Nesidioblastosis en adolescentes: A propósito de un caso

Objetivos: Describir la presentación de un caso clínico de nesidioblastosis en una paciente adolescente. Caso clínico: Adolescente femenina de 14 años de edad, con inicio de enfermedad actual en Febrero/2013, caracterizada por cefalea de moderada intensidad, concomitantemente diaforesis y mareos; en Marzo/2013 presenta movimientos tónico-clónicos generalizados, retroversión ocular con pérdida del estado de conciencia (en 2 oportunidades), es trasladada a centro médico donde evidencian glucemia en 48 mg/dl y 40 mg/dl respectivamente, colocan solución dextrosa con mejoría. Estudios complementarios revelan: hipoglucemia en ayunas: glucemia 40 mg/dl, para vun valor de insulina de 46,7 μUI/ml; es ingresada realizándose prueba de ayuno de 72 horas, a las 10 horas del inicio de la misma se evidencia triada de Whipple, y las muestras confirmaron hipoglucemia por hiperinsulinismo endógeno; se realizan estudios de localización sin evidencia de lesión. El 24/07/13 se realiza laparotomía abierta. Biopsia post-operatoria reportó: hiperplasia de las células de los islotes de Langerhans. En su post-operatorio tardío presenta síntomas de hipoglucemia. Se sugiere completar la cirugía, se inicia manejo farmacológico con Verapamilo a dosis de 40 mg cada 8 horas, con respuesta satisfactoria. Conclusión: La nesidioblastosis en una causa rara de hipoglucemia por hiperinsulinismo endógeno en el adulto, sin casos reportados en adolescentes, clínicamente es indistinguible del insulinoma; bioquímicamente es necesario documentar la hipoglucemia hiperinsulinémica mediante una prueba de ayuno de 72 horas, los estudios de extensión no aportan datos específicos, el tratamiento de elección es la cirugía, el tratamiento médico está reservado principalmente para casos con alto riesgo quirúrgico y recidivas.

Objectives: To describe a clinical case of nesidioblastosis in a teenage patient. Clinical case: This is a fourteen-year-old female teenage patient, with current illness starting on February/2013 characterized by headache of moderate intensity, concomitantly diaphoresis and dizziness. In March/2013 she presents generalized tonic-clonic movements, ocular retroversion with loss of consciousness (2 opportunities) and is referred to a medical center where they find a glycemia of 48 mg/dl and 40 mg/dl respectively, improving with glucose solution. Since complementary studies revealed fasting hypoglycemia: glycemia 40 mg/dl for insulin value 46.7 μUI/ml, the patient is hospitalized for a 72 hours fasting test, and at 10 hours from the start, a Whipple triad is evidenced, and blood tests confirmed hypoglycemia due to endogenous hyperinsulinism. Localization studies are performed with no evidence of a lesion. On 07/24/2013 an open laparotomy is carried out. Postoperatory biopsy reported: Langerhans islet cell hyperplasia. During late postoperative period, hypoglycemic symptoms reappear. It is suggested to complete surgery and pharmacological management with Verapamil at 40 mg every 8 hours is started, with a satisfactory response. Conclusion: Nesidioblastosis is a rare cause of hypoglycemia by endogenous hyperinsulinism in adults, with no case reports in teenagers. It is clinically indistinguishable from insulinoma and it is necessary to biochemically demonstrate hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia with a 72 hour fasting test. Imaging studies don’t provide specific data. Surgical treatment is first choice and pharmacological treatment is reserved mainly for high-risk surgical patients and recurrence.

Analysis of diagnosis and surgical treatment of insulinoma in 32 cases / 中国综合临床

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of insulinoma. Methods The clinical data of 32 patients with insulinoma were analyzed retrospectively. Of the 32 patients, 19 patients were performed with simple tumor enucleation, 10 patients with pancreatic body and tail resection, 3 patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy. Results In this study, 20 cases were diagnosed and localized the tumor by type-B abdominal ultrasonic and enhanced spiral CT before operation and 12 cases by intraoperative type-B ultrasonic. Within all patients,9 tumors located in the head of pancreas, 15 tumors in the neck , 8 tumors in the tail. The clinical symptoms in 32 cases disappeared after operation with 2 cases followed by pancreatic leakage. Of all 32 cases with insulinoma,28 tumors were diagnosed as benign and the other 4 as malignant. Conclusions The mainly clinical manifestation of insulinoma is typical whipple triad. Preoperative qualitative diagnosis is practicable according to the clinical symptom and laboratory examination. Combined imaging examinations might be helpful in improving the positive test rates. Intraoperation exploration and ultrasonography are the chief methods for the tumor localization. Site, size, number and depth of the tumor are the key points determining the surgical method style.