Effect of transanal mucosal flap displacement and transanal intersphincterotomy on the treatment of complex anal fistulas and their influence on the pressure of anorectal canal / 临床外科杂志

Objective To explore the effect of Endoanal advancement flap(ERAF)and transanal opening of interphincteric space(TROPIS)in the treatment of complex anal fistula and their impact on anorectal pressure,so as to provide a reference for clinical selection of surgical methods.Methods Eighty-four patients with complex anal fistula admitted from October 2018 to October 2022 were divided into group E received ERAF treatment(n=48)and group T received TROPIS treatment(n=36).The clinical efficacy,operation,wound surface and anorectal pressure of the two groups were compared.Results The effective rate of treatment in Group T was 97.22％,which was higher than that in Group E(87.50％),with no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05).The surgical time[(31.53 ±7.29)minutes],intraoperative bleeding volume[(29.56±7.37)ml],and wound area[(10.03± 0.96)cm2,(8.76±0.87)cm2,(6.20±0.77)cm2]on the day of surgery,7 and 14 days after surgery in Group T were all smaller than those in Group E[(35.36±8.54)min,(36.86±8.04)ml,(12.09± 1.23)cm2,(10.52±1.09)cm2 and(7.36±0.85)cm2](P＜0.05).After surgery,the VAS score and Wexner incontinence score of Group T were(1.38±0.27)and(0.21±0.08),respectively.Group E was(1.56±0.29)and(0.33±0.09),respectively.In group T,the anorectal systolic pressure at 20 mm and 30 mm and the anorectal resting pressure at 20 mm and 30 mm were(138.18±29.58)mmHg,(136.22±35.41)mmHg,(35.47±6.58)mmHg,and(32.97±8.01)mmHg,respectively.In Group E,the data was(152.78±31.53)mmHg,(156.29±32.74)mmHg,(38.29±7.62)mmHg and(36.41±7.63)mmHg,respectively.Both groups showed a decrease in score and anorectal pressure,and group T was lower than group E(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in Group E was 20.83％,which was higher than that in Group T(11.11％),but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion TROPIS has a better effect in the treatment of complex anal fistula,which can shorten the operation time,reduce intraoperative bleeding,reduce postoperative pain,and protect anal function.

Application of bilateral V-Y advancement island flaps on buttocks in repair of postoperative defects in patients with perianal Paget′s disease / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of bilateral V-Y advancement island flaps on buttocks in repairing postoperative defects in patients with perianal Paget′s disease.Methods:From January 2009 to January 2021, a retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data collected from 13 patients with perianal Paget′s disease, whose perianal defects resulting from the tumor resection were reconstructed with bilateral V-Y advancement island flaps on the buttocks in the Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People′s Hospital. The postoperative recovery of the buttocks and the effects on the defecation function were evaluated.Results:The areas of perianal defects in 13 cases ranged from 4.8 cm × 5.6 cm to 12.2 cm × 6.4 cm. All defects were successfully repaired by using the bilateral V-Y advancement island flaps, and all surgical wounds healed primarily. One case first received temporary ileostomy, and then received ileostomy closure 3 months later, resulting in the recovery of defecation function; in another 1 case of perianal Paget′s disease comorbid with rectal cancer, the permanent sigmoid colostomy was performed to divert feces, and the defecation function was lost. After the follow-up for 1 - 6 years, the buttocks were symmetrical in shape in all the 13 patients, and 12 with preserved anus had normal defecation function. No tumor recurrence was observed in 12 patients without other malignant tumors after the operation, while 3 patients experienced mild anal stenosis without anal mucosa eversion or wound dehiscence; 1 patient with perianal Paget′s disease complicated by anal canal adenocarcinoma developed bilateral inguinal lymph node and internal iliac lymph node metastasis 1 year after the operation, and died 6 months later.Conclusion:The bilateral V-Y advancement island flaps on the buttocks have the advantages of reliable blood supply and sufficient advancement mobility, and can be used to repair large skin defects around the anus.

Finite element analysis of the influence of lateral collateral ligament injury on ankle stability and talar trochlear cartilage stress in a marathon runner / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of the ankle joint of marathon runners was constructed to simulate the changes of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injury on the stability of the ankle joint and the force distribution of talar talus cartilage during exercise.Methods:The 3D MRI images of the right ankle joint of one marathon runner were acquired and imported into Mimics software in DICOM format for preliminary 3D model reconstruction of the images. The boundary conditions and loads were loaded on the model using Ansys Workbench software, and the ankle joint forces were analyzed by Ansys Workbench for marathon runners in the sports condition, and four kinds of ankle LCL injury finite element models were established, i.e., the normal model of LCL, the injury model of anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), the injury model of AFTL merged with the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), and the injury model of AFTL merged with the CFL and the posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL). The peak talus slide cartilage stress and its distribution were observed under the four models, and one-way ANOVA was used to compare the values of talus advancement, and the SNK- q test was used for two-by-two comparisons. Results:In the LCL normal model, the maximum stress peak of the talar slide was 0.21 MPa, which was mainly distributed in the junction area of the anterior medial (MA) and anterior lateral (LA) parts and part of the LA region. In ATFL injury, the peak stress of talar cartilage increased compared with the normal model, with a maximum value of 0.65 MPa, which was mainly distributed in the MA region. In ATFL combined with CFL injury, the peak stress increased, and the peak was mainly distributed in the MA region, and was shifted from the MA to the LA region. In ATFL combined with CFL and PTFL injuries, the peak cartilage stress in the talus slide was up to 2.29 MPa, and the maximum stress was mainly distributed in MA and LA, which had a comparable range of distribution. The anterior talar displacement values were (3.2±0.4), (3.4±0.4), (3.7±0.5), and (6.5±0.7) mm for normal LCL, AFTL injury, AFTL combined with CFL injury, ATFL combined with CFL, PTFL injuries, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=109.08, P<0.001). The anterior talar displacement of ATFL combined with CFL, PTFL injuries was larger than those of normal LCL, AFTL injury, and AFTL combined with CFL injury ( P<0.05). Conclusions:A 3D finite element model is successfully constructed based on 3D MRI of the ankle joint in marathon runners. The peak and range of cartilage stresses in the talar glide change during LCL injury, and the talar glide displaces anteriorly.

Evaluación del aparato funcional postratamiento de Waveney como alternativa en la contención del avance mandibular

Fundamento: Para la contención del avance mandibular es necesario utilizar un aparato que mantenga la mandíbula en la posición lograda por los aparatos activos y que su diseño no provoque movimientos dentarios indeseados. Objetivo: Describir los cambios clínicos y cefalométricos del aparato funcional postratamiento de Waveney como alternativa en la contención del avance mandibular. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación descriptiva observacional de corte transversal en el servicio Ortodoncia de la Clínica Estomatológica Docente Provincial Dr. Justo Ortelio Pestana Lorenzo de la provincia Sancti Spíritus, desde septiembre 2019 a febrero 2022. Se seleccionaron 20 pacientes que iniciaron su etapa de contención en este período y cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel empírico y estadístico. Se analizaron las variables: edad, sexo, variables morfológicas clínicas y cefalométricas, así como resultado de la contención. Resultados: Se constató una edad promedio de 15.6; el 65 % de los escolares pertenecían al sexo femenino. Al año de iniciada la contención se mantuvo el sobrepase incisivo en 2.95 mm, la relación molar de neutroclusión en el 65 %, ángulo SNB en 79°, el ángulo ANB en 2.80°, la posición del incisivo superior 2.45 mm, la posición del incisivo inferior en 1.90 mm y el perfil estético en 0.55 mm. Solo existió incremento en el valor promedio del resalte incisivo de 2.70 mm a 2.75 mm. Conclusiones: Al año de iniciada la contención con el aparato funcional postratamiento de Waveney no se observó modificación de las variables estudiadas, excepto el resalte incisivo con incremento de su valor promedio.

Background: For mandibular advancement containment, it is necessary to use an appliance that holds the jaw in the achieved position by active appliances and that its design does not provoke undesired dental movements. Objective: To describe the clinical and cephalometric changes of the Orthodontic Appliances after the Waveney treatment as an alternative in the mandibular advancement containment. Methodology: A descriptive observational cross-sectional research was conducted at the Dr. Justo Ortelio Pestana Lorenzo Provincial Teaching Stomatology Clinic orthodontic service in Sancti Spíritus province, from September 2019 to February 2022. 20 patients who started their containment stage in this period and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected. Empirical and statistical methods were used. The following variables were analyzed: age, sex, clinical morphological and cephalometric variables, as well as the containment result. Results: An average age of 15.6 was found; 65% of the schoolchildren were female. One year after the containment was started, the incisive overpass was maintained at 2.95 mm, the neutroclusion molar rate at 65%, SNB angle at 79°, the ANB angle at 2.80°, the upper incisor position 2.45 mm, the lower incisor position by 1.90 mm and the esthetic profile by 0.55 mm. There was only an average increase in the incisor protrusion value from 2.70 mm to 2.75 mm. Conclusions: One year after containment with the Waveney post-treatment Orthodontic Appliances was initiated no changes were observed in the studied variables, except for incisor protrusion with an increase in its average value.

Does mandibular advancement ortho-surgical procedure cause condyle changes? A case-series analysis

ABSTRACT Introduction: Mandibular advancement surgery corrects bone bases while establishing patients' functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. However, little is known about the results of this procedure in the structures that make up the stomatognathic system, as the condyles. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the structural and positional changes of mandibular condyles in ortho-surgical patients who underwent mandibular advancement surgery. Material and Methods: A prospective investigation was conducted with cone-beam computed tomography images. Using Dolphin Imaging® software, seven ortho-surgical patients with Angle Class II malocclusion and mandibular deficiency were evaluated. The images assessed were obtained at pre-surgical phase and after, at least, 1 year of the procedure. To study the structural and positional changes of condyles, linear and angular measurements were obtained, and the right and left sides of patients were compared. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and, in order to verify possible significant differences, normality tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) were applied, followed by a paired t-test to define significance. Results: For all measures evaluated in this study, no statistically significant differences were found. Conclusion: The ortho-surgical procedure performed did not change the structure and position of the condyles of patients who underwent surgical mandibular advancement. Right and left mandibular condyles behaved similarly, suggesting stability and condylar adaptation after surgery.

RESUMO Introdução: A cirurgia de avanço mandibular corrige as bases ósseas e estabelece a reabilitação funcional e estética dos pacientes. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre os resultados desse procedimento nas estruturas que compõem o sistema estomatognático, como os côndilos. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações estruturais e posicionais dos côndilos mandibulares em pacientes ortodôntico-cirúrgicos submetidos à cirurgia de avanço mandibular. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada investigação prospectiva com imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. Utilizando o software Dolphin Imaging®, foram avaliados sete pacientes ortodôntico-cirúrgicos com má oclusão Classe II de Angle e deficiência mandibular. Foram avaliadas imagens da fase pré-cirúrgica e de, no mínimo, um ano após o procedimento. Para estudar as alterações estruturais e posicionais dos côndilos, foram obtidas medidas lineares e angulares e comparados os lados direito e esquerdo dos pacientes. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva e, para verificar possíveis diferenças significativas, foram aplicados testes de normalidade (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), seguido de teste t pareado, para definição de significância. Resultados: Para nenhuma das medidas avaliadas nesse estudo foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Conclusão: O procedimento ortodôntico-cirúrgico realizado não alterou a estrutura e a posição dos côndilos dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de avanço mandibular. Os côndilos mandibulares direito e esquerdo comportaram-se de forma semelhante, sugerindo estabilidade e adaptação condilar após a cirurgia.

Effects of Maxillary Movements on Lips Following Orthognathic Surgery: A Retrospective Non-Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Introduction Lips play a fundamental role in facial attractiveness and in decisions pertaining to orthognathic surgery. Objective To assess the upper lip changes following Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement and/or impaction. Methods In the present retrospective non-randomized clinical trial, we evaluated 3 groups of patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy of the maxilla. Group 1 (n = 35) underwent maxillary advancement, group 2 (n = 14), maxillary impaction, and group 3 (n = 11 ) was submitted to both maxillary advancement and impaction. The lip thickness of all patients was measured preoperatively, and the participants in each group were categorized into two subgroups: thin (< 12 mm) and thick (> 12 mm) lip. The primary (before orthognathic surgery) and final (after orthodontic bracket removal) lateral cephalograms of the patients were analyzed using the Dolphin software. Comparisons were made using the paired t-test and linear regression in the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows software. Results The length of the upper lip increased by 1 mm (p = 0.012) on average following maxillary advancement, and it decreased by 0.43 mm (p = 0.24) on average following maxillary impaction. In the maxillary advancement group, the change in angulation of the incisors predicted the incisal display (p = 0.03). In the maxillary impaction group, skeletal changes in the vertical dimension predicted changes in upper lip length (p = 0.033). Conclusions Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement significantly increases the length of the upper lip. The assessment of lip thickness prior to surgery can help

Colgajo de Mustardé como tratamiento de un carcinoma basocelular. A propósito de un caso

Introducción: El carcinoma basocelular es actualmente el cáncer de piel más frecuente, siendo su principal factor de riesgo la exposición a radiación ultravioleta. Su tratamiento es la resección quirúrgica, según riesgo de recurrencia. La reconstrucción facial posterior a la resección se enfrentará según la unidad estética de la cara, lo cual determinará la técnica quirúrgica a utilizar. Material y Método: El siguiente caso clínico aborda la resección de un carcinoma basocelular nodular morfeiforme ubicado en mejilla y ala nasal, y posterior reconstrucción mediante el uso de un Colgajo de Mustardé, con resultado exitoso. Resultados: Evolución favorable, con reseccion completa de la lesion tumoral y vitalidad del colgajo postoperatorio. Cursó con una leve desviación nasal que cedió con masaje de la cicatriz. Se puede plantear una plastía de retoque del ala nasal a futuro. Conclusión: Presentamos un caso clínico de un carcinoma basocelular facial con alto riesgo de recurrencia que fue tratado en forma segura y efectiva con un colgajo de Mustardé.

Introduction: Basal-cell carcinoma is currently the most frequent type of skin cancer, its main risk factor being exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Treatment consists of surgical resection, according to recurrence risk. Post-resection facial reconstruction should be faced according to the aesthetic unit of the face, which will determine the surgical technique. Material and Method: The following clinical case presents the resection of a morpheiform nodular basal-cell carcinoma located on the cheek and nasal wing, and subsequent reconstruction using a Mustarde flap, with successful results. Results: Favorable evolution with complete resection of the tumor lesion and postoperative vitality of the flap. The patient presented a slight nasal deviation that resolved with scar massage. A nasal wing plasty can be considered in the future. Conclusion: We present a facial basal-cell carcinoma clinical case that was safely and effectively treated with a Mustarde flap.

Predictors of long-term healing for endorectal advancement flap for anorectal fistulas

Introduction: Anorectal fistulas are some of the commonest surgical proctologic disorders treated by surgeons. Despite the recent introduction of various sphincter preserving techniques, the search for the optimal operation continues. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of long-term healing for the endorectal advancement flap. Methods: A retrospective review of a single surgeon experience with the endorectal advancement flap for anorectal fistulas over an 18-year period. The impact of various patient and fistula related factors were analyzed for their impact on the primary endpoint of long-term fistula healing. Results: 87 patients underwent endorectal advancement flap (Male/Female 42.5/57.5%). Median age was 41 years. Sixty-nine patients (79.3%) had anal fistula while 18 patients had rectal fistula (20.7%). An anterior based fistula was noted in 45 patients (51.7%). The most common etiology was cryptoglandular disease (87.4%). The median operative time was 75minutes (range 36-250). Postoperative septic complications were noted in 4 patients (4.6%). Fistula healing was documented in 80 patients (93%). During a median follow-up of 4 months (range 1-38, 1 patient lost to follow-up), recurrence was noted in 8 patients (9.3%), yielding an overall long-term success rate of 83.7%. The long-term healing rate was higher in patients with fistulas from cryptoglandular etiology (86.6%) compared to fistulas from other etiologies (63.6%) [p = 0.027]. Conclusions: The endorectal advancement is associated with a high healing rate, a low postoperative septic complication rate, and infrequent risk for recurrence. Long-term healing without recurrence is achieved more frequently in patients with cryptoglandular etiology of the fistula compared to patients with non-cryptoglandular etiology. (AU)

El RCP Lázaro como alternativa al perfeccionamiento de la reanimación cardiopulmonar

Introducción: el paro cardiorrespiratorio de la situación más peligrosa que puede enfrentar un ser humano; para su recuperación se necesita actuar inmediatamente y de forma correcta. El tiempo de comienzo de la reanimación cardiopulmonar es vital para lograr la supervivencia del paciente. Objetivo: socializar las ventajas que ofrece el RCP Lázaro en la asistencia de urgencia a pacientes con parada cardiorrespiratoria. Métodos: se realizó una investigación aplicada, con diseño experimental que parte de la identificación de una necesidad de salud y se procede a la ideación, diseño y creación de un prototipo de equipo de reanimación cardiopulmonar asistida denominado RCP Lázaro. Se confeccionó un equipo multidisciplinario que permitió obtener los planos mecánicos, ergonómicos y eléctricos que permiten un funcionamiento adecuado bajo el mando de un software diseñado específicamente para el equipo. Después de terminada la fase de modelación y diseño se realizaron pruebas funcionales que finalmente fueron superadas. Resultado: El RCP Lázaro es un prototipo superior en varios sentidos a los modelos previos existentes en el mercado. Presenta un diseño ergonómico que permite un mejor ajuste a la complexión física de los pacientes; puede ser utilizado en niños y adultos; presenta posibilidad de acople de desfibrilador; presenta 4 ciclos de compresiones/respiraciones; reajustable la altura del pistón para garantizar adaptación previa a las compresiones torácicas; batería de 6 horas de duración, entendible en modo ahorro de energía hasta 8 horas y facilidades para ensamblaje, transporte y acoplamiento al paciente. Conclusiones: El RCP Lázaro paso de forma satisfactoria las pruebas de validación, mostrando parámetros de funcionamiento adecuado para la función que está diseñada; corresponde entonces proceder a la prueba de campo antes de iniciar su producción en serie.

Introduction: cardiorespiratory arrest is the most dangerous situation that a human being can face; for your recovery you need to act immediately and correctly. The start time of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is vital to achieve patient survival. Objective: to socialize the advantages offered by Lazarus CPR in emergency care for patients with cardiorespiratory arrest. Methods: an applied investigation was carried out, with an experimental design that starts from the identification of a health need and proceeds to the ideation, design and creation of a prototype of assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment called Lazarus CPR. A multidisciplinary team was created that allowed obtaining the mechanical, ergonomic and electrical plans that allow proper operation under the command of software specifically designed for the equipment. After the modeling and design phase was completed, functional tests were carried out that were finally passed. Result: The Lazarus CPR is a superior prototype in several ways to the previous models on the market. It presents an ergonomic design that allows a better adjustment to the physical complexion of the patients; it can be used in children and adults; presents the possibility of defibrillator coupling; presents 4 cycles of compressions/breaths; the height of the piston can be readjusted to guarantee adaptation prior to chest compressions; 6-hour battery life, understandable in energy saving mode up to 8 hours and facilities for assembly, transport and coupling to the patient. Conclusions: The Lazarus CPR satisfactorily passed the validation tests, showing adequate operating parameters for the function that is designed; It is then appropriate to proceed to the field test before starting its production in series.

Is maxillomandibular advancement an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea? Systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of maxillomandibular advancement surgery in the treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea by comparing the pre- and postoperative Apnea and Hypopnea Index, in addition to classifying the degree of evidence and risk of intervention bias. Methods A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the PUBMED, LILACS, EMBASE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE and COCHRANE platforms, including cohort studies with polysomnographic follow-up, without other associated pharyngeal or nasal surgical procedures. The risk of study bias was assessed using the Modified Delphi technique. Pre- and postoperative Apnea and Hypopnea Index data were plotted for meta-analysis, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system. Results Of 1882 references, 32 articles were selected for full-text reading, of which four studies were included, totaling 83 adults with obstructive sleep apnea who underwent maxillomandibular advancement. The meta-analysis was in favor of the intervention (DM = −33.36, 95% CI −41.43 to −25.29, p< 0.00001), with a mean percentage reduction in the Apnea and Hypopnea Index of 79.5% after surgery, even though the level of evidence was classified as very low quality by the GRADE system. Conclusion The meta-analysis was in favor of the intervention, characterizing maxillomandibular advancement surgery as an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in adults.

Role of tenon advancement in treating limbal ischemia in acute chemical injury

Background: In acute chemical injury, damage can range from ocular surface epithelial defects to limbal and scleral ischemia. This may subsequently progress to corneal or scleral melting and perforation and finally result in phthisis bulbi. Thus, acute chemical injury is a potentially blinding condition and warrants attention. The accurate technique to assess the damage incurred should be practiced to avoid undertreatment and subsequent complications. Surgical intervention wherever needed should be appropriately timed and should be performed. The primary aim of medical or surgical intervention in acute chemical injury is to attain a stable and epithelized ocular surface. Even a conjunctival phenotype over the cornea is a desirable outcome. Purpose: This video discusses the nuances involved in the assessment and planning of Tenon advancement with amniotic membrane grafting for treating limbal ischemia in acute chemical injury. Synopsis: The video demonstrates the technique of restoration of limbal vascularization by performing Tenon advancement with amniotic membrane grafting and its outcome. Highlights: Ocular surface painting with fluorescein dye is essential to assess the areas of surface involvement. Merely instilling the fluorescein dye in the cul?de?sac will underestimate the extent of the damage. Tenon advancement should ideally be planned between 7 and 10 days following an injury when actual limbal blanching is obvious. A stable and epithelized ocular surface is the desirable outcome irrespective of the epithelial phenotype.

Research on clinical effects of non-bracket invisible appliance on the mandibular advancement treatment of skeletal Class Ⅱ growing patients with mandibular retrusion / 口腔医学

Objective@#To evaluate the effects of non-bracket invisible appliance mandibular advance(MA) on skeletal Class Ⅱ growing patients with mandibular retrusion.@*Methods@#Nineteen skeletal Class Ⅱ growing patients with mandibular retrusion who were treated in the department of stomatology of Changshu traditional Chinese medicine hospital from January 2018 to May 2021 were selected. They had an average age of (12.32±1.51) years old. The treatment group consisted of 10 children who were treated with MA. The control group consisted of 9 children who refused to treat their malocclusion. Cephalometrics of all patients were taken before and after the observation or treatment. The cephalometric data of two groups were analyzed. @*Results@#Compared with the control group, in the treatment gruop SNB angle, L1-NB angle, L1-NB distance, L6-MP distance, Z angle increased significantly (P<0.05);Co-Go distance, Co-Gn distance, SL increased more greatly than the control group; ANB angle, U1-SN angle, U1-NA angle, U1-NA distance, L1-MP distance, FCA angle decreased significantly (P<0.05); SE did not change significantly in the treatment group, but increased significantly in the control group (P<0.05).@*Conclusion @# MA can promote mandibular growth and improve lateral profile. The angle of the lower teeth and the angle of the mandible plane can be controlled by MA appliance.

Mandibular advancement with clear aligners and functional appliances in the treatment of skeletal ClassⅡmalocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of the efficacy of mandibular advance clear alig-ners with traditional functional appliances as the control group.@*METHODS@#PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Abstracts Database, China Knowledge Network Database, Wanfang Database, and Weipu Database were used in this study. The two groups of researchers screened the literature and extracted data based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria established by PICOS entries, and used the ROBINS-I scale for quality evaluation. Revman 5.4 and Stata 17.0 software were used for meta-analysis.@*RESULTS@#Nine clinical controlled trials were included in this study with a total sample size of 283 cases. No significant difference was found in SNA, SNB, ANB, Go-Pog, U1-SN, Overjet, and other aspects between the invisible group and the traditional group in the treatment of skeletal class Ⅱ ma-locclusion patients; there was a 0.90° difference in mandibular plane angle between the two groups; the growth of the mandibular ramus (Co-Go) in the traditional group was 1.10 mm more than that in the invisible group; the lip inclination of the lower teeth in the invisible group was better controlled, 1.94° less than that in the control group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The invisible group can better control the lip inclination of the mandibular anterior teeth when guiding the mandible. Furthermore, the mandibular plane angle (MP-SN) can remain unchanged, but the growth of the mandibular ramus is not as good as the traditional group, and auxiliary measures should be taken to improve it in clinical practice.

Variación de la calidad de vida en pacientes con Síndrome de Apnea Hipopnea Obstructiva del Sueño luego del tratamiento con dispositivo de avance mandibular

Objetivo : Determinar la variación de la calidad de vida en pacientes con Síndrome de Apnea Hipopnea Obstructiva del Sueño leve moderado, luego del tratamiento con Dispositivo de Avance Mandibular a una altitud de 3259 msnm. Métodos : Estudio prospectivo, cuasi-experimental. Se incluyeron sujetos con índice de Disturbio Respiratorio (IDR) entre 5 y 30 /hora (medido con poligrafía respiratoria), sin tratamientos previos, que presentaban condiciones para el uso del DAM. Se valoró calidad de vida con el FOSQ (Functional Outcomes Sleep Questionnaire) antes y después de 45 días de tratamiento con DAM. Resultados: 26 completaron el estudio (20 varones). La media (DE) de edad fue: 43 (9.6) años, IMC: 29 (8.6) kg/m2 e IDR: 19 (7.6) /h. Luego de 45 días, se observaron cambios significativos, en el FOSQ (total, dimensiones de productividad general, producción social, nivel de actividad, vigilia y relaciones íntimas/actividad sexual) p <0.001. La media del IDR descendió de 19 (7.6) a 7 (3.8) (p <0.001), la desaturación mínima de O2 incrementó de 77 % (5.2) a 83 % (3.9) (p <0.001), el T90 descendió de 73 % (15.4) a 31 % (16.6) (p <0.001) y el Epworth disminuyó de 11.2 (4.6) a 6.4 (3.5) (p <0.001). Conclusiones : En pacientes con SAHOS leve moderado el tratamiento con DAM produce mejoría significativa en su calidad de vida, reduce nivel de enfermedad expresado en descenso del IDR, mejora el nivel oxigenación y reduce la somnolencia diurna expresado en disminución del puntaje Epworth.

Objective: To determine the variation of the Quality of Life in patients with mild to moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome, after treatment with the Mandibular Advancement Device at an altitude of 3259 masl. Methods: Prospective, quasi-experimental study. Subjects with respiratory disturbance index (RDI) between 5 and 30 / hour (measured with respiratory polygraphy), without previous treatments, with conditions for the use of MAD were included. The quality of life was assessed with the FOSQ (questionnaire of functional sleep results) before and after 45 days of treatment with MAD. Results: 26 completed the study (20 males). The mean (SD) of the age was 43 (9.6) years, BMI was 29 (8.6) kg / m2, and the RDI was 19 (7.6) / hour. After 45 day, significant changes were observed, with respect to the baseline values, in the FOSQ score (total calculation, general productivity, social outcome, activity level, vigilance and intimate relationships/sexual activity, p <0.001). The mean RDI decreased from 19 (7.6) to 7 (3.8) (p <0.001), the minimum desaturation of O2 increased from 77 (5.2) to 83 (3.9) (p <0.001), the T90 decreased from 73 (15.4) to 31 (16.6) (p <0.001) y Epworth's score decreased from 11.2 (4.6) to 6.4 (3.5) (p <0.001). Conclusions : In patients with mild-moderate OSA, treatment with MAD produces significant improvement in their quality of life, reduces the level of disease expressed in decreased RDI, improves oxygenation level and reduces daytime sleepiness expressed in decreased Epworth score.

Drug-induced Sleep Endoscopy: Are there Predictors for Failure of Oral Appliance Treatment?

Abstract Introduction In the literature, evidence is lacking on the predictive value of druginduced sleep endoscopy (DISE) for oral appliance treatment (OAT). Objectives The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether DISE with concomitant mandibular advancement maneuver can predict failure of OAT. Methods An observational retrospective study including patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who previously received OAT. Results of DISE were analyzed in a group with documented OAT failure (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] >10 events/hour or < 50% reduction) and a group with OAT benefit (AHI <10 events/hour or >50% reduction). The upper airway was assessed using the velum, oropharynx, tongue base, epiglottis (VOTE) classification. Additionally, a mandibular advancement maneuver, manually protruding the mandible by performing a jaw thrust, was performed to mimic the effect of OAT. Results The present study included 50 patients with OAT failure and 20 patients with OAT benefit. A subgroup analysis of patients with OAT failure and an AHI <30events/hour included 26 patients. In the OAT failure group, 74% had a negative jaw thrust maneuver. In the subgroup with an AHI <30 events/hour, 76.9% had a negative jaw thrust maneuver. In the OAT benefit group, 25% had a negative jaw thrust maneuver (p< 0.001). Conclusions A negative jaw thrust maneuver during DISE can be a valuable predictor for OAT failure, independent of AHI. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy should be considered as a diagnostic evaluation tool before starting OAT.

Complications Of Hypospadias Surgery Experience In A Tertiary Hospital

Background:To review the types of operations done for hypospadias to analyze the results and complications of different operations.Material And Methods:Patient case file and operation theater records of 40 pediatric patients from august 2020-July2021 used to obtain the required data.The age at surgery, types of hypospadias at presentation, types of operations done, complications, and results of surgeries were analyzed over a 1-year period. Result:This study in the pediatric age group showed the most common type of hypospadias being distal penile (45%) for which most common surgery being performed is Snodgrass (TIPU) (69%) with no acute (80%) and chronic complication (75%) at time of discharge. Complications rate highest when used for distal hypospadias(3-33 %). Commonest complication noted in literature is urethro-cutaneous fistula (29%). Also fistula rate is higher when TIPU is used for posterior hypospadias. Conclusion:Despite most challenging surgery in hypospadias, one may achieve desirable results by selecting appropriate surgical approaches in these patients. Careful selection of patients and attention to detailed technical factors may help reduce the complication rate. TIPU remains good option for most patients with anterior hypospadias.

The effectiveness of the two-layered closure of persistent Oroantral Fistula using Buccal Fat Pad and Buccal Advancement Flap.

Background: A prospective clinical study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the two -layered closure of recurrent Oroantral Fistula using Buccal Fat Pad and Buccal Advancement Flap. Materials and methods: Twenty patients with persistent OAFs larger than 5 mm were treated with two layered closure using Buccal Fat Pad and Buccal Advancement Flap. They were followed clinically and radiographically for 5 years after surgery to monitor the durability and effectiveness of the two layered closure of the OAF. Result: The procedure was successful in all patients. The healing process was satisfactory,with no breakdown or liquefaction necrosis postoperatively. No complications were observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The results of this study support the view that the use of the double-layered closure using BFP with buccal advancement flap is a durable, convenient, and effective method for the treatment of a persistent large OAF.

Preoperative Factors Affecting the Outcome of Single Stage Hypospadias Repair- An Observational Study

Background:Hypospadias is one of the commonest congenital anomaly in boys which requires either a single stage repair or staged repair. The success of the procedure depend upon the type, anatomy, experience of the surgeon, method of repair and preoperative hormonal stimulation. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the various preoperative factors responsible for outcome of single stage repair in distal penile, mid penile and proximal penile hypospadias. Methods: There were 48 patients in this observational study which were divided into two groups. Group A comprised of 24 patients with glanular and coronal hypospadias while Group B comprised of 16 patients with distal penile, 5 mid penile and 3 proximal penile types with minimal chordae. All the 24 (50%) patients in group A underwent meatal advancement and glanuloplasty incorporated (MAGPI) repair while in group B 15 (31.25%) patients underwent Tabularized Incised Plate (TIP) repair and 9 (18.75%) patients underwent combined TIP and Mathieu抯 repair. Results: Overall operative success rate observed in the study was 41 (85.41%) patients. In 7 (14.58%) patients urethrocutaneous fistula as a major complication occurred which included 1 patient in Group A and 2 patients with Distal Penile Hypospadias (DPH), 2 patients with Mid Penile Hypospadias (MPH) and 2 patients with Proximal Penile Hypospadias (PPH) in Group B. In 2 (4.16%) patients, mild meatal stenosis was noted which settled with meatal dilatation. Urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) disappeared in 2 (4.16%) patients on follow up with regular urethral dilatation. Conclusion: MAGPI is the ideal procedure for glanular/coronal hypospadias. For distal penile hypospadias, TIP alone or combined TIP and Mathieu抯 repair gives equally good results. Preoperative testosterone therapy reduces the incidence of complications in a single stage hypospadias repair.

Cephalometric evaluation of the cervical spine posture following fixed functional therapy with Forsus™ appliance

Background: To investigate whether fixed functional therapy for mandibular advancement with the Forsus™ appliance would produce any changes in the cervical spine posture. Materials and Methods: This prospective clinical exploratory study was conducted on 12 patients (six females and six males) with a mean age of 15 ± 1.3 years, having mandibular retrusion, Class II malocclusion, who were treated with the Forsus™ appliance. Lateral cephalogram was taken twice, once at the baseline (T1) before the commencement of the treatment and once following termination of fixed functional treatment (T2). Eleven measurements representing the vertical and the sagittal craniofacial proportions, and the head posture, were taken into account. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The variations between before and after treatment measurements were collated using paired t-test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: No significant differences were noticed in the angle linking the horizontal lines of the head and the superior crest of the spinal column before and after the treatment, with P = 0.73. The cervical curvature angle also failed to show any significant difference with P = 0.14. Conclusion: Fixed functional therapy with the Forsus™ device resulted in dentoalveolar and soft tissue alterations alone but did not alter the cervical spine posture.

Repair the donor site of ipsilateral fibular hallux flap with transverse V-Y advancement flap of the great toe / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical application and effect of repairing the donor site of ipsilateral fibular hallux flap with the transverse V-Y advancement flap of the great toe.Methods:Form January 2017 to January 2020, the donor sites of the ipsilateral fibular hallux flap were repaired by the transverse V-Y advancement flap of the great toe in the Department of Hand Surgery, 521 Hospital of Weapon Industry on 20 patients, including 16 males and 4 females with an average age of 33 (18-52) years old. First, the donor site of the fibular hallux flap was sutured to reduce the size of wound. The width of the remaining wound was 0.4 to 1.6 cm, and the area of the remaining wound was 0.5 cm×0.8 cm-1.6 cm×1.8 cm. Then the remaining wound was repaired with the transverse V-Y advancement flap of the ipsilateral great toe. The distance for transfer of transverse advancement V-Y flap was 0.2-0.8 cm, and the area of the transverse V-Y advancement flap was 1.0 cm×1.4 cm-1.8 cm×2.4 cm. The end of postoperative follow-up was scheduled in July 2021. The follow-up items included: survival of the transverse V-Y advancement flap, wound infection, appearance, shape, texture and sensation of the V-Y advancement flap, pain on the V-Y advancement flap and the great toe, cold tolerance and the scar condition at the donor site of the ipsilateral fibular hallux flap and the V-Y advancement flap, the appearance, sensation and flexion and extension of the great toe at the donor site, other discomforts in the donor site of great toe, walking and other functions affected by the discomforts.Results:The postoperative follow-up lasted from 12 to 18(average of 14) months. All the V-Y advancement flaps survived without infection at the donor sites of the great toe, and donor sites healed primarily. The appearance, shape and texture of the advancement V-Y flap were close to the skin of the same area of the contralateral great toe. The TPD of the V-Y advancement flap and the ipsilateral great toe ranged from 4 to 7 mm. The average score of the Visual analog scale(VAS) was 0.3 and 0.6 respectively in the evaluation of cold tolerance of the advancement V-Y flap and the ipsilateral great toe. The average score of the Vancouver scar scale(VSS) was 0.2 and 1.2 respectively in the scar evaluation of the V-Y advancement flap and the ipsilateral great toe. There was no visual difference between the appearance of the great toe at the donor site and the contralateral toe. There was no pain and other discomfort on the V-Y advancement flap and the ipsilateral great toe. The functions of the donor foot were not affected in walking, running, jumping and tiptoeing in all cases.Conclusion:It is a simple, safe and effective method to repair the donor site of the small-area ipsilateral fibular hallux flap by the transverse V-Y advancement flap of the great toe. It only causes a small wound but the appearance and function of the ipsilateral great toe can be repaired with a transverse V-Y advancement flap of the great toe.