Conservative idiopathic scoliosis treatment with brace produced using 3d technology / Tratamento da escoliose idiopática com colete produzido com tecnologia 3d / Tratamiento de la escoliosis idiopática con corsé producido con tecnología 3d

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the immediate correction capacity of the Wood-Chêneau-Rigo brace (WCR), produced using digital technological resources and robotic engineering, in primary and secondary curves of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods A retrospective study was conducted of 138 patients with a diagnosis of AIS and who received a WCR brace from a laboratory that makes orthoses and orthopedic prostheses between 2019 and 2021. These individuals were submitted to an independent analysis of the radiographic parameters by a single researcher, the main outcome of which was the standardized measurement of the main and secondary curves using the Cobb method. The radiographs analyzed were performed in orthostasis before and immediately after the adaptation of the brace on the patient. The correction capacity was calculated as the ratio of the difference between the pre- and post-brace curves to the pre-brace curve. Results The mean correction with the WCR was 48.4% for the main curve and 41.0% for the secondary curve. The level of correction of the main curve was significantly higher in patients with a main curve with the apex of convexity in the thoracolumbar region (p = 0.004), especially in the left thoracolumbar region (p = 0.010); curves of magnitude between 10º and 24.9º (p <0.001); and curves classified as simple (p <0.001). Conclusion The use of the WCR, which is produced using modern technological resources, was effective in the immediate correction of AIS. Long-term studies on this new modality of conservative scoliosis treatment are necessary. Level of evidence III; Retrospective study.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a capacidade de correção imediata do colete Wood-Chêneau-Rigo (WCR), produzido com recursos tecnológicos digitais e de engenharia robótica, em curvas primárias e secundárias de escoliose idiopática do adolescente (EIA). Métodos Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo com 138 pacientes com diagnóstico de EIA que adquiriram o colete WCR entre 2019 e 2021 em um laboratório de produção de órteses e próteses ortopédicas. Esses indivíduos foram submetidos à análise independente dos parâmetros radiográficos por um único pesquisador, tendo como desfecho principal a medida padronizada das curvas principal e secundária pelo método de Cobb. As radiografias analisadas foram realizadas em ortostase antes e imediatamente depois da adaptação do colete no paciente. A capacidade de correção foi calculada pela razão entre a diferença das curvas pré e pós-colete e a curva pré-colete. Resultados A média de correção da curva primária com o WCR foi de 48,4% e a da curva secundária foi de 41,0%. O nível de correção da curva primária foi significativamente maior nos pacientes com curva principal com ápice da convexidade na região toracolombar (p = 0,004), principalmente toracolombar à esquerda (p = 0,010); curvas com magnitude entre 10º e 24,9º (p < 0,001) e curvas do tipo simples (p < 0,001). Conclusões O colete WCR, produzido com modernos recursos tecnológicos, foi eficaz na correção imediata da EIA. São necessários estudos a longo prazo sobre essa nova modalidade de tratamento conservador da escoliose. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo retrospectivo.

RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar la capacidad de corrección inmediata del corsé de Wood-Chêneau-Rigo (WCR), producido con recursos tecnológicos digitales e ingeniería robótica, en curvas primarias y secundarias de la escoliosis idiopática del adolescente (EIA). Métodos Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 138 pacientes con diagnóstico de EIA que adquirieron el corsé WCR entre 2019 y 2021 en un laboratorio de producción de ortesis y prótesis ortopédicas. Estos individuos fueron sometidos a un análisis independiente de los parámetros radiográficos por un solo investigador, siendo el resultado principal la medición estandarizada de las curvas principal y secundaria por el método de Cobb. Las radiografías analizadas se tomaron en bipedestación antes e inmediatamente después de la adaptación del corsé al paciente. La capacidad de corrección se calculó por la razón entre la diferencia entre las curvas de antes y de después del uso del corsé y la curva de antes del corsé. Resultados La corrección promedio de la curva primaria con el WCR fue del 48,4% y de la curva secundaria fue del 41,0%. El nivel de corrección de la curva primaria fue significativamente más grande en pacientes con una curva principal con vértice de la convexidad en la región toracolumbar (p = 0,004), principalmente toracolumbar a la izquierda (p = 0,010); curvas con magnitud entre 10º y 24,9º (p < 0,001) y curvas simples (p < 0,001). Conclusiones El uso corsé WCR, producido con modernos recursos tecnológicos, fue efectivo en la corrección inmediata de la EIA. Se necesitan estudios a largo plazo sobre esta nueva modalidad de tratamiento conservador de la escoliosis. Nivel de evidencia III; Estudio retrospectivo.

Research progress on Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and Ziziphi Mauritianae Semen and Q-marker predictive analysis / 中草药

Both Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS) and Ziziphi Mauritianae Semen (ZMS) were derived from the dried seeds of the genus Ziziphus. The classical application of ZSS and ZMS is supplementing the liver, quieting the heart, arresting the sweat, and promoting the production of the body fluids. Alone or in combination with other herbs, ZSS is the most frequently used herb for treating insomnia. In addition, ZMS was used widely in Yunnan as local used medicine. Recently, the reduction of the wildlife resources of ZSS and shortage of market supply resulted in the adulteration of ZSS by substituting with ZMS. In this paper, the difference was contrasted between ZSS with ZMS by summarized the three aspects of herbal research, chemical composition, and pharmacological action. The original source, efficacy, in vivo process, and the traditional property were probed in order that the Q-markers of ZSS were predicted, based on the concept of Q-marker. This research will provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of the quality standard of ZSS.

Application Research of Different Compression Model on Four Powder Excipients Compression / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To conduct the contrastive studies of universal compression model to pharmaceutical powder compression characteristics effect base on Heckel and Kawakita equation founded.METHODS: The uniaxial compression tests were developed with three excipients of lactose, starch, microcrystalline cellulose and four mixture excipients of lactose, starch, microcrystalline cellulose with different mass fraction. The change rules between density and pressure and model error are analyzed of two different compression models respectively.RESULTS: The absolute density error value of Heckel and Kawakita compression model is within 4%, when the pressure is greater than 80 MPa,and the variance of Kawakita model is less than Heckel model.The absolute error value of Heckel and Kawakita compression model is within 3.73%, when the pressure is larger than 60 MPa, and the variance of Kawakita compression model less than Heckel model.CONCLUSION: During applying two universal compression models to analyze pharmaceutical powder compression characteristics, two models are suitable, when the pressure is between 80 and 240 MPa.

Studies on difference of chemical compositions in plant species of Tripterygium genus / 中国中药杂志

We studied the content of chemical compositions and correlation among species of Tripterygium genus by principal component analysis(PCA) and variance analysis(ANOVA), and we also studied the difference among the 3 species.Using [BMIm]PF6 ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction, we determined the contents of 11 compounds including wilforgine, wilforzine, triptophenolide, wilforine, triptoquinone A, triptolide, tripterin, egallocatechin, epigallocatechin, catechin, and epicatechin in 28 batches of the Tripterygium species by HPLC and PCA. Partial least squares analysis (PLS) and ANOVA were also performed to verify the results.The analysis results of PCA and PLS showed that three species of Tripterygium genus were clustered into three regions respectively, and triptoquinone A was the important factor which affected the aggregation of these three species.There was a significant difference among the contents of 11 chemical components in the three species(P<0.000 1).These results indicated that there was a certain correlation between the chemical compositions and the classification of the species, and the difference of the chemical compositions among the three species was obvious. In this work, the content determination method is rapid and accurate, and the analysis method is simple and convenient, which provides a reference for the classification, the efficacy and the toxicity of the species.

Normal and lung qi deficiency rats proteomics of lung tissue variance analysis / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:Normal and lung qi deficiency rats of proteomics of lung tissue of rats differentially expressed and mass spectrometry.Methods:A total of 20 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,lung qi deficiency group,with 10 rats in each roup.Lung qi deficiency group model replication using composite method by intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccaride and smoked.All rats in each group before anesthesia 12 hours of fasting,water deprivation,weight after 28 days modeling,Thoracotomy to remove left lung tissue after anesthesia was 10 mg from each rat, 3 rats from each group, using two-dimensional electrophorsis analysis, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis image, peptide mass fingerprinting and electrospray tandem by mass spectrometry to protein identification.Results:2 differntial protin profiles for proteomics analysis,identified 14 protein in rat lung tissue,protein 5 expression, regulation 9 expression.Conclusion:By proteomic analysis,identify the protein have correlation with lung deficiency syndrome.

Normal group and artificial simulation of cold environment proteomics of lung tissue of rats variance analysis / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To analyse and discuss the variance and mass spectrometry of proteomics of rats 'lung tissues between groups of normal and simulated cold environments.Methods:A total of 20 SD rats were randomly divided into two groups of normal and simulated cold environments with 10 rats in each group.The temperature of normal environment group was controlled in 21℃ with a fluctuation of 2℃lasting 24 h per day.In contrast, the temperature of simulated cold environment group was controlled in 6℃ with a fluctuation of 2℃lasting 4 h per day while the temperature and humidity for the rest of time were exactly the same as the situation in normal environment group.The preoperative fasting , water-deprivation and weighting were adopted 12 h before anaesthesia to both groups after the continuing 7-day experimentation.Left lung tissues of each rat in both groups were removed by the amount of 10 mg, whereas three random samples from each group were tested by experiments of protein extraction , bidirectional electrophoresis , image analysis and mass spectrometry identification.Results: Given the proteomics analysis of two differential sets , it is indicated that in simulated cold environment group , among nine sorts of protein , four sorts perform rising while five falling compared to that of normal group.Conclusion:There exists a correlation between protein and cold environment based on the results of proteomic analysis .

Optimization of Extraction Process for Yinxiejing / 中国药师

Objective:To study the optimal extraction process of Yinxiejing. Methods: An orthogonal experimental method was used with reflux time, reflux times, ethanol concentration and volume as the influencing factors, and emodin and osthole content as the indices. Results:The optimal extraction conditions for Yinxiejing were as follows:refluxing twice with 2 h every time using 8-fold 80%ethanol. Conclusion:The optimum process is stable and feasible.

Best conditions for biodegradation of diesel oil by chemometric tools

Diesel oil biodegradation by different bacteria-yeast-rhamnolipids consortia was tested. Chromatographic analysis of post-biodegradation residue was completed with chemometric tools (ANOVA, and a novel ranking procedure based on the sum of ranking differences). These tools were used in the selection of the most effective systems. The best results of aliphatic fractions of diesel oil biodegradation were observed for a yeast consortia with Aeromonas hydrophila KR4. For these systems the positive effect of rhamnolipids on hydrocarbon biodegradation was observed. However, rhamnolipids addition did not always have a positive influence on the biodegradation process (e.g. in case of yeast consortia with Stenotrophomonas maltophila KR7). Moreover, particular differences in the degradation pattern were observed for lower and higher alkanes than in the case with C22. Normally, the best conditions for "lower" alkanes are Aeromonas hydrophila KR4 + emulsifier independently from yeasts and e.g. Pseudomonas stutzeri KR7 for C24 alkane.

Variance analysis of contrast sensitivity for amblyopia and normal eye based on spatial frequency channels / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Contrast sensitivity (CS) of amblyopia has been extensively studied,but its relationship with spatial frequency channels needs further research. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons of the CS deficits in amblyopia through comparing the differences in CS between amblyopic and normal eyes from the point of view of spatial frequency channels. MethodsThe CS values of 166 normal children eyes and 143 amblyopic children abnormal eyes were measured by adopting OPTEC 6500.Then,spatial frequency channels' tuning curves were derived via principal component analysis and non-orthogonal rotation.Also,numbers and bandwidths of channels were calculated using the method of full width at half maximum ( FWHM ).All of these were used to analyze the variations of CS between amblyopia and normal eyes by comparing the numbers and the bandwidths of the channels.The reliability of spatial frequency channel was verified by a cross-validation study of 43 amblyopic children. ResultAt spatial frequency of 1.5,3.0,6.0,12.0,18.0 cpd,the mean of CS of amblyopia were 36.35±21.40,50.33 ± 33.46,46.88 ± 41.72,16.24 ± 17.26,4.67 ± 5.79,and the mean of CS of normal eyes were 49.49±24.69,87.23±40.87,93.18±51.99.36.63±24.72,15.70±13.87,with the rank-sum test results were H =27.83,66.61,68.34,78.23,89.88,P＜0.05.There existed three spatial frequency channels in both amblyopia and normal eyes.At the peaks of 3.0,6.0 and 12.0 cpd,the bandwidths of normal eyes were 1.03,1.02 and 0.99 octaves,and the bandwidths of amblyopia were 1.04,1.01and 0.73 octaves.Conclusions The reduction in bandwidths of the corresponding spatial frequency channels may cause the CS deficits in amblyopia.

Comparação entre métodos de estimação do coeficiente de endogamia com dados de frequências alélicas em uma população diplóide / Comparison among inbreeding coefficient estimation methods in a diploid population with two alleles

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se comparar três estimadores do coeficiente de endogamia, F, em uma população diplóide com dois alelos, utilizando-se dados de frequências alélicas em amostras de indíviduos, com diferentes tamanhos obtidas em populações simuladas, por meio do software SAS. Foi avaliado o estimador de F, obtido pela análise de variância de frequências alélicas, o estimador considerando o método dos momentos e o estimador pelo método da máxima verossimilhança. Os resultados encontrados para a média e variância os estimadores, a partir de 1000 estimativas de F, calculadas para cada tamanho de amostra, mostraram que os três estimadores são tendenciosos. Entretanto, de maneira geral, observou-se que o estimador considerando a análise de variância foi menos tendencioso e apresentou menor variância, quando o coeficiente de endogamia da população foi alto. Para tamanho de amostra superior a 50, os três estimadores tiveram comportamento semelhante, independente da frequência alélica e da endogamia da população.

The present work evaluated the properties of three estimators of the inbreeding coefficient, F, in a diploid population with two alleles, using data of gene frequencies in individuals from random samples obtained from populations simulated through the SAS. We evaluated the estimators of F obtained by variance analysis of allelic frequencies, obtained by moment method, and estimator obtained by maximum likelihood method. The analysis of the means and variances of the estimators, obtained from 1000 estimates of F, calculated for each sample size, demonstrated that the three estimators were biased. However, it was observed that the estimator obtained from univariate analysis was less biased and presented smaller variance, when the inbreeding coefficient in the population was elevated, while for populations with low inbreeding, the variance of the estimator obtained by the multivariate analysis was smaller.

Transformações de dados em experimentos com abobrinha italiana em ambiente protegido / Data transformations in experiments with zucchini in protected environment

Em olericultura, o interesse é a produção de frutos comercializáveis. Nesses experimentos, comumente são avaliadas variáveis, tais como a fitomassa e o número de frutos. No entanto, essas variáveis apresentam uma característica particular que está relacionada com sua ausência ou presença no momento da colheita. Esse atributo é representado por valores zeros, para essas variáveis, gerando certa variabilidade e afetando a análise de variância dos dados. Este trabalho teve por objetivo definir uma transformação adequada para as variáveis observadas em experimentos com a cultura da abobrinha italiana, realizados em ambiente protegido, visando a estabilizar a variabilidade gerada pela presença de valores zeros nas múltiplas colheitas dos frutos. Foram analisados experimentos com a cultura da abobrinha italiana utilizando a família de transformações de Box-Cox, com uma adaptação apresentada em YAMAMURA (1999). Concluiu-se que, para experimentos com abobrinha italiana, avaliando a fitomassa e o número de frutos, a transformação indicada é a raiz quarta. Mesmo com redução na variabilidade e a normalidade dos resíduos, observadas em todos os experimentos, o uso do método não foi eficiente para tornar as variâncias homocedásticas.

The interest in horticulture is the production of marketable fruit. In such experiments , phytomass and the number of fruits are commonly measured variables. However, these variables have a particular characteristic related to their absence or presence at harvest time. This attribute is represented by zero values for these variables, generating some variability and affecting the variance analysis. This work aimed to define an appropriate data transformation for the variables observed in experiments with the zucchini culture, realized in protected environment, designed to stabilize the variability values generated by the presence of zeros in harvest multiple fruit. The analysis was based on experiments with the zucchini culture ,using the family of the Box-Cox transformation, with an adaptation made by YAMAMURA (1999). It was concluded that for experiments with zucchini, assessing the phytomass and number of fruits, the square square root transformation is indicated. The same was observed with the reduction in variability and normal errors, observed in all experiments. The use of the method was not efficient to make the variances homocedastic.

Study on Dissolution Rate of Compound Danshen Tablets / 中成药

The dissolution rate of Compound Danshen Tablets made by different factories was determined with rotatory-basket method, The variance analysis showed obvious differential among the relative accumulation releasing amounts from samples of different factories (P