Diabetes Insípida inducida por el embarazo o gestacional: a propósito de un caso / Pregnancy or Gestational Diabetes Insipidus: a purpose of a case

RESUMEN Antecedentes: La incidencia de la diabetes insípida gestacional es aproximadamente 1/30.000 gestaciones. Objetivo: A propósito de un caso de diabetes insípida gestacional ocurrida en nuestra unidad, se decide comunicar y revisar la literatura referente a opciones de manejo y tratamiento del mismo. Caso clínico: Mujer de 38 años, primigesta de 32 semanas con clínica de poliuria y polidipsia con una ingesta hídrica diaria de hasta 7 litros. Tras realizar las pertinentes exploraciones complementarias y descartar otras patologías más frecuentes, se establece el diagnóstico de diabetes insípida gestacional. Conclusiones: La diabetes insípida gestacional es una entidad muy poco frecuente que puede desencadenar en un estado de deshidratación intensa con hipernatremia y su consecuente afectación neurológica. Es importante el diagnóstico precoz para evitar las complicaciones tanto a nivel materno como fetal, así como realizar un manejo multidisciplinar de esta patología.

ABSTRACT Background: The incidence of diabetes insipidus during pregnancy is approximately 1 in 30,000 pregnancies. Objective: We herein report a case of a patient with gestational diabetes insipidus occurring in our unit. We decided to communicate the case and review the literature regarding management and treatment options. Case report: A 38-year-old woman at 32 week of pregnancy with polyuria, polydipsia, and daily water intake of up to 7 liters. After performing the complementary tests and ruling out other more frequent conditions, the diagnosis of gestational diabetes insipidus was established. Conclusion: Gestational diabetes insipidus is a very rare entity that can cause a state of intense dehydration with hypernatremia and its consequent neurological impairment. Early detection is important in order to avoid complications of both mother and fetus, as well as to carry out a multidisciplinary management of this condition.

Gestational diabetes insipidus in the third trimester of pregnancy / 대한내과학회지

Gestational diabetes insipidus, which occurs rarely during late pregnancy, may injure the mother and fetus neurologically. It takes place in about 4 of every 100,000 pregnancies. Increased placental-derived vasopressinase in late pregnancy markedly degrades vasopressin. The decreased vasopressin activity causes hypotonic polyuria, polydipsia, and dehydration. We report a woman with gestational diabetes insipidus who had no abnormal laboratory tests before developing symptoms. The diabetes insipidus was controlled well by administering nasal desmopressin (1.desamino.8.D.arginine vasopressin, DDAVP) followed by resolution of the signs and symptoms after delivery. Although gestational diabetes insipidus is rare, a prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment to reduce the risks of maternal and fetal injury are important.