Bioprospección de los hiperparásitos cicinobolus cesatii de bary y eudarluca caricis (Biv.) O.E. Erikss sobre cultivos y plantas adyacentes en la región central de Guatemala / Bioprospecting of fungal hyperparasites cicinobolus cesatii de bary and eudarluca caricis (Biv.) O.E. Erikss on crops and adjacent plants in central region of Guatemala

Se realizó una bioprospección para detectar los hiperparásitos Cicinobolus cesatii y Eudarluca caricis en la región central de Guatemala para establecer la presencia y la obtención de cepas prometedoras para control biológico. Setecientos seis muestras de plantas silvestres y cultivadas fueron analizadas, en 16 se detectó C. cesatii y en 46 E. caricis. Las regiones con más detecciones de ambos hiperparásitos fueron San Juan Comalapa y Tecpán Guatemala del departamento de Chimaltenango, emergiendo como una región con alto potencial biológico y variabilidad. Se obtuvieron aislamientos e hicieron comparaciones de estructuras reproductivas y se estableció que existe variabilidad a través de análisis estadístico que marcó diferencias significativas al 5% de significancia al comparar entre cepas de la misma localidad y entre localidades, además de la diferencia entre origen vegetal. También se estableció que hay cepas promisorias de C. cesatii aislado de Physalis sp. y E. caricis aislado de Prunus sp., Zea mays y Phaseolus vulgaris. El estudio pone de manifiesto el potencial de presencia de ambos agentes sobre plantas silvestres o áreas sin aplicación de fungicidas.

Bioprospecting was performed to detect hyperparasites Cicinobolus cesatii and Eudarluca caricis in central region of Guatemala to establish their presence and obtain promising strains to be use in biological control. Seven hundred and six samples from wild and cultivated plants were analyzed; C. cesatii was detected in 16 samples, and 46 cases of E. caricis. Both hyperparasites were identified in San Juan Comalapa and Tecpan of Chimaltenango County, having high biological potential and variability. Reproductive structures comparison of the different isolates was made and its variability was established through statistical analysis showing significant differences when they were compare between strains from the same site and between sites, also they showed difference between plant origins. These strains such as C. cesatii from Physalis sp. and E. caricis from Prunus sp., Zea mays and Phaseolus vulgaris have a high potential. This research showed a high presence of both agents on wild plants or areas without application of fungicides.

Calidion bombacis, a new combination for Uredo bombacis with the record of Bombacopsisglabra (Bombacaceae) as a new host from Brazil / Calidion bombacis, uma nova combinação para Uredo bombacis e o relato de Bombacopsisglabra (Bombacaceae), como um novo hospedeiro no Brasil

The new combination Calidion bombacis is proposed for the rust species formerly known as Uredobombacis. This nomenclatural change is based on the examination of newly collected material of this fungus from a new host, Bombacopsisglabra from Brazil, and reexamination of the isotype. Until now this fungus was only known to occur in Asia (China, India and Sri Lanka). Therefore, this is also the first record of this fungus from the Neotropics.

A combinação nova Calidion bombacis é proposta para a ferrugem anteriormente conhecida como Uredo bombacis. Esta modificação nomenclatural é proposta baseada no exame de material deste fungo coletado em um novo hospedeiro, Bombacopsisglabra (Bombacaceae) no Brasil e reexame do isotipo. Até então este fungo tinha sido relatado apenas na Ásia (China, Índia e Sri Lanka). Portanto, este é o primeiro relato deste fungo nos Neotrópicos.