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Background: In today’s era lifestyle related diseases like diabetes mellitus, have emerged as a major public health problem. Diabetes mellitus, a common metabolic disorder, which accounts for a high incidence of morbidity leads to various events including micro and macro vascular complications. This study aims to assess the baseline levels of (KAP) knowledge, attitude and practices of general population of Vadodara. Materials and methods: The present cross sectional study was carried out on general population of Vadodara with the help of a suitably designed and validated KAP questionnaire. The questionnaire was pretested and verified for errors. The data was analyzed statistically. Results: Altogether, 60.12 % of respondents scored 100% in the questions related with knowledge. However 23.54% scored 100% in the attitude questions and12.80% scored 100% in practice questions. Conclusions: We can conclude that the responders had good knowledge but poor attitude and practice towards diabetes. We can overcome this by increasing quality of health education and improving applicability of scope of health education at all level.
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Background: Evaluating patients who have sustained blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) remains one of the most challenging and resource-intensive aspects of acute trauma care. Missed intra-abdominal injuries continue to cause preventable deaths. Aims & Objective: To assess efficacy of CT scan (computed tomography) as accurate diagnostic tool for blunt abdominal trauma patients. Materials and Methods: 87 cases of blunt abdominal injury admitted in S.S.G hospital, Baroda during the period of August 2010 to November 2012 were included in the study after taking written informed consent. All these patients were thoroughly investigated. CT Scan was done for all hemodynamically stable patients. Recorded data included age, sex, type of injuries and scan results. Organ injuries were graded using the OIS (Organ Injury Scale) guidelines. Results: The study comprised of 87 patients having blunt abdominal injury. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 20-29 years. Most common organ injury were splenic (43%), liver (32%) and renal (11%). 95% (83 patients) were positive for abdominal injury and 5% (4 patients) were negative. The CT findings of hemoperitoneum and/or solid organ injury were confirmed in the 15 cases taken up for surgery. Conclusion: In this study CT scan was 100 % sensitive in diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma. Negative CT scan discourage unnecessary urgent abdominal exploration.
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IgA levels are considered as one of the most important determinant of immunity in children and undernutrition may result in deviated IgA levels due to repetitive infection resulting in acute respiratory infections (ARI) and diarrhoea. Hence, the study was undertaken to determine serum IgA levels of 80 undernourished and 30 nourished children using Immunoturbidimetric assay and correlate with their nutritional and morbidity status. Due to the known variability of immunoglobulin levels, subjects were divided into three groups based on their age range i.e. 5-7; 7-10 and 10-12 years. Results indicated that mean IgA levels of undernourished children were 110.89±37.78 mg/dl 131.81±43.43 mg/dl and 168.00±64.75 mg/dl for age group 5-7; 7-10 and 10-12 years respectively. Mean diarrhoeal episodes were reported to be 0.53±1.20; 0.82±1.14 and 1.17±1.26 and mean episodes of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in past one month were 2.21±1.89; 1.43±1.47 and 1.83±1.19 for above mentioned age range. The mean serum IgA level of undernourished children between 5-10 years and 7-10 years were higher than the healthy children, although this difference was not statistically significant. A significant positive correlation was seen between undernutrition status and serum IgA levels of 10-12 years of school children.
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The urban landscape asses a broad spectrum of variable environments ranging from remnant patches to highly modified streetscapes. Population growth and human intervention results in loss of biodiversity. Compare to other vertebrates, Raptors are easily monitored for changes at an ecosystem scale. Biodiversity is being lost at an increased rate as a result of human activities. One of the major threats to biodiversity is infrastructural development. Despite the expansion of urban environments, few studies have examined the influence of urbanization on faunal diversity. In this study we observed that distribution of black kite was fluctuating seasonally and less in disturbed area while high in undisturbed area. Number of Black kites was high in the monsoon while low in summer because of migration of birds from neighboring cities. Our findings show the importance of minimizing human intervention and disturbance for wildlife conservation in relatively undisturbed areas.
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Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally and is a major contributor to the global burden of chronic diseases. Dietary factors are the major modifiable factors through which many of the external forces promoting weight gain act. Thus, with the objective of examining the snacking pattern of the people living in Vadodara city, a cross-sectional study was conducted among the urban population of Vadodara city. In all 60 households were surveyed, 15 from each ward representing each zone. Qualitative data was collected in a pre-structured questionnaire by interviewing the subjects through house to house visits. Data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel package. The prevalence of overweight and obesity by Asia pacific classification was found to be 21.7% and 48.3% respectively. The major type of snacks consumed by the people was found to be shallow fried foods, bakery products and deep fried foods. Thus, there is a need to promote healthy snacking habits among the people of Vadodara.