Vitamin k – the ignorant nutrient.

Vitamins are widely classify as water soluble and fat soluble vitamins. Fat soluble Vitamin K is called as “Forgotten Vitamin” due to the important vitamin that are usually over looked by Scientist and Nutritionist. The name Vitamin K is discovered from German word Koagulation because vitamin K play important role in blood coagulation. Vitamin K is found in the dark green vegetables and vitamin. The main source of this vitamin are not found in leafy green vegetables and that is vitamin K1, which responsible for blood clotting and serves a different Function than K2.

Validation and application of chromatographic methods for determination of vitamins in supplements / Validação e aplicação de métodos cromatográficos para determinação de vitaminas em suplementos

Two methodologies were proposed for determining vitamins in supplements by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC): one for simultaneous determination of fat soluble vitamins (retinyl acetate, retinyl palmitate, -tocopheryl acetate and -carotene), and the other for the simultaneous determination of water soluble vitamins (B1, C, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, B6 and pantothenic acid). The methodologies were validated using certified reference material SRM 3280 from NIST and vitamins standards. The limits of detection (LODs) and the limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 0.3 to 4.3 µg/mL and from 0.5 to 14.0 µg/mL, respectively. The recoveries of spiked vitamin standards in supplements ranged from 92 % to 109 %, and from 86 % to 108 % in the reference material. The repeatability was calculated by the relative standard deviation (RSD), with values from 0.2 % to 9.6 %. The validated methods were applied for determining vitamins A, E, B1, C, niacin, B6 and pantothenic acid in 10 multivitamin supplements samples. Both methods are suitable for determining vitamins in multivitamin supplements, and their applications will be essential, considering the urgent need for monitoring and for surveying these products.

Foram propostas duas metodologias para realizar a determinação de vitaminas em suplementos por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE): uma para a determinação simultânea de vitaminas lipossolúveis (acetato de retinol, palmitato de retinol, acetato de -tocoferol e -caroteno) e outra para a determinação simultânea de vitaminas hidrossolúveis (B1, vitamina C, nicotinamida, ácido nicotínico, B6 e ácido pantotênico). A validação das metodologias foi realizada utilizando-se material de referência certificado SRM 3280 do NIST e padrões de vitaminas. Os limites de detecção (LDs) e de quantificação (LQs) variaram entre 0,3 e 4,3 µg/mL e entre 0,5 e 14,0 µg/mL, respectivamente. Os percentuais de recuperação dos padrões adicionados nas matrizes variaram entre 92 % e 109 % e entre 86 % e 108 % no material de referência. A repetitividade foi calculada utilizando-se o desvio padrão relativo (RSD); e foram detectados valores entre 0,2 % e 9,6 %. Os métodos validados foram aplicados para a determinação de vitaminas A, E, B1, C, niacina, B6 e ácido pantotênico em 10 amostras de suplementos vitamínicos. Ambos os métodos são adequados para a análise de vitaminas em suplementos e suas aplicações serão imprescindíveis, visto a necessidade urgente de efetuar monitoramento e fiscalização destes produtos.

Validação e aplicação de métodos cromatográficos para determinação de vitaminas em suplementos / Validation and application of chromatographic methods for determination of vitamins in supplements

Foram propostas duas metodologias para realizar a determinação de vitaminas em suplementos porcromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE): uma para a determinação simultânea de vitaminas lipossolúveis (acetato de retinol, palmitato de retinol, acetato de α-tocoferol e β-caroteno) e outra para a determinação simultânea de vitaminas hidrossolúveis (B1, vitamina C, nicotinamida, ácidonicotínico, B6 e ácido pantotênico). A validação das metodologias foi realizada utilizando-se materialde referência certificado SRM 3280 do NIST e padrões de vitaminas. Os limites de detecção (LDs) e de quantificação (LQs) variaram entre 0,3 e 4,3 µg/mL e entre 0,5 e 14,0 µg/mL, respectivamente. Os percentuais de recuperação dos padrões adicionados nas matrizes variaram entre 92 % e 109 % e entre 86 % e 108 % no material de referência. A repetitividade foi calculada utilizando-se o desvio padrão relativo (RSD); e foram detectados valores entre 0,2 % e 9,6 %. Os métodos validados foramaplicados para a determinação de vitaminas A, E, B1, C, niacina, B6 e ácido pantotênico em 10 amostras de suplementos vitamínicos. Ambos os métodos são adequados para a análise de vitaminas em suplementos e suas aplicações serão imprescindíveis, visto a necessidade urgente de efetuarmonitoramento e fiscalização destes produtos.

Two methodologies were proposed to carry out the determination of vitamins in high-performance liquid chromatography (CLAE) supplements: one for the simultaneous determination of liposoluble vitamins (retinol acetate, retinol palmitate, α-tocopherol acetate and β-carotene) and another For the simultaneous determination of water soluble vitamins (B1, vitamin C, nicotinamide, acidicotinic, B6 and pantothenic acid). Validation of methodologies was performed using NIST SRM certified reference material 3280 and vitamin standards. Limits of detection (LDs) and quantification (LQs) varied between 0.3 and 4.3 μg / mL and between 0.5 and 14.0 μg / mL, respectively. The recovery percentages of the standards added in the matrices varied between 92% and 109% and between 86% and 108% in the reference material. Repeatability was calculated using the relative standard deviation (RSD); And values ​​between 0.2% and 9.6% were detected. The validated methods were applied for the determination of vitamins A, E, B1, C, niacin, B6 and pantothenic acid in 10 samples of vitamin supplements. Both methods are suitable for the analysis of vitamins in supplements and their applications will be essential, since there is an urgent need for monitoring and inspection of these products.

Simultaneous determination of vitamin B2 and folic acid in Multivitamin with Multimineral Tablets by HPLC / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of vitamin B2 and folic acid in Multivitamin with Multimineral Tablets. METHODS: The samples were extracted with 0.5% (V/V) ammonia solution. An Alltima C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) was used for the separation with 50 mmol · L-1 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (adjusted pH to 3.0 with H3PO4) and acetonitrile (85-15) as the mobile phase at the flow rate of 0.5 mL · min-1. The detection wavelength was 282 nm. RESULTS: The method showed good linearity for vitamin B2 and folic acid with both correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.9999 in the ranges of 11.52-34.56 and 2.952-8.856 mg · L-1, respectively; the specificity study showed satisfactory resolutions between vitamin B2, folic acid, other ingredients and forced degradation products; the precisions were satisfactory with both relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 2.0%; the spiked recoveriesy at three levels ranged from 97.95% to 102.3% for both compounds; the stability at ambient temperature was acceptable within 8 h for both compounds in combined standard solutions and analytical solutions. Method comparison indicated coincident results between this method and the USP method. CONCLUSION: This method is an accurate, fast and simple method for the simultaneous determination of vitamin B2 and folic acid in Multivitamin with Multimineral Tablets. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Observation on Therapeutic Effect of Water-soluble Vitamins for Injection in Supportive Care of Postoperative Patients with Gastrointestinal Malignancy Undergoing Chemotherapy / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical significance of water-soluble vitamins for injection in supportive care of postoperative tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy.METHODS:Water-soluble vitamins for injection was given to64post operative patients with gastrointestinal malignancy in treatment group for3days before chemotherapy and for7days after chemotherapy;adenosine triphosphate,coenzyme a and kalium chloratum were given to60patients in control group for the same period.Nutritional and oral mucosa condition,hemoglobin and hepatic function were observed before and after chemotherapy.RESULTS:Appetite increased in71.8%patients in treatment group,none was observed in control group(P