， simple and cheap detection method for ABCB1 tri-allele. MethodsA total of 2 794 DNA samples were collected from Xi'an Mental Health Center from March 2020 to March 2021， and 5% of which were selected as experiments. Real-time fluorescence PCR method and multiplex PCR fragment analysis method were performed respectively. According to the comparison of Ct values of PCR curves and the comparison of base peak intensity in multiplex PCR fragment analysis， comparison and analysis were conducted on the interpretation results of the two methods， and samples with different interpretation results were verified， thereafter， PCR interpretation method was formulated. ResultsA total of 139 samples were collected， of which 120 alleles and 19 tri-allele were detected. The results of allele detection by two methods were absolutely consistent. In combination with the results of multiplex PCR fragment analysis， a method for the interpretation of real-time fluorescence PCR for 19 cases of tri-allele was developed as follows： when ∣∣Ct.G－Ct.T∣－∣Ct.G－Ct.A∣∣ in amplification curve was less than 3， the interpretation results were the combination of the base pairs with small Ct values； when ∣∣Ct.G－Ct.T∣－∣Ct.G－Ct.A∣∣ was greater than or equal to 3， the interpretation results were homozygotes from the base pairs with minimum Ct values. According to the interpretation method， the results of real-time fluorescence PCR were revised， and it showed 1 case of G/G， 1 case of A/A， 4 cases of T/G， 5 cases of T/A and 8 cases of T/T， which were consistent with the results of multiplex PCR fragment analysis. ConclusionReferring to the multiplex PCR fragment analysis method， the interpretation of ABCB1 tri-allele by real-time fluorescence PCR is developed， and the two interpretation methods are in good agreement.

A new interaction in an invasive plant in Brazil: Horismenus abnormicaulis (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) parasitizing Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) in seeds pods of Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae)

ABSTRACT The parasitism of Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) by the parasitoid Horismenus abnormicaulis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is described for the first time. We harvested 90 Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae) fruit pods, in June 2019 on the campus of the Federal University of Lavras in the municipality of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. We found 21 individuals of H. abnormicaulis and 334 of A. macrophthalmus. The presence of cephalic capsule of beetle's pupa and evidence of predation into seed pods from which the wasps emerged suggested H. abnormicaulis is a parasitoid of A. macrophthalmus. Horismenus abnormicaulis has been added to the list of A. macrophthalmus parasitoids, and its occurrence has been expanded to the state of Minas Gerais. This discovery expands our knowledge of H. abnormicaulis biology and distribution in Brazil, as well as the tri-trophic interaction, plant-herbivore-parasitoid in invasive plant systems.

Experimental nano calcium aluminate/tri calcium silicate root repair: Synthesis, physical and mechanical properties compared to mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine / Reparo radicular experimental de nano aluminato de cálcio/silicato de tri cálcio: Síntese, propriedades físicas e mecânicas em comparação com agregado de trióxido mineral e Biodentine

Objective: Endodontic perforation is a challenging mishap that should be repaired with a biocompatible material, Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine are the most commonly used repair materials. However, these materials are expensive, (MTA) has prolonged setting time and difficult manipulation. The purpose of this study is to prepare the experimental nano calcium-aluminate/tri-calcium-silicate (CA/C3S) material and comparing its physical properties with biodentine and MTA, to evaluate the experimental material eligibility to compete the commercial repair materials. And to perform part two (animal study) that will evaluate the cytotoxicity, the biocompatibility and the efficacy of (CA/C3S) in furcal perforation repair compared to diode laser. Material and Methods: A mixture of calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide was used to formulate calcium aluminate phase (CA), tri-calcium-Silicate phase (C3S) was formulated by firing of calcium carbonate and quartz. The produced powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction, then (CA) and (C3S) mixed with water.(CA/ C3S) compared with MTA and biodentine for setting-time, micro-hardness, dimensional-stability and solubility. Results: Mean setting time of (CA/C3S) was (32.70±0.75min) which is significantly higher than MTA and Biodentine. The Mean microhardness of (CA/C3S) was (56.50±7.41VHN) which has no statical difference with MTA and Biodentine. Solubility results showed weight increase for (CA/C3S) as following (6.29±3.05)and loss of weight for MTA and Biodentine. The percentage of change in dimensions for(CA/C3S) increased as following (0.64±0.78) while decreased for MTA and Biodentine. Conclusion: The experimental (CA/C3S) material showed good microhardness, dimensional stability and acceptable setting time that could be improved in further work (AU)

Objetivo: A perfuração endodôntica é um percalço desafiador que deve ser reparado com um material biocompatível, Agregado de trióxido mineral (MTA) e Biodentina são os materiais de reparo mais comumente usados. No entanto, esses materiais são caros, (MTA) tem tempo de presa prolongado e difícil manipulação. O objetivo deste estudo é preparar o material experimental de nano aluminato de cálcio/silicato tricálcico (CA/C3S) e comparar suas propriedades físicas com biodentina e MTA, para avaliar a elegibilidade do material experimental para competir com os materiais de reparo comerciais. E realizar a segunda parte (estudo animal) que avaliará a citotoxicidade, a biocompatibilidade e a eficácia do (CA/C3S) no reparo de perfuração de furca em comparação ao laser de diodo.Material e Métodos: Uma mistura de carbonato de cálcio e óxido de alumínio foi usada para formular a fase de aluminato de cálcio (CA), a fase tri-cálcio-silicato (C3S) foi formulada por queima de carbonato de cálcio e quartzo. Os pós produzidos foram investigados por difração de raios X, em seguida (CA) e (C3S) misturados com água. (CA/ C3S) comparados com MTA e biodentina para tempo de presa, microdureza, estabilidade dimensional e solubilidade. Resultados: O tempo médio de presa de (CA/C3S) foi (32,70±0,75min) que é significativamente maior que MTA e Biodentine. A microdureza média de (CA/C3S) foi (56,50±7,41VHN) que não tem diferença estática com MTA e Biodentine. Os resultados de solubilidade mostraram aumento de peso para (CA/C3S) conforme a seguir (6,29±3,05) e perda de peso para MTA e Biodentine. A porcentagem de mudança nas dimensões para (CA/C3S) aumentou como segue (0,64±0,78), enquanto diminuiu para MTA e Biodentine. Conclusão: O material experimental (CA/C3S) apresentou boa microdureza, estabilidade dimensional e aceitável tempo de presa, que pode ser melhorado em trabalhos futuros (AU)

Excess adiposity and low physical fitness hamper Supine-to-Stand test performance among sedentary adolescents

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between body adiposity and physical fitness with performance in the Supine-to-Stand test (STS-test) in sedentary adolescents. Methods: Sixty-two adolescents, of both sexes, between 10 and 16 years old, participated in the study. Body mass (BM), height, waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), right and left handgrip strength (HGS-right, HGS-left), abdominal resistance (ABDO), flexibility (FLEX), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) were measured. Body mass index (BMI), z-score BMI (BMI-z), tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. The STS-test was applied to evaluate the STS-MC by the movement patterns in the execution of the test. The STS-time in seconds (s) was categorized into terciles: fast (FG < 2.0 s), intermediate (IG = 2.0-2.6 s) and slow (SG > 2.6 s). One-way ANOVA, Chi-square, Spearman's correlation coefficient as well as non-parametric tests were used, with significance p 0.05. Results: The SG presented higher BMI, BMI-z, TMI, WHtR, FM, %FM, as well as lower averages for %FFM, HGS-right, HGS-left, FLEX, ABDO, VO2peak, VO2peak relative to BM (VO2peakBM) in relation to GF. The BMI, BMI-z, TMI, WC, WHtR and FM showed moderate and direct correlations with STS-time and inverse with STS-MC (p < 0.01). HGS-right, HGS-left, ABDO, and VO2peakBM showed moderate and an inverse correlation with STS-time (p < 0.05). The VO2peakBM was moderate and with direct correlations to STS-MC (p < 0.01). Conclusion: It is concluded that excess fat and low physical fitness hamper STS-test performance. Therefore, the STS-test can be used for screening students to assess MC.

Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Dependencia Específica del Cónyuge para Mujeres (EDEC-M) / Propriedades Psicométricas da Escala de Dependência Específica do Cônjuge para mulheres (EDEC-M) / Psychometric Properties of the Spouse Specific Dependency Scale for Women (SSDS-W)

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue adaptar y validar la Escala de Dependencia Específica del Cónyuge para Mujeres (EDEC-M) para su uso en el contexto brasileño, que consta de 30 ítems. En el estudio 1, participaron 347 mujeres. Se obtuvo una estructura de tres dimensiones: apego ansioso (α = .88), dependencia emocional (α = .80) y dependencia exclusiva (α = .72), con consistencia interna satisfactoria. En el segundo estudio, participaron 325 mujeres, se probaron tres modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados indicaron que el EDEC-M presentó mejores índices de ajuste en el modelo jerárquico de segundo orden: χ2 /df = 1.89; CFI = .95; TLI = .95; GFI = .95; RMSEA .05 y SRMR = 0.07. Este modelo fue apoyado por el Teoria de Respuesta al Item (TRI), que analizó una variación satisfactoria de la dificultad del ítem y permitió la construcción de un Mapa de ítems para la medición. Por lo tanto, el EDEC-M presentó propiedades psicométricas de validez de constructo para el contexto brasileño en mujeres.

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi adaptar e validar Escala de Dependência Específica do Cônjuge para Mulheres (EDEC-M) para utilização no contexto brasileiro, composto por 30 itens. No Estudo 1, contou-se com 347 mulheres. Obteve-se uma estrutura tri-dimensional: apego ansioso (α = 0,88), dependência emocional (α = 0,80) e dependência exclusiva (α = 0,72), com consistências internas satisfatórias. No segundo estudo, participaram 325 mulheres, foram testados três modelos de equações estruturais. Os resultados indicaram que a EDEC-M apresentou melhores índices de ajuste no modelo hierárquico de segunda ordem: χ2 /df = 1,89; CFI = 0,95; TLI = 0,95; GFI = 0,95; RMSEA 0,05 e SRMR = 0,07. Esse modelo foi suportado pela Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI), que analisou uma variação satisfatória de dificuldade dos itens e possibilitou a construção de um Mapa de Itens para a medida. Logo, a EDEC-M apresentou propriedades psicométricas de validade de construto para o contexto brasileiro em mulheres.

Abstract The aim of this research was to adapt and validate the Spouse Specific Dependency Scale for Women (SSDS-W) for use in the Brazilian context, which consists of 30 items. In study 1, 347 women participated. It was obtained a three- dimensional structure: anxiety attachment (α = .88), emotional dependence (α = .80) and exclusive dependence (α = .72), with satisfactory internal consistencies. In the second study, 325 women participated, and three structural equation models were tested. The results indicated that the EDEC-M presented better index adjustment in the second-order hierarchical model: χ2 /df = 1.89; CFI = .95; TLI = .95; GFI = .95; RMSEA .05 and SRMR = .07. This model was supported by Item Response Theory (IRT), which analyzed a satisfactory variation of the item difficulty and allowed the construction of an Item Map for the measure. Therefore, the EDEC-M presented satisfactory psychometric properties evidence of construct validity for the Brazilian context in women.

Asociación entre indicadores antropométricos y dislipidemia en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes de la ciudad de Caracas / Association between anthropometric indicators and dyslipidemia in adolescents and young adults in the city of Caracas

Tradicionalmente se han utilizado algunos índices antropométricos para el diagnóstico de exceso de peso en niños y adolescentes que han mostrado algunas desventajas por lo que se han postulado otros indicadores. En ese sentido, se plantea estimar el nivel de asociación entre indicadores antropométricos y la presencia de dislipidemia en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. Se realizó una investigación observacional, descriptiva y de corte transversal en 123 adolescentes (68,2% mujeres, edad promedio 14,5 años) y 122 adultos jóvenes (70,5% mujeres, edad promedio 21 años) de la ciudad de Caracas. Se calcularon Índices de Masa Corporal (IMC), Índice Cintura­Talla (ICT), Índice de Masa Corporal Abdominal (IMCA) e Índice de Masa Tri-Ponderal (IMT). Se obtuvo una muestra de sangre por punción venosa, en ayuno de 12 a 14 horas, a partir de la cual se cuantificó Colesterol Total, Lipoproteína de alta densidad y Triglicéridos. Se calculó la concentración de Lipoproteína de baja densidad por la fórmula de Friedewald, así como el índice LDL-C/HDL-C y el índice LogTg/HDL. Para el análisis e interpretación de los datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva univariante y multivariante. Los resultados revelaron que los índices antropométricos IMCA e IMT no mostraron mejor desempeño en predecir dislipidemia que los indicadores IMC, Circunferencia de Cintura (CC) e ICT en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. Los indicadores antropométricos de adiposidad abdominal, CC e ICT, tendieron a presentar mayores OR, ABC, sensibilidad y especificidad independientemente del grupo de estudio. En general, la capacidad de los indicadores antropométricos evaluados en predecir la presencia de dislipidemia en adultos jóvenes fue adecuada, situación que no se presentó en los adolescentes(AU)

Traditionally, some anthropometric indices have been used for the diagnosis of excess weight in children and adolescents, which have shown some disadvantages for which other indicators have been postulated. In this sense, it is proposed to estimate the level of association between anthropometric indicators and the presence of dyslipidemia in adolescents and young adults. An observational, descriptive cross-sectional investigation was carried out in 123 adolescents (68,2% women, media age 14,5 years) and 122 young adults (70,5% women, media age 21 years) from the city of Caracas. Body Mass Indices (BMI), Waist-Height Ratio (WHR), Abdominal Body Mass Index (BMAI) and Tri-Ponderal Mass Index (TMI) were calculated. A blood sample was obtained by venipuncture, fasting for 12 to 14 hours, from which Total Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein and Triglycerides were quantified. The low-density lipoprotein concentration was calculated by the FriedEwald formula, as well as the LDL-C / HDL-C index and the LogTg / HDL index. Univariate and multivariate descriptive statistics were used for the analysis and interpretation of the data. The results revealed that the BMI and TMI anthropometric indices did not show better performance in predicting dyslipidemia than the BMI, Waist Circumference (WC) and WHR indicators in adolescents and young adults. The anthropometric indicators of abdominal adiposity, WC and WHR, tended to present higher OR, AUC, sensitivity and specificity regardless of the study group. In general, the capacity of the anthropometric indicators evaluated to predict the presence of dyslipidemia in young adults was adequate, a situation that did not occur in adolescents(AU)

Sonographic features of Joubert syndrome in first or second trimester: report of two fetuses / 中华围产医学杂志

We report two cases of Joubert syndrome initially tentatively diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound in the first or second trimester which were thereafter confirmed by whole exome sequencing (WES). Case 1 was one of the twins who presented with increased intracranial transparency (IT) and thinner brainstem at 12 +1 gestational weeks. Ultrasound at 18 +2 weeks found multiple intracranial malformations, "molar tooth sign (MTS)" at the midbrain-hindbrain junction level in the cerebral cross section, and bilateral ventriculomegaly. Enlarged and echogenic kidneys and oligohydramnios were also detected. In case 2, ultrasound image at 17 +5 weeks of gestation indicated multiple intra-and extra cranial and extracranial malformations, MTS in the midbrain-hindbrain junction plane, bilateral ventriculomegaly, unclear cavum septum pellucidum. Extracranial anomalies were bilateral multicystic enlarged kidneys, invisible bladder, and oligohydramnios. Both fetuses underwent amniocentesis, which showed normal karyotype and no copy number variation was detected. However, variation of the TMEM67 gene (c.312+5G>A at introns 2 and c.1175C>G at exon12) was detected in both fetuses by WES, supporting the diagnosis of Joubert syndrome. Selective reduction and termination of pregnancy were performed on case 1 and case 2 at 18 +5 and 19 weeks of gestation, respectively.

Comparison and analysis of early effect of tri-focal and mono-focal intraocular lens implantation on the visual quality of patients with age-related cataract after surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To observe the early visual quality of the tri-focal and the mono-focal intraocular lens(IOLs)implantation in patients with age-related cataract, under comparison and analysis.<p>METHODS: A retrospective research design. Totally 168 eyes of 119 age-related cataract patients who underwent cataract phacoemulsification combined with tri-focal and mono-focal IOLs implantation surgery in the cataract department from June 2018 to January 2021 were enrolled. In tri-focal and mono-focal group, 61 eyes of 44 cases and 107 eyes of 75 cases. One month after phacoemulsification combined with IOLs implantation, visual acuity, visual quality and contrast sensitivity were inspected. All data were under statistical analysis.<p>RESULTS: On LogMAR uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA),uncorrected intermediate visual acuity(UIVA), uncorrected near visual acuity(UNVA), best corrected distance visual acuity(BDVA), distance corrected intermediate visual acuity(DIVA), distance corrected near visual acuity(DNVA), tri-focal group were extremely better than mono-focal group(all <i>P</i><0.001). In terms of visual quality, the scores of modulation transfer function(MTF)cut-off frequency, optical scatter index(OSI), Strehl ratio(SR), tri-focal group were significantly higher than mono-focal group(all <i>P</i><0.05). On 18 cycle/degree(cpd)spatial frequency under dark and light adaptation conditions, contrast sensitivity scores of the mono-focal group was significantly better than those of the tri-focal group(<i>P</i><0.001). Based on the questionnaire with the VF/QOF scale, the daily life experience scores and off-glass index, the tri-focal group was significantly better than that of the mono-focal group(<i>P</i><0.05), and incidence of glare was no significant difference between the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Tri-focal IOLs can provide a full range of relatively better vision and visual quality in patients after age-related cataract phacoemulsification combined with IOLs implantation, and perform well under different conditions.

Influence of three kinds of intraocular lens on vision and visual quality of patients with age-related cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To analyze the influence of trifocal lens(AT LISA tri 839MP), Lenstec SBL-3 intraocular lens(IOL)and T SPHERIS 209M monofocal IOL implantation on vision and visual quality of patients with age-related cataract(ARC). <p>METHODS: Totally 114 patients(114 eyes)with ARC undergoing elective surgical treatment in the hospital between October 2018 and April 2019 were enrolled in the prospective clinical study. They were divided into LISA tri group, SBL group and monofocal group with 38 cases(38 eyes)in each group. They were treated with trifocal IOL(AT LISA tri 839MP), Lenstec SBL-3 IOL and CT SPHERIS 209M monofocal IOL, respectively. The corneal endothelium, vision and visual quality before operation and 3mo after operation were compared. <p>RESULTS:Three months after operation, no significant changes in corneal endothelial cell density(ECD), central corneal thickness(CCT)and the proportion of hexagonal cells in the three groups compared with preoperation(<i>P</i>>0.05), while the uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity(UCIVA)and uncorrected near visual acuity(UCNVA)were significantly improved(<i>P</i><0.001). UCDVA, UCIVA and UCNVA of LISA tri group were(0.11±0.03)LogMAR,(0.17±0.05)and(0.09±0.02), which of SBL group were(0.12±0.02, 0.19±0.05, 0.08±0.02), all significantly better than(0.21±0.04, 0.24±0.07, 0.15±0.03)in monofocal group(<i>P</i><0.05). 3mo after operation, the near off-glasses rate and visual satisfaction in LISA tri group were 92% and 97%, which in SBL group were 95% and 92%, all significantly higher than 66% and 68% in monofocal group(<i>P</i><0.017). Compared with preoperation, the visual function and quality of life(VF-QOL)scores of the three groups significantly increased(<i>P</i><0.001), which were significantly higher in LISA tri group and SBL group than in monofocal group(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Trifocal IOL(AT LISA tri-839MP)and Lenstec SBL-3 multifocal IOL implantation is superior to monofocal IOL in the treatment of patients with ARC, which can effectively improve vision and visual quality.

Pulsatile varicose veins: an uncommon presentation of a common condition / Varizes pulsáteis: uma apresentação incomum de uma condição comum

Abstract Varicose veins of the lower limbs are common. However, pulsatile varicose veins are unusual. They could be an indicator of a sinister underlying pathology, such as severe cardiac dysfunction. It is easy to miss these rare cases during clinical workup, which can result in futile treatment with potentially dangerous consequences. In this report, we describe 2 cases of pulsatile varicose veins that highlight different etiologies and management strategies for this condition.

Resumo Varizes dos membros inferiores são comuns. Entretanto, varizes pulsáteis são raras, podendo ser indicadoras de uma patologia subjacente sombria como disfunção cardíaca grave. É fácil deixar passar esses casos raros durante exames clínicos, o que pode resultar em tratamento fútil com consequências potencialmente perigosas. Neste relato, descrevemos dois casos de varizes pulsáteis que evidenciam as diferentes etiologias e estratégias de manejo para essa condição.

Occurrence of Heilipus draco (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in seeds of Ocotea puberula (Lauraceae) and its influence on germination

ABSTRACT This study aims to report the occurrence of Heilipus draco in seeds of Ocotea puberula, and to describe the main injuries caused to the seeds and the effects on germination, as well as the occurrence of parasitoid hymenopterans. To this end, fruits of seven trees were selected, in the extreme south of the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Fruit collection was carried out weekly in the middle third of the canopy, forming lots, from the beginning of fruit formation until total dehiscence, for two years. In order to examine the damage caused by the granivorous insects inside the fruits, 100 fruits were sectioned taking into account the batch/year with the aid of a scalpel and analyzed using a binocular stereomicroscope. In the same way, 144 fruits from each lot/year were stored individually in transparent plates in order to verify the occurrence and identification of species of granivorous insects. The proof of the influence of the injury caused to the seeds by the granivorous insects was carried out by the germination test, with four replications of 25 seeds, comparing seeds with and without oviposition holes. The species H. draco was found to be associated with the fruits of O. puberula. The egg-layings are endophytic, carried out directly on the seed. Larval parasitism of Hymenoptera Bracon, Omeganastatus, Scambus and Triapsis was observed. It is concluded that the cycle from egg to adult takes place inside the seed of O. puberula, and the injuries caused by the larvae decrease germination.

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection among outdoor patients and indoor patients of tertiary care institute, Bathinda, Punjab, India

Background: Hepatitis virus infections have many serious consequences like chronic hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cancer. Serological test is thus necessary to identify hepatitis virus in the body. An observational study was conducted with an objective to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies by rapid card tests and to find the prevalence of co-infection with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses from January 2019 to June 2019.Methods: Blood samples were received from patients irrespective of age and sex, constituted the material for the present study. All samples were tested on hepacard and tri-dot card for the detection of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus and results were interpreted as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results: Out of 3488 samples, 254 samples were positive for hepatitis virus infection. Out of these 254 samples positive for hepatitis viruses, 22 (0.6%) patients were positive for hepatitis B virus and 232 (6.6%) patients were positive for hepatitis C virus. Only 2 (0.7%) of these patients showed co-infection with both viruses.Conclusions: Male patients showed more positivity of hepatitis virus as compared to females. Patients were more from outpatient department (OPD) as compared to inpatient department (IPD). Hepatitis virus infection was found to be highest in the age group 21-40 and lowest in the age group above 80 years. Both the co-infected patients were males and from IPD.

Propriedades Psicométricas de uma Medida de Abuso Psicológico na Parceira / Propiedades Psicométricas de una Medida de Abuso Psicológico en la Pareja / Psychometric Properties of a Measurement of Psychological Abuse in Couples

Resumo 0 abuso psicológico é caracterizado pela degradação e pelo controle do parceiro que levam ao desrespeito entre eles. Objetivou-se reunir evidências de validade da Escala de Abuso Psicológico na Parceira (eap-p) em mulheres brasileiras. 0 estudo foi dividido em dois. Do Estudo 1, participaram 303 mulheres e realizaram-se análise fatorial exploratória e consistência interna. Os achados corroboraram para uma estrutura bifatorial: estratégias diretas do abuso psicológico e estratégias indiretas do abuso psicológico, com alfas iguais a .92 e .89, respectivamente. Do Estudo 2, participaram 380 mulheres, com a realização de análise confirmatória, e avaliaram-se os parâmetros dos itens mediante a Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI). Os resultados apontaram que o modelo bifactor apresentou melhores índices de ajuste, além de bons índices de confiabilidade composta de .90 e variância média extraída (.51 e .50), e indicaram, através da TRI, boa capacidade de avaliar a porção central do contínuo de abuso psicológico. A EAP-P se apresentou como um instrumento válido e consistente para detectar e medir a violência psicológica em mulheres.

Resumen El maltrato psicológico se caracteriza por la degradación y el control de la pareja que conllevan al irrespeto entre ambos. El propósito fue reunir evidencias de la validez de la Escala de Abuso Psicológico en la Pareja (EAP-P, en portugués) en mujeres brasileñas. El estudio se dividió en dos. En el Estudio 1 participaron 303 mujeres, con cuya muestra se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio y de consistencia interna. Los hallazgos corroboran una estructura bifactorial: estrategias directas del abuso psicológico y estrategias indirectas del abuso psicológico, con alfas iguales a .92 y .89, respectivamente. En el Estudio 2 participaron 380 mujeres, muestra con la que se realizó un análisis confirmatorio, y se validaron los parámetros de los ítems mediante la Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem (TRI). Los resultados señalan que el modelo bifactor presentó mejores índices de ajuste, además de buenos índices de fiabilidad compuesta de .90 y varianza promedia extraída (.51 e .50), e indicaron, por medio de la tri, alta capacidad de evaluar la porción central del continuo de abuso psicológico. La EAP-P se mostró como un instrumento válido y consistente para detectar y medir la violencia psicológica en mujeres.

Abstract Psychological abuse is characterized by the degradation and control of the partner, which leads to mutual disrespect. The purpose of the study was to collect evidence regarding the validity of the Scale of Psychological Abuse in Couples (EAP-P, in Spanish) in Brazilian women. The study was divided into two parts. A sample of 303 women participated in Study 1, and exploratory factor and internal consistency analyses were carried out on that sample. Findings corroborate a bifactor structure: direct strategies of psychological abuse and indirect strategies of psychological abuse, with alphas equal to .92 and .89, respectively. A sample of 380 women participated in Study 2, a confirmatory analysis was carried out, and the parameters of the items were validated using Item Response Theory (IRT). The results show that the bifactor model featured better adjustment indexes, in addition to good composite reliability indexes of .90 and average variance extracted (.51 and .50). Through IRT, they also showed a high capacity to assess the central portion of the psychological abuse continuum. EAP-P proved to be a valid and consistent instrument to detect and measure psychological violence in women.

Análise de estrutura interna do Inventário de Depressão Maior (MDI) / Internal structure analysis of the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) / Análisis de estructura interna del Inventario de Depresión Mayor (MDI)

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as qualidades psicométricas do Inventário de Depressão Maior (MDI). O MDI foi aplicado em 714 estudantes universitários e em 12 pessoas com diagnóstico de depressão. Realizaram-se análises de estrutura interna via TCT e TRI, bem como confiabilidade, sensibilidade e especificidade. A solução unidimensional foi a mais coerente teoricamente e os parâmetros via TCT adequados, com confiabilidade de 0,89. Já, via TRI, nem todos os parâmetros adequados foram respeitados, tais como índices de infit e outfit, além de categorias de respostas não discriminativas. Os índices de acurácia também demonstraram limitações, principalmente com relação aos falsos negativos (especificidade de 63,9). Assim, sugere-se a realização de novos estudos analisando-se os dados via TRI, bem como um grupo clínico maior, diagnosticados com entrevista estruturada padrão.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the psychometric qualities of the Major Depression Inventory (MDI). The MDI was applied to 714 university students and 12 people diagnosed with depression. Internal structure analyses were performed using TCT and IRT, as well as reliability, sensitivity, and specificity. The one-dimensional solution was the most coherent theoretically and the parameters via suitable TCT, with a reliability of 0.89. Already, via IRT, not all appropriate parameters were respected, such as infit and outfit indexes, as well as categories of non-discriminative responses. Accuracy indexes also showed limitations, especially concerning false negatives (specificity of 63.9). Thus, it is suggested to perform new studies analyzing the data via IRT, as well as a larger clinical group, diagnosed with a standard structured interview.

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar las calidades psicométricas del Inventario de Depresión Mayor (MDI). El MDI fue aplicado en 714 estudiantes universitarios y en 12 personas con diagnóstico de depresión. Se realizaron análisis de estructura interna vía TCT y TRI, así como confiabilidad, sensibilidad y especificidad. La solución unidimensional fue la más coherente teóricamente y los parámetros vía TCT adecuados, con confiabilidad de 0,89. En cambio, a través de TRI, no se respetaron todos los parámetros adecuados, tales como índices de infit y outfit, además de categorías de respuestas no discriminatorias. Los índices de exactitud también demostraron limitaciones, principalmente con relación a los falsos negativos (especificidad de 63,9). Así, se sugiere la realización de nuevos estudios analizando los datos vía TRI, así como un grupo clínico mayor, diagnosticados con entrevista estructurada estándar.