Meta-analysis of the efficacy of invisible orthodontic appliances for maxillary molar distalization in adult patients / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy of invisible orthodontic appliances without brackets for the distal movement of maxillary molars to improve the ability of orthodontists to predict treatment outcomes.@*Methods@#Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Wanfang Database, CNKI Database, and VIP Database were searched for studies investigating the efficacy of invisible orthodontic appliances for distal movement of maxillary molars in adult patients and published from database inception to August 1, 2023. A total of three researchers screened the studies and evaluated their quality and conducted a meta-analysis of those that met quality standards.@*Results@#This study included 13 pre- and postcontrol trials with a total sample size of 281 patients. The meta-analysis revealed no significant differences in the sagittal or vertical parameters of the jawbone after treatment when compared with those before treatment (P>0.05). The displacement of the first molar was MD=-2.34, 95% CI (-2.83, -1.85); the displacement was MD=-0.95, 95% CI (-1.34, -0.56); and the inclination was MD=-2.51, 95% CI (-3.56, -1.46). There was a statistically significant difference in the change in sagittal, vertical, and axial tilt of the first molar before and after treatment. After treatment, the average adduction distance of the incisors was MD=-0.82, 95% CI (-1.54, -0.09), and the decrease in lip inclination was MD=-1.61, 95% CI (-2.86, -0.36); these values were significantly different from those before treatment (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Invisible orthodontic appliances can effectively move the upper molars in a distal direction and control the vertical position of the molars. When the molars move further away, there is some degree of compression and distal tilt movement, which is beneficial for patients with high angles. The sagittal movement of incisors is beneficial for improving the patient's profile.

Use of podcasts for health education: a scoping review / Uso de podcasts para educación en salud: una revisión de alcance / Uso de podcasts para educação em saúde: uma revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map the scientific evidence related to the characteristics, themes, and outcomes of using health education podcasts aimed at individuals over 18 years of age in intra or extrahospital environments. Methods: a scoping review, based on the Joanna Briggs Institute method, conducted in 11 databases, including studies from 2004 to 2022. Results: 11 studies were selected, categorized, highlighting the characteristics, evaluated outcomes, areas, and conditions of podcast application, indicating it as an effective tool for promoting behavioral change, health promotion, and social interaction, demonstrating its potential to improve well-being, quality of life, and user/client autonomy. Conclusions: the use of podcasts proves to be an effective, innovative, and low-cost tool, with a significant social impact, being effective for behavioral change, satisfaction, and social interaction. However, the lack of comprehensive studies on podcast development methodologies represents challenges to be overcome.

RESUMEN Objetivos: mapear las evidencias científicas relacionadas con las características, temáticas y resultados del uso de podcasts de educación en salud dirigidos a individuos mayores de 18 años en entornos intra o extrahospitalarios. Métodos: revisión de alcance, basada en el método del Joanna Briggs Institute, realizada en 11 bases de datos, incluyendo estudios de 2004 a 2022. Resultados: se seleccionaron 11 estudios, categorizados y destacando las características, resultados evaluados, áreas y condiciones de aplicación del podcast, señalándolo como una herramienta eficaz para promover el cambio de comportamiento, la promoción de la salud y la interacción social, evidenciando su potencial para mejorar el bienestar, la calidad de vida y la autonomía de los usuarios/clientes. Conclusiones: el uso del podcast demuestra ser una herramienta eficaz, innovadora y de bajo costo, con un impacto social significativo, siendo eficaz para el cambio de comportamiento, la satisfacción y la interacción social. Sin embargo, la falta de estudios exhaustivos sobre las metodologías de desarrollo de podcasts representa desafíos a superar.

RESUMO Objetivos: mapear as evidências científicas relacionadas às características, temáticas e desfechos do uso de podcasts de educação em saúde direcionados para indivíduos maiores de 18 anos nos ambientes intra ou extrahospitalares. Métodos: revisão de escopo, baseando-se no método do Joanna Briggs Institute, realizada em 11 bases de dados, incluindo estudos de 2004 a 2022. Resultados: foram selecionados 11 estudos, categorizados e destacando as características, desfechos avaliados, áreas e condições de aplicação do podcast, apontando-o como uma ferramenta eficaz para promover a mudança comportamental, a promoção da saúde e a interação social, evidenciando seu potencial para melhorar o bem-estar, qualidade de vida e autonomia dos usuários/clientes. Conclusões: o uso do podcast demonstra ser uma ferramenta eficaz, inovadora e de baixo custo, com impacto social significativo, sendo eficaz para mudança comportamental, satisfação e interação social. No entanto, a falta de estudos abrangentes sobre as metodologias de desenvolvimento de podcasts representam desafios a serem superados.

Aplicación web para los procesos docentes de la especialidad Oftalmología

Introducción: Las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (ICT por sus siglas en inglés) han originado la enseñanza mediante los llamados entornos virtuales de enseñanza-aprendizaje. La Universidad Virtual de la salud (UVS) de Pinar del Río, es una de las instituciones que se destaca en este quehacer, no obstante, son insuficientes las publicaciones relacionadas con la virtualización de contenidos en la especialidad de Oftalmología. Objetivo: desarrollar una aplicación web para la virtualización de los procesos docentes en la especialidad de Oftalmología en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río. Métodos: La investigación se basa en el enfoque dialéctico. Desde este enfoque se utilizaron métodos de investigación teóricos: análisis histórico lógico, análisis y síntesis, inducción y deducción, y empíricos: modelación y análisis documental. Para la modelación y diseño de artefactos de ingeniería se utilizó el Enterprise Architect y para la elaboración de la web el WordPress. Resultados: Se podrán visualizar los contenidos de la especialidad en cada uno de los años de rotación, tanto en pregrado como en el postgrado, a través de interfaz gráfica amigable, sencilla y amena. Conclusiones: Con la elaboración de esta aplicación web se resuelven problemas de masividad, espacio y tiempo, así como de llevar el conocimiento más actualizado y pertinente hasta donde están quienes más lo necesitan, sin que tengan que ausentarse de su entorno laboral y familiar, de forma masiva.

Introduction: ICT have originated training in the so-called virtual teaching-learning environments. The UVS of Pinar del Río is one of the institutions that stands out in this task; however, the publications related to the virtualization of contents in the specialty of Ophthalmology are insufficient. Objective: to develop a web application for the virtualization of teaching processes in the specialty of Ophthalmology at the University of Medical Sciences of Pinar Del Río. Methods: the dialectical approach is the basis of the research. Theoretical methods used were: logical-historical analysis, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction; empirical methods included modeling and documentary analysis. The Enterprise Architecture was used for the modeling and design of engineering artifacts, and WordPress was used for the development of the Web. Results: the contents of the specialty might be visualized in both undergraduate and postgraduate years of rotation through a friendly, simple and enjoyable graphical interface. Conclusions: the use of this web application can solve problems of massiveness, space and time, bringing the most updated and relevant knowledge to where people need it, without having to be absent from their work and family environment.

Sistema automatizado para el control de medios de informática, ofimática y comunicaciones CIMIOC

Introducción: en las instituciones pertenecientes al Ministerio de Salud Pública de Cuba, la forma habitual de registrar el control de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación ha sido mediante hojas de Excel, procesadores de texto y fichas técnicas impresas. El control informatizado ofrece ventajas, pero las aplicaciones informáticas existentes a nivel mundial son costosas o no adaptables a los requerimientos. Objetivo: desarrollar una herramienta informática para el control institucional de medios informáticos, ofimáticos y de comunicaciones. Materiales y Métodos: investigación de desarrollo e innovación tecnológica, realizada durante 2018 y 2019, en dos etapas: 1) trabajo de mesa, definición de objetivos y establecimiento de pre-requisitos; 2) desarrollo de la aplicación, siguiendo la política de utilización de software libre. Las pruebas de funcionamiento y la evaluación se realizaron en la empresa MEDICuba S.A. Resultados: se desarrolló y registró una aplicación para el Control Informatizado de Medios de Informática, Ofimática y Comunicaciones (CIMIOC), con interfaz web, base de datos centralizada y un diseño adaptable a varios tipos de dispositivos. Permite registrar cualquier recurso de este tipo, su historial de movimiento, el estado técnico, los programas de mantenimiento y salvas de información, y ofrece diferentes reportes estadísticos. Conclusiones: la herramienta informática CIMIOC ofrece una solución robusta y económica para la gestión de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones, aplicable a cualquier institución. Facilita de manera objetiva el establecimiento de políticas que tributen a elevar los niveles de calidad en los servicios asociados a la utilización intensiva de estas tecnologías. Se recomienda generalizar la implantación en el Sistema Nacional de Salud.

Introduction: in the institutions belonging to the Ministry of Public Health of Cuba, the usual way of recording the control of Information and Communication Technologies has been through Excel sheets, word processors and printed technical sheets. Computerized control offers advantages, but existing computer applications worldwide are expensive or not adaptable to the requirements. Objective: to develop a computer tool for the institutional control of computer, office and communications media. Materials and Methods: technological development and innovation research, carried out during 2018 and 2019, in 2 stages: 1) table work, definition of objectives and establishment of pre-requisites. 2) development of the application, following the policy of use of free software. The performance tests and the evaluation were carried out in the company MEDICuba S.A. Results: an application for the Computerized Control of Informatics, Office Automation and Communications Media (CIMIOC) was developed and registered, with a web interface, centralized database and a design adaptable to various types of devices. It allows recording any resource of this type, its movement history, technical status, maintenance programs and information saves, and offers different statistical reports. Conclusions: the CIMIOC computer tool offers a robust and economical solution for ICT management, applicable to any institution. It objectively facilitates the establishment of policies that contribute to raising quality levels in services associated with the intensive use of ICT. Authors recommend to generalize the implementation in the National Health System.

Scientometric Research Mapping of OMICRON for Scientific Production: A Global Perception Analysis

Background: South Africa reported a new variant of SARS-CoV-2, named 'Omicron,' to the World Health Or-ganization on November 24, 2021. Scientometric analysis quantify all currently available written communica-tion, the authors of that communication, and their citation analysis. The study's goal was to use the Scopus and Web of Science databases to look at the research metrics of Omicron publications published between Jan-uary 1965 and March 2020. Methods:All scientific research outputs with the word 'Omicron' in the title were retrieved from the Web of Science (January 1965 to March 2022) and Scopus (January 1896 to March 2022) databases on April 10, 2022. The data was analyzed based on year-wise publications; leading authors; predominant journals in publishing, highly cited articles with citations; type of publications; subject classification, frequently used keywords, geo-graphical distribution of publication, language, and more contributed institutions. Results: There were 1229 research outputs for WoS and 655 from Scopus. The number of publications for WoS increased from 22 in 1965 to 265 in 2022, while Scopus increased from 1 in 1896 to 356 in 2022. Both the databases identified the author Yuen KY as the highest contributor; Journal of Virology and Nature as the predominant journals; the Lancet as highly cited journal; majority as original articles; frequently used key-words as 'SARS-CoV-2'; the United States of America as the most productive country; majority publication in English. The publications were mainly on the subjects Chemistry and Medicine by WoS and Scopus, respec-tively. The most productive institute was the ‘University of California Systems’ by WoS and the ‘University of Hong Kong’ by Scopus. Conclusion: The term 'Omicron' first appeared in the domain of Chemistry in the late 18th century. The growth pattern of publication was not consistent. The above research metrics will be helpful to researchers in the coming days.

Web-tools for the genomic analysis of the 2022 Monkeypox virus global outbreak / Herramientas web para el análisis genómico del virus de la viruela símica durante el brote mundial de 2022

Abstract The resources and platforms available on the internet for collecting and sharing information and performing genomic sequence analysis have made it possible to follow closely the evolution the evolution of SARS-CoV-2. However, the current monkeypox outbreak in the world brings us back to the need to use these resources to appraise the extent of this outbreak. The objective of this work was an analysis of the information presented so far in the genomic database GISAID EpiPox™, using various tools available on the web. The results indicate that the monkeypox outbreak is referred as MPXV clade II B.1 lineage and sub-lineages, isolated from male patients mainly from the European and American continents. In the current scenario, the access to genomic sequences, epidemiological information, and tools available to the scientific community is of great importance for global public health in order to follow the evolution of pathogens.

Resumen Los recursos y plataformas disponibles en Internet para recopilar, compartir información y realizar análisis de secuencias genómicas han permitido seguir de cerca la evolución del SARS-CoV-2. El actual brote global de viruela del mono en el mundo, requiere de nuevo utilizar estos recursos para conocer el alcance de este brote. El objetivo de este trabajo fue un análisis de la información presentada hasta el momento en la base de datos genómica EpiPox™ de GISAID, utilizando diversas herramientas disponibles en la web. Los resultados indican que el brote de la viruela del mono o símica está referido al linaje y sub-linajes B.1 del clado II de MPXV, aislado principalmente de pacientes hombres de Europa y América. En el escenario actual, el acceso a las secuencias genómicas, la información epidemiológica, y las herramientas disponibles para la comunidad científica son de gran importancia para la salud pública mundial con el fin de seguir la evolución de los patógenos.

Free perforator flap of radial collateral artery on reconstruction of first web contracture after hand injury / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To summarise the effect of free perforator flap of radial collateral artery on reconstruction of first web contracture after hand injury.Methods:Retrospective analysis was conducted based on the clinical data of patients with first web contracture after hand injury in the Department of Hand and Foot Surgery and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital from November 2019 to June 2022. Ten patients, 8 males and 2 females aged between 27 and 51 years old with an average of 40.5 years old were included. There were 6 left hands and 4 right hands. Width and the included angle of first web were measured before surgery. Four hands were classified as severe first web contracture, and the rest of 6 hands had moderate first web contracture. After release scars of the first web, the areas of wound were 5.5 cm × 2.0 cm - 10.5 cm × 3.0 cm. The flaps sized were 6.0 cm×2.5 cm - 11.0 cm × 3.5 cm. All of flaps carried the posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm. Donor sites were closed directly. All patients were included in postoperative follow-up regularly through outpatient clinic or via WeChat reviews. The colour, texture, process in change of the transferred flaps, donor and recipient sites healing and complications were observed.Results:All 10 flaps survived and the wound healed by first intention. The patients received 7 to 15 months (10.5 months in average) of postoperative follow-up. The flaps were not bulky, texture and colour were satisfactory and without pigmentation. Protective sensations restored in 6 patients. At the last follow-up, average included angle of the first webs was 47.14°±1.68°, in comparison with 35.43°±3.60° before surgery. The average width of first webs was 5.34 cm±0.52 cm, in comparison with 3.17 cm±0.75 cm before surgery, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01). Eight hands were rated excellent, and 2 were good. There were only linear scars left at the donor sites, without sign of radial nerve injury. Conclusion:The free perforator flap of radial collateral artery is a safe and effective method for repair of first web contracture after hand injury.

Observation and clinical significance of skin in the first web space / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To scientifically measure and morphologically evaluate the anatomical shape of the skin in the first web space based on cadavers, and to guide the design of flap in this area.Methods:Sixteen human cadavers fixed with 10% formaldehyde without injury or deformity on the hand were selected in the Department of Hand Surgery, the Third Hospital of Suqian. According to the characteristics of the first web area, marker points were selected for measurement and morphological observation. Morphological characteristics of the first web with thumb radial abduction(r) or palmar abduction(p) were measured and compared. The t-test was used for statistical analysis. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. According to the results of measurement, standardised shapes and parameters of the skin were obtained for flap repair of defect of the first web. Results:When the thumb was in palmar abduction, the maximum distance [a(p)] of the first web of female(F) and male(M) was 5.78/8.42 cm(F/M), and the skin [S(p)] was 17.09/23.63 cm 2(F/M), both were significantly greater than the distance [a(r)] at 4.86/6.28 cm and the area of skin area [S(r)] at 14.39/20.15 cm 2 when thumb was in the radial abduction position( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of [b(r)] and [b(p)] alone the long axis of flap between palmar and radial abductions(7.54/9.38 cm and 7.34/9.74 cm, respectively) of the thumb( P>0.05). It was found that the area of first web was not shaped as a symmetrical spindle, but an irregular quadrilateral inclined to the index finger. Conclusion:Design and measurement of a flap for the first web space should take the maximum palmar abduction of a thumb as a reference. The asymmetric quadrilateral flap design is more in line with the anatomical and characteristics in the region.

Visual analysis of the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on Web of Science / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To analyze the current status， hotspots and development trends of research on the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）， providing reference for subsequent research. METHODS Searching the Web of Science database， the literature related to the treatment of NAFLD from the establishment of the database to December 31， 2022 were collected. CiteSpace 6.1.R6 was used to construct a visual atlas， perform collaborative network analysis on authors， countries and institutions， and conduct keyword co-occurrence， clustering and emergence analysis to explore its research status and hotspots. RESULTS A total of 3 882 articles were included， and the number of publications had been increasing year by year. The top three countries in terms of publication volume were China， the United States， and Japan. The author with the highest volume of publications was Sanyal from the United States （37 articles）， while the institution with the highest volume of publications was the University of California， San Diego （75 articles）. A closely connected research team abroad mainly conducted large-scale randomized controlled trials （RCT） to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various interventions， including medication and lifestyle， in treating NAFLD. However， domestic researches mainly focused on basic researches about the treatment of NAFLD with effective medicinal ingredients， and were characterized by traditional Chinese medicine. There were relatively few high-quality large-scale RCT studies related to it. Keyword analysis showed that researches in various countries mainly focused on regulating liver oxidative stress and inflammation， improving the overall balance of glucose and lipid metabolism. Except for hypoglycemic drugs， drugs that act on various comprehensive metabolic homeostasis targets in the body had entered clinical research， and had enormous therapeutic potential. CONCLUSIONS The research on NAFLD treatment continues to grow in popularity and tends to research targets and drugs for regulating systemic metabolic homeostasis. As the main force of research， China should strengthen communication with the international community， grasp the trends and directions of basic research， attach importance to clinical research， and continuously tap the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine.

Analysis of the Development Trend in Forensic Odontology Based on CiteSpace / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To realize the dynamic visualization of forensic odontology based on the bibliometrics methods, and capture the research hotspots and identify the future development trend.@*METHODS@#Literature articles published from January 1995 to December 2020 were searched according to specific subject words in the core data set of Web of Science. The visualization analysis of publishing country, institution, discipline, author, co-cited journal and keywords was performed by CiteSpace 5.7.R5W software.@*RESULTS@#The annual analysis of publications showed an upward trend of forensic odontology research literature year by year, with the number of annual publications more than 110 in the last five years. Developed countries were the main source of contributions and the average centrality was greater than 0.2. The research of forensic odontology involved multiple disciplines, including stomatology, biology, computer science and medical imaging, with a distinct interdisciplinary feature. A total of 115 nodes were obtained by keyword cluster analysis. The principal line of forensic odontology mainly included individual identification and age estimation and the emergence of hotspots was closely related to new technologies. Population-based odontology investigation, improvement of traditional dental age estimation method and dental age estimation based on new technology were popular research in forensic odontology.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Developing countries urgently need to increase the focus on related research. It may be an important direction for the development of forensic odontology to establish and enrich the regional dental database, develop new odontology identification technology combined with frontier and high-end technology, and develop the identification program based on advanced information technology.

Visual analysis of social isolation studies on adolescents based on Web of Science / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo perform visual analysis of the literature in the field of adolescent social isolation in order to provide reference for research on social isolation of Chinese teenagers. MethodsLiterature related to adolescent social isolation was retrieved from the Web of Science core collection database from September 2013 to September 2022. CiteSpace 6.1.R3 software was used to conduct bibliometric analysis on publication volume， publication organization， keyword clustering， keyword salience， and time⁃line map of hot words. ResultsA total of 1 347 related articles were screened out， and the overall number of publications from 2013 showed an upward trend. The largest number of articles came from the United States with 521 （38.68%）， and China ranked 6th with 79 （5.86%）. The top three institutions were Columbia University in the United States （29 articles）， King's College London in the United Kingdom （28 articles） and the University of London in the United Kingdom （27 articles）. Research hotspots mainly focused on social isolation， physical and mental health， loneliness， quality of life and comprehensive interventions. ConclusionIn recent years， the problem of adolescent social isolation has attracted continuous attention from foreign scholars. Based on our national conditions， we should conduct relevant screening and preventive assessment for social isolation of special youth groups， so as to conduct early management and intervention.

System Construction, Practice, and Explanation of the Answer for the “Common Kampo Test” / 日本東洋医学雑誌

At the 71st Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Oriental Medicine held in August 2021, we performed a special program focusing on education in Kampo medicine, “Pre-graduation and post-graduation education in Kampo medicine for the next generation.” As a part of this project, we constructed the “Common Kampo test” based on the “Standard lectures on Kampo” as a web-based test using Moodle, and then the test was conducted in the form of a web test with 163 participants. The commentary of the “Common Kampo test” was live-streamed and was viewed by many participants, including students, educators and academics from all over Japan. In this paper, we report on the series covering the construction of the web system, creation of questions, answer results, and commentary on answers. With the recent popularization of tablet devices and smartphones, this web-based test system has the potential to become a scientifically based and optimal learning system not only for students but also for medical professionals such as doctors, pharmacists, and nurses.

Behavioral Intention Scale for End-of-life DiscussionsReliability and Validity Using a Web-based Survey

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the behavioral intention scale for end-of-life discussions. Methods: The scale items were developed according to the Theory of Planned Behavior. The drafts of the scale were created by Item-Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and a preliminary test. In the main study, we administered a cross-sectional questionnaire on the web to the participants 20–79 years of age (n=860), living in Tokyo and six surrounding prefectures, and a retest one week later (n=665). We examined item analysis, calculation of a reliability coefficient (intraclass correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient), construct validity, and concurrent validity of the scale. Results: Six factors identified by an exploratory factor analysis were; outcome evaluation, perceived power, control beliefs, motivation to comply, normative beliefs, and behavioral beliefs. The alpha coefficient of the overall scale was .96. The effect size that was determined based on known-groups validity and the correlation coefficient determined on the basis of concurrent validity were moderate. Conclusions: The reliability and validity of the scale were generally confirmed.

Control de historias clínicas clasificadas por patologías a través de una aplicación web

Introducción: Las aplicaciones web actualmente son indispensables para el manejo de los datos en toda organización, permite al usuario acceder y utilizar la información desde cualquier parte del mundo. El uso de las aplicaciones web ha propiciado la agilización de varios procesos. Objetivo: Emplear una aplicación web desarrollada mediante software libre para el control y clasificación de historias clínicas por diferentes patologías del Centro Médico Salud y Vida de Ibarra, Ecuador. Método: Se aplicó una investigación de modalidad mixta cualitativa-cuantitativa la misma que permitió identificar necesidades reales de los pacientes y de los profesionales de esta casa de salud. El uso de la investigación histórica ayudó a conocer cada uno de los procesos que fueron tomados en cuenta en la generación de la historia clínica y cómo poder clasificarlas por patologías. Con ayuda de la investigación bibliográfica se logró recopilar definiciones necesarias para argumentar la base teórica del artículo; a través de la encuesta y entrevista se identificó la disconformidad de los pacientes por factores como el tiempo de espera, la deficiencia de búsqueda y peor aún no encontrarse registrados. Resultados: La agilidad en los procesos de registro de los pacientes y cada uno con su respectiva historia clínica permite que en las próximas citas los especialistas continúen con su diagnóstico. Conclusiones: La aplicación web agiliza de manera efectiva los procesos relacionados a las historias clínicas, lo que contribuye al control y clasificación de dicha documentación.

Introduction: Web applications are currently essential for data management in any organization, they allow the user to access and use information from anywhere in the world. The use of web applications has led to the streamlining of several processes. Objective: To use a web application developed using free software for the control and classification of medical records for different pathologies in the Health and Life Medical Center of Ibarra, Ecuador. Method: A qualitative-quantitative mixed modality research was applied, which allowed us to identify the real needs of the patients and professionals of this health home. The use of historical research helped to know each of the processes that were taken into account in the generation of the clinical history and how to classify them by pathologies. With the help of bibliographic research, it was possible to compile the necessary definitions to argue the theoretical basis of the article; Through the survey and interview, patient dissatisfaction was identified due to factors such as waiting time, search deficiency and, even worse, not being registered. Results: The agility in the patient registration processes and each one with their respective medical history allows the specialists to continue with their diagnosis in the next appointments. Conclusions: The web application effectively streamlines the processes related to medical records, which contributes to the control and classification of said documentation.

Introdução: As aplicações web são atualmente essenciais para a gestão de dados em qualquer organização, pois permitem ao usuário acessar e utilizar informações de qualquer lugar do mundo. A utilização de aplicações web tem levado à agilização de diversos processos. Objetivo: Utilizar uma aplicação web desenvolvida em software livre para o controle e classificação de prontuários de diferentes patologias no Centro Médico Saúde e Vida de Ibarra, Equador. Método: Foi aplicada uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa de modalidade mista, que permitiu identificar as reais necessidades dos pacientes e profissionais desta casa de saúde. A utilização da pesquisa histórica ajudou a conhecer cada um dos processos que foram levados em consideração na geração da história clínica e como classificá-los por patologias. Com o auxílio da pesquisa bibliográfica foi possível compilar as definições necessárias para argumentar a base teórica do artigo; Por meio da pesquisa e entrevista, foi identificada a insatisfação dos pacientes devido a fatores como tempo de espera, deficiência na busca e, pior ainda, não estar cadastrado. Resultados: A agilidade nos processos de cadastramento de pacientes e cada um com seu respectivo histórico permite que os especialistas continuem com seu diagnóstico nas próximas consultas. Conclusões: A aplicação web agiliza eficazmente os processos relacionados com os registos médicos, o que contribui para o controlo e classificação da referida documentação.

A comparative analysis of two national tuberculosis reporting systems and their impact on tuberculosis case notification in Uganda

Background: Before 2018, the use of parallel tuberculosis (TB) reporting systems was resource intensive with duplication of efforts and hence the need to select one that contributed to better TB case notification at the National TB and Leprosy Program (NLTP) in Uganda. We sought to analyse the difference in reporting rates between the two systems in order to improve NTLP TB case notification rates, logistics management, and planning for better health service delivery initiatives. Methods: We conducted a comparative study to assess TB case notification between the web-based DHIS2 and the district TB supervisor-led health management information system between January 2016 to December 2017. We used Poisson regression analysis to assess the statistical differences in reporting rates between the two reporting systems. Results: The association between TB case notification and the type of reporting system was statistically significant (Prob > chi2 = 0.0000). The Incident Rate Ratio (IRR) for the web-enabled DHIS2 system versus the district TB supervisor-led health management information system was 1.106625. Conclusion: The web-based integrated DHIS2 system was more effective in reporting missing TB cases. It presents an opportunity for better planning and allocation of resources for improved service delivery in a low-income setting.

Perspectives of nursing students on challenges of e-learning during early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: E-learning is becoming an important approach to teaching and learning in higher education institutions, including nursing training. Despite that, there are students who were never introduced to e-learning prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Their challenges in relation to e-learning could differ from those of other students who had experienced the platform before, especially against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic that brought an abrupt change in the approach to teaching, learning and assessment. Objectives: This study explored and described university nursing students' challenges in relation to e-learning during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in a resource-constrained setting. Method: Qualitative exploratory and contextual design was used. The sample consisted of 17 participants who were conveniently selected, and data were collected by means of two focus groups and five individual interviews. Data analysis followed a qualitative content analysis process. Results: The five categories emanated from analysis are e-learning mode not suitable for practical components, challenges related to assessment of learning, connectivity issues, e-learning is a lonely journey and computer illiteracy and limited skills for the use of e-learning. Conclusion: Nursing students' challenges regarding e-learning during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic related to the learning of practical components, assessment, connectivity, a lack of interaction with peers and a lack of the skills required to operate e-learning tools.

A Study On Utility of Web-Based Drug Warehouse Management System (E-Aushadhi) In A Peripheral Hospital of Metropolitan City of Maharashtra

Introduction: An E-Aushadhi management system based on database was introduced in urban health centre for managing stock outs. This study was conducted to assess utility of web-based drug warehouse management system in a peripheral hospital. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the perceived benefits and difficulties by health care providers expected in introducing a web-based Supply Chain Management System (E-aushadhi) and to identify the factors which will govern successful transition from current system of drug logistics man-agement to web-based system. Methods and materials: In this study Focus Group Discussion was conducted with the staff members of an urban health centre who were working on a similar web-based platforms. There are four teams each comprising 3-5 members. Results: Themes and subthemes were made based on the transcripts analysed. It is perceived that with introduction of web-based drug warehouse system, accuracy of the data can be well assured as manual errors can be reduced a lot. Quality of stock maintenance will increase and will prevent stock outs Conclusion: The accuracy and transparency of drug stock maintenance will be increased while technical challenges such as internet availability, technician availability and training of personnel are perceived barriers.

Comparison of ultrasonography learning between distance teaching and traditional methodology. An educational systematic review

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Use of the web for radiological education is an obvious application. Many computer-based teaching materials have been developed over recent years, and e-learning is becoming increasingly popular in medical schools. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the effectiveness of distance-learning and/or e-learning, m-learning and web-based methods are equivalent to traditional methods. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review of comparative studies of teaching techniques guided by Best Evidence Medical Education. METHODS: A search was carried out in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Tripdatabase, CINAHL and LILACS online databases in April 2020, for original publications in all languages. The following MeSH terms were used: Ultrasonography; Teleradiology; Telemedicine; Education, Medical; Teaching; and Simulation Training; along with the terms e-learning, m-learning and web-based. All eligible studies were assessed using the Kirkpatrick model and Buckley's quality indicators. RESULTS: The search in the databases and a manual search resulted in 4549 articles, of which 16 had sufficient methodological quality for their inclusion. From analysis of these data, it was observed that teaching of ultrasonography using telemedicine methods is similar to the traditional method, except for venous access procedures, for which the studies did not show agreement. CONCLUSION: We found that learning via telemedicine methodologies presents great acceptance among students, besides demonstrating quality similar to the traditional method. Thus, at least at the moment, this has the capacity to serve as an important adjunct in the teaching of ultrasonography. REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/CGUPA at the OPENSCIENCE Framework.

SIPEA: Aplicación web para el Hospital Celia Sánchez Manduley en Manzanillo / SIPEA: Web Application for Celia Sánchez Manduley Hospital in Manzanillo

Anemia is the most common blood disorder in the world, affecting millions of people yearly. It has multiple causes and jeopardizes development, growth and learning. Current tools provide non-hematologist doctors with just numbers. The present paper proposes a web application intended to provide doctors at Celia Sánchez Manduley Hospital in Manzanillo with a tool for determining the morphologic type of anemia, creating a list of possible causes, and also storing patient data in a database for future researches. As an information system, the website constitutes a powerful tool for the decision-making process, in particular, the diagnostic process, intended to provide more detailed information on anemia as well as to foster the information management at the hospital. For the application, HTML, CSS, JavaScript and PHP were used as languages; Apache as a web server; CodeIgniter as a PHP framework; MariaDB as a database management system; and Visual Studio Code as a development environment(AU)

La anemia afecta a millones de personas anualmente, esta obedece a múltiples causas y compromete el crecimiento, desarrollo y aprendizaje. Las herramientas actuales ofrecen al médico no especialista en hematología solo cifras. El presente trabajo propone una aplicación web con la cual se pretende brindar a los médicos del Hospital Celia Sánchez Manduley en Manzanillo una herramienta para la determinación del tipo morfológico de anemia, la elaboración de un listado de las posibles causas que la originan, así como el almacenamiento de datos de los pacientes para futuras investigaciones, y con ello contribuir a la toma de decisiones, en particular, al proceso de diagnóstico, y a una mejor gestión de información en el hospital. Para la aplicación se utilizaron los lenguajes HTML, CSS, JavaScript y PHP, el servidor web Apache, el framework PHP CodeIgniter, el gestor de base de datos MariaDB y el entorno de desarrollo Visual Studio Code(AU)

Machine learning approaches to identify profiles and predictors of psychosocial discomfort among Italian college students / Enfoques de machine learning para identificar perfiles y predictores de malestar psicosocial entre estudiantes universitarios italianos

Abstract Introduction College students live a crucial period of transition from late adolescence to adulthood when they have to deal with important stressful tasks. Thus, university often represents a stressful environment, pushing students to cope with a high academic pressure. As a result, this period constitutes a sensitive age for the onset of mental disorders. Typically, students are not aware of the early signs of their own compromised mental health until symptoms aggravate to an overt disorder. Therefore, it is important to timely detect subthreshold symptoms mostly related to generic mental distress. Objective First, to assess psychophysical well-being and mental distress among college students in northern Italy, and to detect predictors, among socio-demographic and academic characteristics, and risky drug use of these two outcomes. Method The study involved 13,886 students who received an email explaining the purpose of the e-research. The questionnaires used were the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the University Stress Scale (USS), and a modified version of World Health Organization-ASSIST v3.0. Results 3,754 students completed the web-survey. Students showed poor well-being and mental distress. The strongest predictor of mental distress and compromised well-being was physical health, followed by sex, study field, risky drug use, and academic performance concerns. Discussion and conclusion This study shows that it is very important to promote in college students healthy behaviors in order to increase their physical exercise and reduce substance use. Moreover, it would be desirable to improve academic counselling facilities as an important front-line service to intercept mental health issues among young adults.

Resumen Introducción Los estudiantes universitarios pasan por un periodo crucial en su transición de la adolescencia tardía a la edad adulta, periodo en que tienen que lidiar con tareas estresantes. La universidad representa un entorno estresante, que empuja a los estudiantes a hacer frente a una alta presión académica. Como resultado, este periodo constituye una edad sensible para la aparición de trastornos mentales. En general, los estudiantes no cobran consciencia de los primeros signos de que su propia salud mental está en riesgo sino hasta que los síntomas se agravan y se convierten en un trastorno manifiesto. Por tanto, es importante detectar oportunamente los síntomas subumbrales relacionados ante todo con la angustia mental genérica. Objetivo Evaluar el bienestar psicofísico y la angustia mental entre estudiantes universitarios del norte de Italia, y en segundo lugar, detectar predictores entre las características sociodemográficas y académicas, y el uso de drogas de estos dos resultados. Método En el estudio participaron 13,886 estudiantes que recibieron un correo electrónico que explicaba el propósito de la investigación. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ-12), la Escala de Estrés Universitario (USS) y una versión modificada de la Organización Mundial de la Salud-ASSIST v3.0. Resultados 3,754 estudiantes completaron la encuesta en línea. Los estudiantes mostraron bienestar y angustia mental. El predictor más fuerte de angustia mental y bienestar comprometido fue la salud física, seguido del sexo, el campo de estudio, el uso de drogas y el rendimiento académico. Discusión y conclusión Este estudio muestra que es muy importante promover entre los estudiantes universitarios comportamientos saludables para promover el ejercicio físico y reducir el consumo de sustancias. Además, sería deseable mejorar la orientación académica que es un importante servicio de primera línea para interceptar los problemas de salud mental en los estudiantes.