Disposición regular de vénulas colectoras (RAC) como predictor de ausencia de infección por Helicobacter pylori con endoscopios convencionales en población latina, rendimiento diagnóstico por subgrupos

Introducción : La disposición regular de vénulas colectoras tiene alto valor para predecir la ausencia de infección gástrica por Helicobacter pylori, los estudios que validaron este hallazgo se realizaron con imágenes de magnificación y cromoendoscopia digital, es común realizar endoscopias con equipos convencionales de luz blanca sin magnificación. Objetivo : Este estudio pretende validar este hallazgo como predictor de ausencia de infección por H. pylori utilizando equipos de endoscopia con luz blanca convencional sin magnificación. Materiales y métodos : Se realizó un estudio observacional identificando la presencia de RAC con endoscopio convencional, la determinación de Helicobacter pylori se estableció por histopatología. Se calculó sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo (VPP) y valores predictivos negativos (VPN) en relación con la presencia de RAC y el estado de infección por H. pylori. Resultados : 241 pacientes fueron incluidos encontrando una sensibilidad de 5%, con especificidad de 89%. La prevalencia de H. pylori disminuyo con la edad. Conclusión : Este estudio reporta una baja sensibilidad con elevada especificidad de la distribución regular de vénulas colectoras para establecer el estado de infección por H. pylori. El desempeño diagnóstico fue inferior al reportado en estudios llevados a cabo con cromo endoscopia con magnificación.

Introduction : The regular arrangement of collecting venules has high value to predict the absence of gastric infection by Helicobacter Pylori, the studies that have validated this finding were carried out with magnification images and digital chromoendoscopy, it is common to perform endoscopies with conventional white light equipment without magnification. Objective : This study aims to validate this finding as a predictor of the absence of H. Pylori infection using endoscopy equipment with conventional white light without magnification. Material and methods : An observational study was carried out identifying the presence of RAC with a conventional endoscope, the determination of Helicobacter pylori was established by histopathology. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated in relation to the presence of RAC and the H. pylori infection status. Results : 241 patients were included, finding a sensitivity of 5%, with a specificity of 89%. The prevalence of H. Pylori decreased with age. Conclusion : This study reports a low sensitivity with a high specificity of the regular distribution of collecting venules to establish the state of infection by H. Pylori. The diagnostic performance was lower than that reported in studies carried out with chromium endoscopy with magnification.

Observation on the changes of cerebral venules wall matrix in spontaneous hypertensive rat with high-salt diet / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of wall matrix of the cerebral venules in the high-salt fed spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. Methods Six SI1R and six Wistar Kyoto (WKY) male rats at the age of 10 weeks were experimented. Rats in the SHR group were given high-salt diet ( 1% sodium chloride drinking water and 4% high-salt) for 10 months,and rats in the WKY group were given normal drinking water and fed for 10months,The rats were all raised in the Institute of Neurology,Huashan Hospital, Fudan University. The feeding conditions were kept at a constant temperature of 22-24 and constant humidity of 55 ±5% ,with artificial light and shade for 12 h each. Morphological changes of cerebral small vessels were observed by hcmatoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Venules were differentiated from arterioles through the presence of ot-smooth muscle actin. Immunofluorescence was performed to observe the expression of collagen I (COL I ) .collagen IV ( COLIV) ,fibronectin (FN) and laminin (LN) in cerebral venules. The brain tissue was divided into cortex,deep gray matter and hippocampus regions. The collagen deposition and expression of related extracellular matrix of venules in these regions were compared. Results ( 1) HE staining showed vascular remodeling of arterioles in high-salt fed SHR, which was consistent with the pathological characteristics of arteriosclerotic cerebral small vessel disease. ( 2) Compared with the WKY group,the high-salt fed SHR group showed obviously increased cerebral venules COL I deposition and LN expression (153 ± 12 ts. 106 ±8,/=3. 253 =0. 004; 135 ±11 vs. 99 ±9,1 = 2. 575,/' =0. 017); COLIV deposition had an increasing trend,but without statistically significant difference (118 ± 12 vs. 99 ± 4,t = 1. 508,/' = 0. 142). There was no significant difference in FN expression ( 104 ±4 vs. 101 ±3,/= 0.664,P =0.512). (3) Compared with the group,the SHR group had significantly increased deposition of COLlin cortex and deep gray matter venules (159 ± 15 vs. 108 ±7,/=3.075,/'=0.007; 139 ± 12 i5.96±9,/= 2. 868, P =0. 009); No statistically significant difference was found bftween the two groups in hippocampus region ( 169 ± 16 133 ±9 ,i = 1. 926,P =0.072) ;No statistical significance was found between the high-salt diet SHR group and the WKY group in COLIV and fibronectin deposi.ion of venules in these regions (P > 0.05);Compared with the group,the L\ expression of deep gray matter venules in the SHR group after high-salt diet was significantly increased (125 ± 12 vs. TJ ±5,1 =3.767,/J = 0.002) ,and there was no statistically significant difference in both cortical and hippocampal regions (138 ±18 vs. 109 ±7,/= l.460,/>=0. 174; 153 ± 16 m. 133 ± 13,/= 0.960, P = 0. 359) . Conclusions Tic expression of COL I and LN of cerebral venules wall was increased in the high-salt fed SHR. The COL 1 deposition was most significant in cortex and deep gray matter,and the LN deposition was mainly in deep gray matter.

Effect of gender on training-induced vascular remodeling in SHR

There is accumulating evidence that physical inactivity, associated with the modern sedentary lifestyle, is a major determinant of hypertension. It represents the most important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for both men and women. In addition to involving sympathetic overactivity that alters hemodynamic parameters, hypertension is accompanied by several abnormalities in the skeletal muscle circulation including vessel rarefaction and increased arteriole wall-to-lumen ratio, which contribute to increased total peripheral resistance. Low-intensity aerobic training is a promising tool for the prevention, treatment and control of high blood pressure, but its efficacy may differ between men and women and between male and female animals. This review focuses on peripheral training-induced adaptations that contribute to a blood pressure-lowering effect, with special attention to differential responses in male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Heart, diaphragm and skeletal muscle arterioles (but not kidney arterioles) undergo eutrophic outward remodeling in trained male SHR, which contributed to a reduction of peripheral resistance and to a pressure fall. In contrast, trained female SHR showed no change in arteriole wall-to-lumen ratio and no pressure fall. On the other hand, training-induced adaptive changes in capillaries and venules (increased density) were similar in male and female SHR, supporting a similar hyperemic response to exercise.

The Usefulness of the Regular Arrangement of Collecting Venules Pattern for the Determination of Helicobacter pylori Infection / 대한소화기학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In the Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori)-negative normal stomach, collecting venules are visible over all the gastric body as numerous minute points evaluated with standard endoscopy. This finding was termed regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC), and its absence suggests H. Pylori gastritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the RAC and rapid urease test. METHODS: Two hundred sixty three consecutive adults undergoing upper digestive endoscopy and rapid urease test were included. The lesser curvature of the lower corpus was evaluated for the RAC pattern using a standard endoscope and different hemoglobin index. Two biopsies from the lesser curvature of the antrum and the greater curvature of the body were collected for rapid urease test. RESULTS: H. Pylori were detected in 51.3% (135/263) patients. Of the 57 patients with H. Pylori-negative normal stomachs 53 patients (93%) had RAC. As a determinant of the normal stomach without H. Pylori infection, the presence of RAC had 41.4% sensitivity, 97.0% specificity, 93.0% positive predictive value and 63.6% negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: RAC-positive finding by standard endoscopy showed high positive predictive value and specificity of H. Pylori-negative normal stomach. RAC-positive finding by standard endoscopy could be an useful finding to predict H. Pylori negativity.

The relation between puncturing at superficial venules and effectiveness of acupoint application in summer to treat winter diseases / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To explore the relation between puncturing at superficial venules and effectiveness of acupoint application in summer to treat winter disease. Methods 4872 chronic bronchitis patients who received therapy of acupoint application in summer for treating winter diseases were divided into a superficial-venule group (including 994 patients) and a non-superficial-venuls group (including 3878 patients), according to the conditions that if or not they had superficial venuls. Both groups received the treatment of acupoint application combined with plum-blossom needles quick puncture. On this basis, the superficial-venule group was additional treated by puncturing at superficial venules. Results The cure rate and total effective rate were 73.2% and 98.1% in the superficial-venule group, and 35.9% and 90.8% in the non-superficial-venuls group. There was a significant difference between the two groups in their therapeutic effect (P＜0.01).Conclusion The treatment of acupoint application combined with puncturing at superficial venules are effective in treating chronic bronchitis.

THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTER ON LYMPHOCYTE HOMING AND THE EXPRESSION OF LFA-1,PECAM-1 IN THE RAT MESENTERIC LYMPH NODE / 解剖学报

Objective To study the morphological character of the high endothelial venules(HEVs) and the expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1(LFA-1),platelet endothelium cell adhesion molecular-1(PECAM-1) in the rat mesenteric lymph node,inquire into their morphological representation when lymphocytes pass through the HEVs and the regulative action of LFA-l and PECAM-1. Methods To observe their morphological representation when lymphocyte pass through the HEVs wall and analyze the expression of LFA-1,PECAM-1 with the light microscope,electron microscope and immunohistochemistry method in the rat mesenteric lymph node. Results Lymphocytes contacted the endothelial cells by protuberances or membrane protuberances like welding spot,lymphocytes located in and between the endothelial cells or in the junction space of them in HEVs,there were lymphocytes in the lucid layer between inner and outer layers of basement membranes;LFA-1 mainly expressed at lymphocytes that adhered to endothelial cell in HEVs;PECAM-1 mainly expressed at the endothelial cells and the migrating lymphocytes.Conclusion 1.Lymphocytes contacted the endothelial cells by protuberances,then they got across the endothelial cells into the cellular junction space by the intraendothelial and interendothelial,and at last they emigrated from the basement membranes into the lymph tissue;2.LFA-1 involved in firm adheresion between lymphocytes and the endothelial cells;3.PECAM-1 probably had a relationship with that lymphocytes migrated endothelial cells.