RESUMO
In Chad, enteric fever remains a major public health problem where it is still endemic due to the precariousness of life hygiene combined with the abusive and inappropriate use of antibiotics. Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antisalmonella and antioxidant activity of extracts from the leaves and stem bark of B. rufescens. Methods: Phytochemical screening of these extracts was performed by standard methods to justify the observed activities. The antisalmonella activity was evaluated using the liquid microdilution method. Antioxidant activity of these extracts was determined by investigating their 1, 1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH?) antiradical and iron reducing capacities. Results: The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) were varied from 256 to 1024 µg/ml. The 95% hydroethanolic extract of the leaves exhibited higher DPPH? antiradical activity than all extracts and IC50s ? 20 ?g/ml for all extracts tested. Conclusion: These results showed that the 95% hydroethanolic extract of B. rufescens leaves possess in vitro antisalmonella and antioxidant activities and could be used for in vivo antisalmonella and antioxidant studies.
RESUMO
Resumen En el desarrollo histórico de la fiebre tifoidea en Chile, destaca su confusión con otras patologías infecciosas, especialmente con el tifus exantemático, problema que se resolvió mayormente con ocasión de la epidemia de 1918 de dicha enfermedad. Además se resalta la importancia del tratamiento con cloranfenicol, que significó una mejoría extraordinaria de las fiebres tifo-paratíficas, además de las acciones de salud pública y educación sanitaria, que permitieron prácticamente terminar con dichas patologías infecciosas en el país.
During the historical development of typhoid fever in Chile, its confusion with other infectious diseases is particularly noteworthy, especially with murine typhus, a problem that was mainly resolved during the 1918 epidemic. The importance of chloramphenicol treatment is also highlighted, which meant an enormous improvement in typhoid/paratyphoid fevers, in combination with public health and health education actions that allowed to almost eliminate these infectious diseases in our country.