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Objective @#To study the anatomical characteristics of the root and root canal system of the mandibular second permanent molar in the Uygur people and provide a reference for clinical practice.@*Methods @#A total of 125 mandibular second permanent molars were extracted from Uygur patients in hospitals in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Three-dimensional reconstruction was performed after micro-CT scanning. The number of root canals, the root canal type (Weine classification and Fan′s C-shaped canal classification) and the occurrence of lateral accessory canals were observed.@*Results @#A sex difference was not detected in the root number or root form (χ2 = 1.277, P = 0.259). The incidence of 2-rooted molars was 70.4% (n = 88); type 2-1 canals were most common in the mesial root, with an incidence of 29.5%, followed by type 1-1 and 2-2 canals (each with an incidence of 26.1%), and the distal root mostly had a type 1-1 canal (96.6%). The incidence of single-rooted molars was 28.8%, and the frequency of C-shaped (n = 28) and non-C-shaped (n = 8) single-rooted molars was 22.4% and 6.4%, respectively. A three-rooted molar was detected in one case. The incidence of accessory canals was 65.2%.@*Conclusion @# Uygur mandibular second molars are mainly composed of two roots, and the incidence of a single root and root canal fusion is low (including C-shaped canals). Two-rooted molars frequently have two mesial canals and one distal canal.
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Objective To analyze the positive rate of autoantibodies in Xinjiang Uygur patients with different types of auto‐immune liver disease and its diagnostic value .Methods Fifty‐one Uygur outpatients and inpatients with of autoimmune liver disease in our hospital from October 2012 to October 2014 were selected ,including 20 cases of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH ,AIH group) and 31 cases of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC ,PBC group) .The indirect immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect the serum biochemical indexes and autoantobodies ,and the comparative analysis was performed .Results The levels of various bio‐chemical indexes in the two groups were increased ,in which ALT ,γ‐GT ,ALP and IgM levels had statistical difference between the two groups(P<0 .05) .The positive rates of ANA ,SMA ,LKM‐1 antibody ,LC‐1 antibody ,SDLA/LP antibody and AMA in the AIH group were 65 .0% ,40 .0% ,10 .0% ,5 .0% ,10 .0% and 5 .0% respectively ;the positive rates of ANA ,AMA and M2 subtype (AMA‐M2) in the PBC group were 61 .3% ,100 .0% and 96 .8% respectively .Conclusion The autoantibodies spectrum in Xinjiang Uygur patients with autoimmune liver diseases has certain characteristics .The autoantibodies spectrum detection has an important significance for the diagnosis ,classification and differential diagnosis of autoimmune liver diseases .