Case report of a chest wall cystic hygroma in a teenager

Cystic hygroma or cystic lymphangioma is a congenital malformation of lymphatic origin. Their occurrence on the chest wall is very rare, and they progressively grow with age infiltrating into the local tissues, around muscle fibers and nerves, making them difficult and hazardous to remove. There are various treatment modalities of such lesion. Based on the literature surgical excision is the preferred treatment of choice in cystic hygroma because it gives a better cure rate compared to other modalities. We report a case successful excision of anterolateral chest wall cystic hygroma in a teenager in Hospital Serdang. KEY WORDS:

Caries secundaria

La caries secundaria también denominada caries recurrente constituye una de las razones principales de reemplazo de las restauraciones. Es una lesión de caries que se localiza adyacente a una restauración, y puede originarse como una lesión externa y /o lesión de pared. El diagnóstico clínico, esta basado en la presencia de pigmentación y brecha marginal, ambos signos no son criterios absolutos para el diagnóstico de caries secundaria. En la siguiente revisión se exponen estudios recientes de la asociación entre caries secundaria con los siguientes aspectos: brecha marginal, pigmentación marginal, dentina afectada y material restaurador.

The secondary or recurrent caries is one of the main reasons for replacement of restorations. The lesion secondary caries occurs at the margin of an existing restoration, and consist of two parts, an outer lesion and/or a wall lesion. The clinical diagnosis, is based on the presence of staining and ditching marginal, both signs are not absolute criteria for the diagnosis of secondary caries. The next literature review presents recent studies of the association between secondary caries to the following: marginal ditching, marginal staining, affected dentin and restorative material.