RESUMO
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) represent a growing public concern for clinicians to manage in many medical settings, with substantial associated morbidities and mortalities. Among many current therapeutic options for the treatment of IFIs, amphotericin B (AmB) is the most frequently used drug. AmB is considered as a first-line drug in the clinic that has strong antifungal activity and less resistance. In this review, we summarized the most promising research efforts on nanocarriers for AmB delivery and highlighted their efficacy and safety for treating IFIs. We have also discussed the mechanism of actions of AmB, rationale for treating IFIs, and recent advances in formulating AmB for clinical use. Finally, this review discusses some practical considerations and provides recommendations for future studies in applying AmB for combating IFIs.
RESUMO
Astilbil nanosuspension (AT-NS) was prepared by an antisolvent precipitation method. The formula and process of AT-NS were optimized by the single factor experiment. AT-NS was prepared under the optimal conditions, and its morphology and crystallinity were characterized. In vitro release of AT-NS was also determined. The particle size of AT-NS stabilized by PVP K30 was (149±3) nm, and the polydispersity index (PDI) and stability index (SI) were 0.137±0.014 and 0.940±0.012, respectively. The results of SEM showed that AT-NS was spherical. Both XRD and DSC showed that AT was amorphous in nanosuspension. In the release test, AT-NS showed a significantly increased dissolution. This simple low-cost approach could prepare AT-NS successfully. AT-NS could significantly improve the dissolution of AT and provide the reference to break the limitation on the clinical application of AT.