Bullying and behavior problems reported by victims and teachers: Brazilian findings / Bullying e problemas de comportamento referidos pelas vítimas e professores: Resultados brasileiros / Bullying y problemas de comportamiento reportados por las víctimas y maestros: Resultados de Brasil

This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of bullying in a Brazilian public school and to compare the behavior problems reported by the victims to the informed by their teachers. The School Violence Scale was used to identify bullied students. For behavioral problems, Youth Self Report and Teacher Report Form were used. From 154 adolescents assessed, 30 (19.4%) were identified as targets of bullying, (M age=12.4 yr., SD=.7), 24 males (80%). From those, 16 (53.3%) reached clinical levels on internalizing problems, 11(36.6%) on externalizing and 13 (43.3%) on total problems. This subsample reported more internalizing problems (F=13.40, p<.001) and less externalizing problems (F=6.63, p<.01) compared to the rated by teachers. The high frequencies of victims of bullying as well as the high scores of internalizing and externalizing problems in this subsample point to the urgency of preventing bullying and treating the victims.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de bullying em uma escola pública brasileira e comparar os problemas de comportamento relatados por vítimas ao informado por seus professores. A Escala de Violência Escolar foi utilizada para identificar os alunos vitimas de bullying. Para avaliar problemas comportamentais foram utilizados o Youth Self Report e o Teacher Report Form. Dos 154 adolescentes avaliados, 30 (19,4%) foram identificadas como alvos de bullying, (M idade=12,4 anos, DP=0,7), sendo 24 meninos (80%). Desses, 16 (53,3%) atingiram níveis clínicos de problemas internalizantes, 11(36,6%) de externalizantes e 13 (43,3%) de problemas totais. Esta sub-amostra relatou mais problemas de internalização (F=13,40, p<0,001) e menos problemas de externalização (F=6,63, p<0,01) em comparação ao reportado pelos professores. A alta frequência de vítimas de bullying e os elevados escores de problemas internalizantes e externalizantes nessa sub-amostra apontam para a urgência de prevenir o bullying e tratar as vítimas.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la incidencia de bullying en una escuela pública brasileña y comparar los problemas de comportamiento reportados por las víctimas a lo informado por sus profesores. Para identificar estudiantes víctimas de bullying se utilizó la Escala de Violencia en la Escuela. Para los problemas de comportamiento, se utilizaron Youth Self Report y Teacher Report Form. De 154 adolescentes evaluados, 30(19,4%) fueron identificados como víctimas de bullying (M edad=12,4 años, SD=0,7), 24 chicos (80%). De esos, 16(53,3%) alcanzaron niveles clínicos en problemas de internalización, 11(36,6 %) de externalización y 13(43,3%) de total de problemas. Esta submuestra informó más problemas de internalización (F=13,40, p<0,001) y menos problemas de externalización (F=6,63, p< 0,01) en comparación con los profesores. La alta frecuencia de víctimas de bullying, así como las altas puntuaciones de internalización y externalización en esta submuestra señala la urgencia de la prevención bullying y el del tratamiento de las víctimas.

Bullying entre estudantes com e sem características de dotação e talento / Bullying among students with and without characteristics of giftedness

Para comparar a ocorrência de bullying entre alunos com e sem características de dotação e talento (D&T), aplicou-se um questionário em 339 estudantes do ensino fundamental, sendo que 59 deles possuíam D&T. Não foram identificadas diferenças significativas entre os subgrupos com e sem D&T quanto ao envolvimento com bullying, aos tipos de agressões sofridas e a variáveis sociométricas. Os alunos com D&T adotam mais frequentemente o comportamento de pedir auxílio para combater o bullying. Os discentes com talento para arte são mais vitimizados que os colegas com D&T em outros domínios. Ainda que poucas variáveis relacionadas ao ajustamento socioemocional tenham sido investigadas, os resultados permitem inferir que estudantes com D&T não diferem necessariamente dos pares nesse âmbito do desenvolvimento humano...

To compare the occurrence of bullying among students with and without characteristics of giftedness and talent it was applied a questionnaire to 339 elementary school students, being 59 of them gifted students. No significant differences were found between subgroups with and without giftedness in regard to their involvement with bullying, types of aggression suffered and sociometric variables. Gifted students more often adopt the behavior of calling for help to combat bullying. Students with talent for arts tend to be more victimized than the ones gifted in other domains. Although few variables related to socioemotional adjustment have been investigated, the results may imply that students with giftedness do not necessarily differ from peers regarding that aspect of human development...

Punição corporal aplicada por funcionários de duas escolas públicas brasileiras: prevalence in two public schools / Corporal punishment by school staff in Brazil: prevalencia en dos escuelas públicas Brasileñas / Castigo corporal por los empleados de escuelas

Esse estudo identificou casos de alunos vítimas de agressões físicas por parte de funcionários de escolas brasileiras e verificou sua relação com características demográficas, depressão e engajamento escolar. Responderam ao Questionário de Investigação de Prevalência de Violência Escolar, ao Inventário de Depressão Infantil e à Escala de Engajamento Escolar 396 estudantes de duas escolas públicas. No total, 21 alunos foram agredidos fisicamente por funcionários (AFF). Houve diferenças significativas entre o grupo AFF e o dos que não foram agredidos fisicamente (NAFF). No primeiro houve maior proporção de alunos do sexo feminino, de alunos violentos com os pares e de alunos vítimas de colegas, e maior índice de depressão. Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos quanto aos aspectos idade, escolaridade, reprovação e engajamento escolar. Supõe-se que o aluno AFF apresente comportamentos de agressão aos colegas e funcionários da escola e que por isso seja agredido, o que o levaria a continuar sendo agressivo com os outros. Tal hipótese deve ser investigada em estudos futuros.

This study identified the prevalence of students who are victims of physical punishment by school staff in Brazil, and verified relations to demographic data, depression and school engagement. 396 students of two public schools answered the School Violence Prevalence Investigation Questionnaire, the Child Depression Inventory and the School Engagement Scale. Totally, 21 students were physically beaten by school staff. There were significant differences between the group of students victims of physical aggression (AFF) and the students that were not victims (NAFF): the former had a higher proportion of female students, students with violent peers, students victims of colleagues, and a higher rates of depression. There were not statistical differences between the groups in respect of gender, age, school background, school failure and school engagement. It is supposed that the student AFF has violent behaviors with peers and school staff and, therefore, which would lead him to continue being aggressive with others. This hypothesis should be investigated in future studies.

Este Este estudio identificó la prevalencia de estudiantes víctimas de castigo físico por los empleados de escuelas brasileñas y posibles relaciones con depresión, demografía y compromiso en la escuela. Respondieron a Cuestionario de Investigación de Prevalencia de Violencia Escolar, Inventario de Depresión para Niños y Escala de Participación Escolar, 396 estudiantes de dos escuelas públicas. En total, 21 estudiantes fueron golpeados físicamente por profesionales de la escuela. Hubo diferencias significativas entre el grupo de estudiantes golpeados para los que no fueron. En el primer grupo hubo una mayor proporción de estudiantes del género femenino, violentos con sus compañeros, víctimas de sus compañeros y mayor tasa de depresión. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos de edad, escolaridad, participación y fracaso escolar. Se supone que el estudiante golpeado presente comportamientos agresivos a colegas y profesionales, por eso, sea atacado, lo que le llevaría a seguir siendo agresivos con los demás. Esta hipótesis se debe investigar en futuros estudios.

An Ecological Study on the Criminal Offences of Adolescent Students Reported on the Daily Newspapers in Korea / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: The present study was performed to identify the socio-psychiatric aspects of adolescent criminal offences reported on daily newspapers and to use them as basic materials for prevention of adolescent criminal offences. METHODS: The author analysed 681 cases of adolescent criminal offenders, including 642 males and 39 females who reported on daily newspaper such as DongA Ilbo and Chung-Cheong Ilbo, aged from 12 through 21. In data analysis, the subjects were divided into two subgroups as the student(261 cases) and the non-student(420 cases). RESULTS: 1) The rate of student were more common in female and younger in their age group comparing with the non-student. Recently, the incidence of student's offences of all adolescent of offences were remarkably increased, while those of the non-student was Decreased. 2) Violence and theft or group offences were more common in the student, while felony or solitary offences were more frequently observed in the non-student. The more vulnerable time of criminal offences in the student were more in afternoon, while the non-student were more in midnight. 3) The psychological conflicts and the economical causes were the most ones in the student, while the curiosity, the personality problems and the heterosexual conflicts were more common in the lion-student. physical aggressions were more prominent ones in the student, compared with the instrumental aggression in the non-student. 4) The student committed offense more in the patterns of group offences with peers, younger in their age and were more often with their peer students, while the non-student committed offense more in the patterns of solitary crime, more prevalent with older aged jobless peers. 5) Most of the victims in the student were more abused to the intimate persons, and more younger students, while those in the non-student were more abused to the unknown persons and more older aged adolescents. CONCLUSION: In order to prevent and correct increasing trends of violence in school, nationwide guidance programs should be promptly applied through promotion of psychological wellbeing in family and school, proper guidance to peer relationship, and providing more opportunities for sound recreational activities in evening time to help dissipate the frustration of the adolescents.