Comparação entre os valores da amplitude de distribuição de diâmetro dos eritrócitos e do volume corpuscular médio com a citometria de eritrócitos em cães com leishmaniose / Comparison of amplitude values of the diameter distribution of erythrocyte volume and mean corpuscular cytometry with erythrocytes in dogs with leishmaniasis

A leishmaniose é uma zoonose de caráter endêmico que acomete diferentes espécies animal, dentre elas os cães. Como auxílio no diagnóstico e prognóstico do paciente é rotineiramente solicitado o hemograma, que é caracterizado por uma anemia do tipo normocítica e normocrômica. Os valores de volume corpuscular médio (VCM) e concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular médio (CHCM) são os padrões utilizados para a classificação da anemia, no entanto, nos últimos anos começou-se a utilizar a amplitude de distribuição de diâmetro dos eritrócitos (RDW) para diferenciar as anemias em regenerativas e arregenerativas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo comparar os valores de RDW e do VCM com a citometria eritrocitária em cães com leishmaniose. Foram colhidos sangue de 19 cães de diferentes raças e idades. As amostras sanguíneas foram processadas em equipamento automático para obtenção dos valores de VCM e RDW e posteriormente confeccionados esfregaços sanguíneos para contagem e medição de cem células eritrocitárias de cada lâmina. Para avaliar a dispersão entre os valores de hemácias utilizou-se o coeficiente linear de Pearson. Os valores de RDW mostraram-se mais sensíveis a anemia do que o VCM, quando comparados a citometria eritrocitária.(AU)

Leishmaniasis is an endemic zoonosis that affects different animals species, among them the dogs. As an aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of the patient is routinely asked the CBC, which is characterized by anemia normocytic and normochromic type. The mean corpuscular volumes (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) are the standards used for the classification of anemia, however, in recent years begun to use the amplitude diameter distribution of red blood cells (RDW) to distinguish anemias in regenerative and arregenerativas. This study aims to compare the RDW and MCV values with the erythrocyte cytometry in dogs with leishmaniasis. blood of 19 dogs of different breeds and ages were collected. The blood samples were processed in automatic equipment to obtain the MCV and RDW and later made blood smears for counting and measuring erythrocyte hundred cells from each slide. To evaluate the dispersion between the RBC values used the linear coefficient of Pearson. The RDW were more sensitive to anemia than VCM as compared with erythrocyte cytometry.(AU)

Urinary Excretion of Thiodiglycolic Acid According to Sampling Time in Workers Exposed to Vinyl Chloride Monomer / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: The study was performed to investigate the changes of urinary thiodiglycolic acid (TDGA) concentration in workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) according to the time of sampling urine. METHODS: The personal exposure to airborne VCM was assessed and urinary TDGA concentration was sampled in 31 workers employed in a VCM and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) manufacturing factory. Urinary TDGA was sampled three times: before the start of the shift after 3 days off (TDGA1), after the end of the first-day shift (TDGA2) and before starting the following day shift after completing the oneday shift (TDGA3). Urinary TDGA in 30 workers who had not been exposed to airborne VCM was sampled after the end of the shift. A gas chromatography/pulsed flame photometric detector (GC/PFPD) was utilized to analyze TDGA concentration in urine after the urine was methylated with trimethylsilyldiazomethane(2.0M in diethyl ether). RESULTS: The creatinine level was 0.179+/-0.271 mg/g in the control workers and 0.218+/-0.443 mg/g in the workers before the start of the shift after 3 days off (TDGA1), showing no significant difference (p=0.7035). Urine samples were compared according to sampling time in order to investigate the change of urinary TDGA concentration in the case of continuous exposure to airborne VCM. In VCM-exposed workers, urinary creatinine concentration was 0.434+/-0.623 mg/g in TDGA2 and 0.767+/-1.056 mg/g in TDGA3, which indicated a gradual but significant increase (p=0.024). In terms of the statistical correlation between airborne VCM and urinary TDGA to evaluate exposure dose per day, of the three urinary TDGA concentrations, TDGA3 showed the highest degree of regression (R(2)=0.4215) with 8h-TWA airborne VCM concentration. CONCLUSION: Based on this result, the excretion half-life of urinary TDGA was assumed to be less than 3 days, because the concentration of urinary TDGA at 3 days after exposure to airborne VCM was decreased to the level of urinary TDGA concentration in the control workers. The concentration of urinary TDGA increased in the case of continuous shift, due to the accumulation of residual metabolites of TDGA. It was considered that TDGA3 can be applied as a useful biological index to evaluate the exposure dose of airborne VCM during one day because TDGA3 showed the highest correlation with the exposure dose of airborne VCM in the previous shift day.

Value of Quantitative Analysis of Serum cTnT in Diagnosis of Cardiac Disease and Myocardial Injury / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Serum cTnT, CK-MB and LDI were measured in 30 patients with AMI, 76 patients with VMC, 12 patients who had undergone operation without cardioplegia, 16 patients who had received open heart operation, 15 patients who had undergone thoracotomy for non-heart surgery and 55 healthy people. Concentration of serum cTnT was 0.057±0.056 μg/L in healthy people,0.069±0.032 μg/L in patients who underwent thoracotomy for non-heart surgery, 0.328±0.472μg/L in patients with VMC, 0.388±0.279 μg/L in patients with DCM, 4.259±4.619 μg/L in patients with AMI, 8.55±6.78 μg/L in patients who had undergone operation without cardioplegia and 16.03±6.01 μg/L in heart operation patients. In patients with VCM and DCM, serum cTnT was more specific and sensitive than CK-MB and LDI for diagnosing myocardial injury. In patients with AMI and heart operation patients, the increasing multiple of serum cTnT was obviously higher than that of CK-MB and LDI. 72 h after heart operation, cTnT was still higher than normal, while CK-MB had returned to normal level. Serum cTnT had higher specificity and sensitivity and longer diagnostic period in diagnosing myocardial injury. Moreover, cTnT assay could indicate the degree of myocardial injury. So, quantitative analysis of cTnT can be used as a routine examination in the diagnosis of myocardial injury.

Value of Quantitative Analysis of Serum cTnT in Diagnosis of Cardiac Disease and Myocardial Injury / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Serum cTnT, CK-MB and LDI were measured in 30 patients with AMI, 76 patients with VMC, 12 patients who had undergone operation without cardioplegia, 16 patients who had received open heart operation, 15 patients who had undergone thoracotomy for non-heart surgery and 55 healthy people. Concentration of serum cTnT was 0.057±0.056 μg/L in healthy people,0.069±0.032 μg/L in patients who underwent thoracotomy for non-heart surgery, 0.328±0.472μg/L in patients with VMC, 0.388±0.279 μg/L in patients with DCM, 4.259±4.619 μg/L in patients with AMI, 8.55±6.78 μg/L in patients who had undergone operation without cardioplegia and 16.03±6.01 μg/L in heart operation patients. In patients with VCM and DCM, serum cTnT was more specific and sensitive than CK-MB and LDI for diagnosing myocardial injury. In patients with AMI and heart operation patients, the increasing multiple of serum cTnT was obviously higher than that of CK-MB and LDI. 72 h after heart operation, cTnT was still higher than normal, while CK-MB had returned to normal level. Serum cTnT had higher specificity and sensitivity and longer diagnostic period in diagnosing myocardial injury. Moreover, cTnT assay could indicate the degree of myocardial injury. So, quantitative analysis of cTnT can be used as a routine examination in the diagnosis of myocardial injury.

Effect of MK-801 on the Prevention and Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia

Tardive dyskinesia(TD) is a serious side effect of long-term treatment with neuroleptic medications. To investigate if glutamatergic hyperfunction is associated with TD, effect of MK-801 on the prevention and treatment of TD was studied using a rat model, i.e., vacuous chewing movements(VCM). When comparing VCM scores of Group I(haldol decanoate+MK-801) with that of Group II(hadol decanoate+phosphate buffer saline), late measured VCM scores of former were significantly lower than that of latter, meaning that MK-801 is effective in the prevention of VCM. Furthermore, when MK-801 is also effective in the treatment of VCM. From the above results, it is suggested that glutamatergic hyperfunction might be involved in the development of TD and MK801 could be effective in the prevention and treatment of it.

Vancomycin TDM and Supporting Renal Functions for Dosage Planning / 日本農村医学会雑誌

As members of the hospital acquired infection study committee, we expsained the necessty of Vancomycin (VCM) Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) and proposed to establish a VCMTDM system in our hospital.<BR>At first, the physicians decided to treat the patients with antiseptic-resistant strains of methicillin-resistant Staphlococcus aureus (MRSA) in combination with VCM.<BR>We determined the loading dose, dosing interval and points of drawing blood, and inform the doctors of these data. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using a one-compartment model. We consulted the doctors on the individualization of dosage regimen.<BR>So, to avoid renal failure, it is important to measure serum VCM concentration and to adjust the dose and dosing interval, after prescribing the estimated dose. In three case reports, patients could avoid adverse effects such as renal failure. Dose adjustment based on VCM serum concentration was necessary.