RESUMO
Este artigo objetiva estudar os discursos dos primeiros psicanalistas sobre a lesbianidade, a partir de uma análise teórico-documental das Atas da Sociedade Psicanalítica de Viena. Investigando a problemática do desejo lésbico, buscamos contribuir com o reconhecimento dos limites e potencialidades das teorias psicanalíticas sobre o sexual. Para tanto, foram examinadas as duas principais hipóteses sobre o desejo lésbico desenvolvidas nas reuniões da Sociedade Psicanalítica de Viena e discutiu-se a origem das relações entre lesbianidade e masculinidade do ponto de vista psicanalítico, assinalando algumas questões que a lesbianidade pode formular sobre as relações entre a psicanálise e o patriarcado.
The present work aims to research the speeches of the first psychoanalysts on lesbianity, through a theoretical and documentary research of the Minutes of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. Investigating the question of the lesbian desire, the article intends to contribute with the acknowledgment of the limits and potentialities of the psychoanalytic sexual theories. To this end, the two main hypotheses about the lesbian desire developed at the meetings of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society were examined and the origin of the associations between lesbianity and masculinity in the psychoanalytic point of view was discussed, pointing out some questions that lesbianity can formulate about the relations between psychoanalysis and patriarchy.
El presente trabajo objetiva estudiar los discursos de los primeros psicoanalistas sobre la lesbianidad, a través de un análisis teórico y documental de los registros de las Actas de la Sociedad Psicoanalítica de Viena. Investigando el problema del deseo lesbiano, buscamos contribuir con el reconocimiento de los límites y potencialidades de la teoría sexual. Con este fin, se examinaron las dos principales hipótesis sobre el deseo lesbiano desarrolladas en las reuniones de la Sociedad Psicoanalítica de Viena y se discutió el origen de las relaciones entre la lesbianidad y la masculinidad desde el punto de vista psicoanalítico, señalando algunas preguntas que la lesbianidad puede formular sobre las relaciones entre el psicoanálisis y el patriarcado.
Cet article étude les discours des premiers psychanalystes sur la lesbianité, à travers d'une analyse théorique et documentaire des Minutes de la Société psychanalytique de Vienne. En enquêtent sur le problème du désir lesbien, ce travail cherche à contribuer à la reconnaissance des limites et des potentialités de la théorie sexuelle. Pour ce faire, on a examiné les deux hypothèses sur le désir lesbien développées lors des réunions de la Société psychanalytique de Vienne et on a discuté sur l'origine des associations entre lesbianité et masculinité du point de vue psychanalytique, soulignant des questions que la lesbianité peut formuler sur les relations entre psychanalyse et patriarcat.
Assuntos
Psicanálise , Homossexualidade FemininaRESUMO
Abstract: Based on the information and evidence on the zoological expedition led by the senior Austrian zoologist Franz Steindachner in 1903, the examination of original species descriptions using material collected in this expedition, the scientific literature on this expedition, examination of specimens of Knodus victoriae, and the consultation of State decrees modifying the name of localities and municipalities, we propose herein updated and accurate type localities for Knodus victoriae and Loricaria parnahybae. The accurate type locality for both species is at the mouth of a stream that flows into the Parnaiba River, Alto Parnaíba municipality in the State of Maranhão, upper Parnaiba River basin, northeastern Brazil. This update in the type locality aims to avoid doubts and confusion that hinder biogeographic and taxonomic studies.
Resumo: Com base em informações e evidências da expedição zoológica liderada pelo zoólogo sênior austríaco Franz Steindachner em 1903, exame das descrições originais das espécies que utilizaram material coletado nessa expedição, literatura científica sobre essa expedição, exame de exemplares de Knodus victoriae, e consulta a decretos estaduais que modificaram o nome de localidades e municípios, nós propomos a atualização com acurácia das localidades tipos de Knodus victoriae e Loricaria parnahybae. A localidade tipo acurada para ambas as espécies é na foz de um riacho que desagua no rio Parnaíba, no município de Alto Parnaíba no Estado do Maranhão, bacia do alto rio Parnaíba, nordeste do Brasil. Esta atualização na localidade tipo visa evitar dúvidas e confusões que podem atrapalhar estudos biogeográficos e taxonômicos.
RESUMO
Resumen Carl von Rokitansky fue una de las figuras más importantes en la anatomía patológica y el responsable, en parte, del renacimiento de Viena como centro de la medicina a mediados del siglo XIX. Nació en la actual Hradec Králové, estudió medicina en Praga y Viena y se graduó en 1828. Tuvo gran influencia de los estudios de anatomía, embriología y patología de Andral, Lobstein y Meckel. En la escuela de Viena fue asistente de anatomía patológica de Johann Wagner y se convirtió en profesor de anatomía patológica, donde permaneció hasta cuatro años antes de su muerte. Rokitansky hizo énfasis en correlacionar la sintomatología del enfermo con los cambios post mortem. Es posible que haya tenido acceso a entre 1500 y 1800 cadáveres al año para que pudiera realizar 30 000 necropsias; además, revisó varios miles más de autopsias. En Handbuch der Pathologischen Anatomie, publicado entre 1842 y 1846, realizó numerosas descripciones: de la neumonía lobular y lobular, endocarditis, enfermedades de las arterias, quistes en varias vísceras, diversas neoplasias y de la atrofia aguda amarilla del hígado. Con su brillante labor de patología macroscópica, Rokitansky estableció la clasificación nosológica de las enfermedades, por lo cual Virchow lo llamó el Linneo de la anatomía patológica.
Abstract Carl von Rokitansky was one of the most important figures in pathological anatomy, and was largely responsible for the resurgence of Vienna as the great medical center of the world in the mid-19th century. He was born in current Hradec Králové, studied medicine in Prague and Vienna and was graduated in 1828. He was greatly influenced by the anatomy, embryology and pathology studies of Andral, Lobstein and Meckel. At the Vienna School, he was Johann Wagner pathological anatomy assistant and became a pathology professor, where he remained until four years before his death. Rokitansky emphasized the importance of correlating patient symptoms with postmortem changes. It is possible that he had access to between 1,500 and 1,800 cadavers annually to be able to perform 30,000 necropsies; in addition, he reviewed several thousand more autopsies. In Handbuch der pathologischen Anatomie, published between 1842 and 1846, he made numerous descriptions: lobar and lobular pneumonia, endocarditis, diseases of the arteries, cysts in several viscera, various neoplasms and acute yellow atrophy of the liver. With his brilliant work on gross pathology, Rokitansky established the nosological classification of diseases, for which Virchow named him the Linné of pathological anatomy.
Assuntos
História do Século XIX , Patologia Clínica/história , Autopsia/história , Áustria , Autopsia/estatística & dados numéricos , Doença/classificação , TchecoslováquiaRESUMO
Objective To study the applicability of Vienna Test System ( VTS) to psychological screening of flying cadets,and to establish a corresponding standard model for flying cadets .Methods VTS and pilot psychological selection system were used to evaluate the mental health of 134 cases of flying cadets , SPSS 13.0 was used to compare their consistency and relevance.Results The results of VTS included the raw score of overall mean duration [(46.68 ±21.06)s] on 2hand test, the correct reaction times (246.54 ±25.88) on DT test, the normal values of overall mean duration [(27.84 ±21.98)s] on 2 hand test,and the correct reaction times (60.57 ±18.61) on DT test and other indexes. Pearson coefficient was calculated as predictive validation .The composite score of VTS was significantly positively correla-ted with the first platform(r=0.46,P<0.0001), the second platform(r=0.27,P<0.05) and the psychological perform-ance of the pilot psychological selection system (r=0.31,P<0.05).Kappa-test showed that the two methods were highly consistent(Kappa=0.53).Conclusion The application of VTS to screening the mental health of flying cadets can yield and quick but accurate results , which are of high reliability and validity .It is undoubtedly of great significance for improving the level of aviation security ,objectivity of selection results and predictive validity .
RESUMO
O saber freudiano está datado e situado num determinado contexto. É a partir disto que se pode entrever sua identidade e sua especificidade como novidade que emergiu, precisamente, na virada do século XIX para o século XX, em Viena. O objetivo deste ensaio é investigar o cenário político e cultural que serve de pano de fundo para a construção do discurso freudiano. Logo de início, é importante ressaltar que não pretendemos estabelecer uma correlação entre o cenário histórico-cultural vienense e os conceitos psicanalíticos, mas, sobretudo, traçar os contornos para que isto possa ser feito num momento posterior.
The Freudian theory is dated and set in a given context. It is from this that one can foresee its identity and its specificity as a novelty that emerged precisely at the turn of the 19th century to the 20th century in Vienna. The goal of this essay is to investigate the political and cultural scene that serves as a background for the construction of the Freudian discourse. From the outset, it is important to note that we do not intend to establish a correlation between the historical-cultural scenario and the Viennese psychoanalytic concepts, but, above all, trace the contours so that this can be done at a later time.
Assuntos
Política , Psicanálise/história , CulturaRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine the structural chromosomal aberrations, such as loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI), at multiple tumor suppressor gene loci in gastric epithelial neoplasia categorized by the revised Vienna classification. METHODS: All tissue samples were excised by endoscopic mucosal resection. Sixty category 3 (low-grade adenoma) tissue samples and 51 category 4 samples (high-grade adenoma and intramucosal carcinoma with adenoma) were examined at the 7 sets of microsatellite loci linked to the tumor suppressor gene locus. RESULTS: For category 3 and 4 tissue samples, there were no differences in the frequencies of LOH-positive chromosomes or the extent of chromosomal loss. The Helicobacter-pylori (H. pylori)-positive rate was significantly higher in MSI-positive category 4 samples than in category 3 samples (p=0.04). The frequency of MSI positivity was significantly higher in category 4 samples than in category 3 samples (p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection is associated with genetic instability of the premalignant lesion. MSI occurs in the early stages of gastric carcinogenesis and its occurrence increases during malignant transformation. Detection of MSI in premalignant gastric lesions may be a surveillant of risk of malignant transformation.
Assuntos
Adenoma , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Genes Supressores de Tumor , Perda de Heterozigosidade , Instabilidade de Microssatélites , Repetições de Microssatélites , SuccinimidasRESUMO
PURPOSE: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is difficult to treat due to various complications and frequent recurrences. There have been many studies on the clinical aspects of CD in Western countries; however, there have been few studies in Korea. We performed this study to evaluate the clinical features of CD in Korea and to assess the stability over the course of the disease according to the Vienna classification. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 85 patients diagnosed as having CD in Kyung Hee University Hospital from March 1986 to July 2004. RESULTS: The male-to-female ratio was 1.9:1, and the mean age at diagnosis was 27.5 years. The most common symptom was abdominal pain (82%). Perianal lesions were observed in 29 cases (34%). Fistula was the most common (26%) lesion. Extraintestinal manifestations were observed in 13 cases (15%). Stomatitis was the most common (7%) lesion. According to the Vienna classification, the group with ages at diagnosis below 40 years (A1) was 88%, and that with ages equal to or above 40 years (A2) was 12%. The location of the disease was classified as terminal ileum (L1)(15%), colon (L2)(32%), ileocolon (L3)(33%), and upper gastrointestinal (L4)(20%). The behavior of disease was classified as nonstricturing nonpenetrating (B1)(41%), stricturing (B2)(14%), and penetrating (B3)(45%). Empirical anti-tuberculous medications were administered in 23 cases (27%) before the CD had been diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: There are differences in the locations and behaviors of Crohn's disease between Korea and Western patients. The cause of the difference is uncertain.