Cognition of remote consultation of pneumoconiosis and analysis of influencing factors on its use intention / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cognition of remote consultation of pneumoconiosis and analysis of influencing factors on its use intention. METHODS: A total of 282 physicians from 216 hospitals were selected using a convenient sampling method. The cognition of remote consultation of pneumoconiosis was investigated using the Questionnaire of Use Intention of Remote Consultation Mode in the Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis. A structural equation model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the willingness to use remote consultation. RESULTS: The average scores in the dimensions of subjective norms, attitude, trust, uncertainty, compatibility, comparative advantage, complexity, perceived risk and use intention of remote consultation for pneumoconiosis were(3.7±0.9),(3.7±0.8),(3.5±0.8),(3.7±0.9),(3.7±0.9),(3.8±0.9),(3.0±0.8) and(3.5±0.8), respectively. Structural equation model analysis results showed that, on use intention of remote consultation, the perceived risk and uncertainty had significant negative impact(standardized path coefficient=-0.148 and-0.828, respectively, P<0.01), and compatibility had a significant positive impact(standardized path coefficient=2.053, P<0.01). There was no significant effect of dimensions of subjective norms, attitude, trust, comparative advantage and complexity on use intention(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Perceived risk, uncertainty and compatibility are the main factors affecting the willingness to use remote consultation for pneumoconiosis. Remote consultation for pneumoconiosis is helpful to meet the needs of pneumoconiosis diagnosis in all hospitals.

Effect of Motivations and Attitudes toward Nutrition Information on College Students' Use Intentions of Menu Labeling at University Dining Services

A menu labeling initiative is a lawful regulation with an aim to promote public health by providing customers the right to make informed menu choices. As college years are a critical period in which students form dietary habits, which are sustained throughout their lives, provision of nutritional information at the university dining services is important to students' health and life. Due to the lack of research on menu labeling at university dining services, the purpose of this study was to examine college students' attitudes and motivations toward menu labeling at university dining services, as well as their use intentions toward nutrition information at university dining services. Data were collected from a self-administered survey distributed to 484 college students who had experienced university dining services. Motivations of university students toward menu labeling were categorized into ‘knowledge pursuit’ and ‘health pursuit’. Students' attitudes toward menu labeling had a positive effect on their intention to use menu labeling at university dining services. The findings of the study indicated that female students, or those who frequently used nutrition information, tended to have higher attitudes, motivations, and use intentions toward nutrition information. The study results suggest that facilitation of healthy eating environments at university dining services by offering nutrition information, and nutrition and health education is necessary.

Actitud, intención y uso de bebidas alcohólicas / Attitudes, Intentions and Alcoholic Beverages Consumption

El exceso de bebidas alcohólicas es considerado un problema de salud pública en todo el mundo. Varios investigadores han abordado este problema y una de las mejores maneras de conocerlo es mediante el análisis de las actitudes. Las actitudes frente al uso de alcohol son consistentes en la predicción del uso de alcohol, pero la intención de uso puede mediar estas relaciones. Con este objetivo en cuestión, se buscó probar este modelo de mediación: las actitudes frente el uso de alcohol → intención de uso de alcohol → uso de alcohol. Participaron de la pesquisa 220 estudiantes de escuelas públicas y privadas del Distrito Federal, igualmente distribuidos por sexo, con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y 42 años, siendo la mayoría jóvenes. Los principales resultados mostraron correlaciones entre las medidas de actitudes frente al uso de alcohol, intención de uso y uso y se corroboró además el modelo de mediación parcial. Tales resultados son comparados con investigaciones previas y sugerencias son realizadas para avanzar en la predicción del uso de alcohol por las actitudes.

The abuse of alcohol beverages is considered a public health problem worldwide. Several researchers have been addressing this problem and one of the best ways to know it is by surveying attitudes. The attitudes toward alcohol use are consistent predictors of alcohol use, but the intended use may mediate these relations. With this goal in question, we sought to test this mediation model: attitudes toward alcohol use → alcohol use's intention → alcohol use. A total of 220 students participated in the study of public and private high schools of the Federal District, Brazil, equally distributed by gender, with ages ranging from 12 to 42 years, the majority of young people. It is shown correlations between measures of attitudes toward alcohol use, intended use and use and is further corroborated the model of partial mediation. These results are compared with previous research and suggestions in advance to the prediction of alcohol use by the attitudes.

El papel de los padres en la salud sexual de sus hijos / The Role of Parents in their Children's Sexual Health

Los propósitos de este estudio fueron identificar las variables que predicen la intención de usar condón en adolescentes sin experiencia sexual, y conocer el papel que desempeñan los padres en dichas variables. Se obtuvo información de 290 estudiantes y sus padres (n=290) mediante un instrumento de autoinforme. Los resultados mostraron que los jóvenes tienen mayor intención de usar condón en la medida que se perciben capaces de usarlo (autoeficacia). Los padres tuvieron una influencia en variables mediadoras de la autoeficacia a través de sus conocimientos sobre uso del condón, estereotipos hacia el cuidado de la salud sexual, expectativas positivas hacia la comunicación y mediante la comunicación que establecen con sus hijos sobre relaciones sexuales. Los resultados de esta investigación se discuten considerando la importancia de contar con medidas de autoinforme tanto de los padres como de sus hijos y su pertinencia para el establecimiento de relación entre ambos. Se enfatiza el papel que desempeñan los padres en variables precursoras de la conducta sexual protegida de sus hijos y se analizan las implicaciones de este estudio en programas de intervención orientados a la prevención.

The purposes of this study were to identify the predictors of intention to use condoms in sexually inexperienced adolescents, and to know the role of parents in these variables. Information was obtained from 290 students and their parents (n = 290) using a self-report instrument. The results showed that young people have greater intention to use condoms when they perceive able to use it (self-efficacy). The parents had an influence on mediating variables of self-efficacy through their knowledge of condom use, stereotypes to the sexual health care, positive expectations of communication and through communication they have with their children about sex. The results of this research are discussed considering the importance of self-report measures of both parents and their children and their impact on the development of their relationship. The authors emphasize the role of parents in precursor variables protected sexual behavior of their children and discusses the implications of this study in intervention programs aimed at preventing sexual health problems in young sexually inexperienced.

Representações e intenção de uso da fitoterapia na atenção básica à saúde / Representations and use intention of phytoterapy in primary health care

O presente estudo observacional, de caráter exploratório, objetivou conhecer as representações e a utilização da fitoterapia na atenção básica à saúde e os fatores relacionados à intenção de uso dessa terapia. A população em estudo foi composta por 27 médicos do Programa de Saúde da Família no município de Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa foi realizada através de um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada abrangendo: conceitualização, experiências com fitoterápicos e fitoterapia na atenção básica. Tais temas originaram subcategorias como atitudes, percepção de pares, controle sobre a prescrição e intenção de uso de fitoterápicos na atenção básica. Os resultados demonstraram que os médicos não possuem conhecimento institucionalizado sobre o assunto; maior intenção de uso vincula-se ao conhecimento dos profissionais sobre essa modalidade terapêutica, decorrente da crença em sua comprovação científica. Para a institucionalização da fitoterapia na atenção básica, faz-se necessária maior divulgação de estudos acerca da comprovação científica, além de investimentos na capacitação dos profissionais. Dessa forma, a população poderá se beneficiar da fitoterapia, como uma alternativa mais acessível aos cuidados da saúde.

The current observational study of investigative characteristics aimed to identify the representations and the use of phytotherapy on the primary health care and the factors related to the intention of use of this therapy. The population for this study was composed by 27 physicians from the Family Health Program in the city of Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. This quality approach research was developed through a semi structured interviewing process embracing: conceptualization, experiences with phytotherapics and phytotherapy on primary health care. Such topics have brought up subcategories like attitudes, peers perception, control over prescription and intention of use of phytotherapics on primary care. The results have shown that the physicians do not have an institutional knowledge about the subject; a greater intention of use is related to the knowledge of the professionals on this therapeutic modality, based on the belief of its scientific evidence. In order to institutionalize phytotherapy in primary health care a more spread promotion of the studies on scientific evidences is necessary, as well as investments in improvements of professional skills. Thus, the general population will be able to benefit from phytotherapy as a more accessible alternative to health care.