DETOXIFICATION AND DESENSITIZATION OF THE BODY IN THE TRADITIONAL MEDICINE / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

The present work presents information on the development and use of technologies for detoxification and desensitization of the body based on the tenets of the traditional medicine.KEY WORDS: traditional medicine, purification of the body, development and use, technology for detoxification and desensitization.INTRODUCTIONIn recent decades it has been noted the decrease in the index health as well as the incidence rate growth due to the deterioration of environmental conditions, the increased fastness of living, and the reduction of social protectability [7]. Pollution of the inner medium of the body with substances received through water, food and air causes a serious worry. These substances include plant and animal growth stimulants, fertilizers, pesticides, various coloring matters for foodstuffs, preservatives, drugs, salts of heavy metals, radionuclides, etc. Intensive xenobiotic contamination gives rise to dangerous acute intoxications and the development of chronic intoxication of the body followed by the disturbances of inner organs functioning resulting in the decrease of the bodily resistance and growth of incidence rate [2, 3]. Growing environmental and social pressing leads to the impairment of detoxification, desensitization, immune and other adaptive mechanisms of the human body [4, 5] that is a cause of many diseases. According to the data of World Health Organization (WHO) there is a tendency to the development of severe chronic cases due to intoxication and sensitization of the body [7]. Under the circumstances when the rate of chronic cases increases in number and the future generations are threatened with chronic diseases, the detoxification of the body seems of great importance.THE AIM of the given work is to develop and introduce into practice the detoxification and desensitization technology based on the traditional medicine.THE OBJECTS for studies were plant remedies stimulating detoxification and drainage function of the hepatobiliary system, gastro- intestinal tract, kidneys and skin created on the base of the traditional medicine formulae (nor bu dun thang, shi rguid, nephrophyt, sudorific plant collection). The studies were carried out with the use of pharmacological, clinical, biochemical and statistical methods [1, 6].RESULT. The lymphatic system is known to be the main drainage system excreting endo- and exotoxins from extracellular space, from cells and tissues [2, 3]. The system is capable to transport even big structures (high-molecular proteins, toxins) which enter the system through valves but not through semi-impermeable vessel walls as in the case of circulatory system. As a result transported toxins enter the venous duct. Further, the processes of detoxification take place mainly in the liver and kidneys. To avoid the “overloading” of these organs it is necessary to increase their functional activity using relevant medicinal preparations [4, 5, 7]. The increase in functioning of the given organs and drainage are regarded as the first level of detoxification and desensitization of the body. At present, taking into account the chemization of the home, water, air and food pollution and uncontrolled intake of medicinal preparations, it is necessary to pay attention to the “medicine of evacuation” i.e. to the purification of inner medium of the body [1, 5]. The technology for detoxification and desensitization of the body developed on the base of the traditional medicine, suggests the stage-by-stage intake of the remedy stimulating hepatobiliary system (nor bu dun thang) for 9 days; the remedy promoting the function of gastro-intestinal tract (shi brguid) for 9 days; the remedy stimulating the function of kidneys(nephrophyt) for 9 days and sudorific remedy (sudorific plant collection) for 9 days. Pre-clinical studies which were carried out on white male Wistar rats have revealed drainage and detoxification influence of the given remedies. The combined administration of the above remedies to SBA mice has shown that they have desensitization effect. Clinical studies of the given technology were carried out on the patients with endogenic intoxication and pollution of the inner medium of the body, particularly, on the persons suffered from atopic dermatitis and eczema. The Table 1 shows the results of therapy with the use of the developed technology of detoxification and desensitization of the body. The clinical studies were carried out on the patients suffered from allergic dermatoses (atopic dermatitis, eczema) at the Buryat Republican dermato-venerologic dispensary.The data given in the Table 1 show that the use of the given technology of detoxification and desensitization of the body improves the general state of the majority of patients followed by normalization of biochemical indices in the blood serum. Biochemical investigations performed after treatment have shown the decrease of the malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content and circulating immune complexes (CIC); the transaminase activity and concentration of α and α2 –globulins were also decreased as compared with the data obtained before treatment. The same tendency was observed in patients with the subacute stage of atopic dermatitis. Only in 5 patients no significant effect was noted. When the given technology was used for the treatment of eczema no significant positive changes in biochemical indices of the blood serum were noted in 32 cases in spite of satisfactory general state of the patients on the background of the treatment.The studies conducted have revealed the tendency to the improvement of the general state of the patients and the improvement of biochemical indices in the blood serum at the final terms of the treatment with the use of the given technology. Nevertheless in some cases a full health restoration was not noted in a number of patients, especially in patients with eczema. It is indicative of probable recurrence of the disease. Refresher course of the treatment is advisable.

Allometric growth of non-carcass components in crossed lambs / Crescimento alométrico dos não componentes da carcaça de cordeiros cruzados

Males and females, including purebred Santa Inês lamb (SI) and crosses between Santa Inês dams and Texel (TxSI), Ile de France (IFxSI) and Bergamasca (BxSI) sires were feedlot finished and slaughtered at 15, 25, 35 and 45kg live weight. After slaughter, the following non- carcass components were weighed and calculated the allometric growth. Lungs of BxSI males grew faster than those of SI and TxSI. Trachea/esophagus in SI and TxSI males grew slower than IFxSI and BxSI. Kidneys BxSI males grew faster than TxSI and IFxSI. Livers of female TxSI lamb grew more rapidly than those of females in the other genetic groups. In both males and females, the rumen/reticulum grew faster in the TxSI group than SI and BxSI groups.

Machos e fêmeas, Santa Inês puros (SI) e cruzados de matrizes Santa Inês com reprodutores das raças Texel (TxSI), Ile de France (IFxSI) e Bergamácia (BxSI), terminados em confinamento e abatidos aos 15, 25, 35 e 45kg de peso vivo. Após o abate, foram tomados os pesos das vísceras e analisado o crescimento alométrico. O pulmão dos machos BxSI cresceu em taxas mais elevadas que SI e TxSI. A tráqueia/esôfago dos machos SI e TxSI cresceu mais lentamente que dos IFxSI e BxSI. Os rins dos machos BxSI cresceram mais rápido comparado aos dos TxSI e IFxSI. O fígado das fêmeas TxSI cresceu em taxas mais elevadas quando comparadas às fêmeas dos outros grupos genéticos. Os machos e fêmeas do grupo TxSI apresentaram taxas de crescimento maiores para rúmen/retículo, respectivamente, comparado aos grupos SI e BxSI.

Desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas mestiças da raça Santa Inês em Brachiaria humidícula e efeito do sexo no ganho de peso de cordeiros / Reproductive performance of crossbred ewes race Santa Ines in Brachiaria humidicula and e ffect of sex on weight gain of lambs

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas deslanadas em função do manejo alimentar das crias e idade de desmame, além de mensurar o efeito do sexo no ganho de peso de cordeiros. Sessenta e quatro ovelhas mestiças da raça Santa Inês foram distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 x 2 - quatro idades de desmame (56, 70, 84 e 98 dias), sexo e manejo alimentar das crias, cada tratamento com quatro repetições. As ovelhas foram manejadas com a cria ao pé, em 14 piquetes de 1,5 ou 2,0 hectares, formados com pastagem de Brachiaria humidícola. As crias nascidas de partos simples, filhos de reprodutores Santa Inês puros de origem (PO). Após o desmame de todos os grupos, sessenta e quatro cordeiros (32 machos e 32 fêmeas) foram distribuídos ao acaso em baias individuais e confinados por 30 dias. A comparação dos parâmetros foi realizada pelo ajuste do modelo de regressão linear simples. Verificou-se vício de tempo longo do manejo alimentar das crias de + 3,7% (P<0,05) para o intervalo entre partos e de + 1,4% (P<0,05) para o período de serviço. Houve efeito linear crescente (P<0,05) da idade de desmame sobre o intervalo entre partos e período de serviço. Verificou-se vício de tempo longo do sexo das crias de + 2,0% (P<0,05) para o intervalo entre partos e de + 0,8% (P<0,05) para o período de serviço das ovelhas. Constatou-se vício de tempo longo do sexo de + 35,2% e + 36,9% (P<0,05), respectivamente, para o ganho de peso diário de cordeiros do nascimento ao desmame e pós desmame em confinamento. A suplementação das crias em alimentador privativo e a antecipação da idade de desmame reduzem o intervalo entre partos e período de serviço de ovelhas deslanadas em pastagem de Brachiaria humidícula. O sexo da cria é fonte de variação na análise da eficiência reprodutiva de matrizes ovinas e no ganho de peso de cordeiros mestiços da raça Santa Inês do nascimento ao desmame e após o desmame.

The purpose was to evaluate the reproductive performance of woolless ewes due to the feeding management of offsprings and weaning age in addition to measuring the effect of gender on weight gain of lambs. Sixty-four Santa Inês crossbred ewes were distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 4 x 2 x 2 - four weaning ages (56, 70, 84 and 98 days), sex and feeding management of the offspring, each treatment with four replications. The ewes were managed with the offsprings at the foot in 14 paddocks of 1,5 or 2,0 hectares, formed with Brachiaria humidícola. The offsprings were born by single birth, of Santa Inês pure of origin (PO). After the weaning of all groups, sixty-four lambs (32 males and 32 females) were randomly assigned in individual stalls and confined for 30 days. The comparison of the parameters was carried out by the adjustment of the simple linear regression model. It was verified over time addiction of the offspring feed management of + 3,7% (P<0,05) for the calving intervals and of + 1,4% (P<0,05) for the service period. There was increasing linear effect (P<0,05) of weaning age on calving intervals and service period. It was verified over time, addiction of the offspring sex of + 2,0% (P<0,05) for the calving intervals and + 0,8% (P<0,05) for the ewes service period. It was observed over time addiction of sex of + 35,2% and + 36,9% (P<0,05), respectively, for the daily weight gain of lambs from birth to weaning and post-weaning in feedlot. The supplementation of the offspring in private feeder and the anticipation of the weaning age reduce the calving intervals and the service period of woolless ewes in Brachiaria humidicula pasture. The offspring sex is the source of variation in the analysis of reproductive efficiency of ewe's mat rices and in the weight gain of Santa Inês crossbred lambs from birth to weaning, and after weaning.

Isolation of Genes Specifically Expressed in Different Developmental Stages of Pleurotus ostreatus Using Macroarray Analysis

The oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is one of the most important edible mushrooms worldwide. The mechanism of P. ostreatus fruiting body development has been of interest both for the basic understanding of the phenotypic change of the mycelium-fruiting body and to improve breeding of the mushrooms. Based on our previous publication of P. ostreatus expressed sequence tag database, 1,528 unigene clones were used in macroarray analysis of mycelium, fruiting body and basidiospore developmental stages of P. ostreatus. Gene expression profile databases generated by evaluating expression levels showed that 33, 10, and 94 genes were abundantly expressed in mycelium, fruiting body and basidiospore developmental stages, respectively. Among them, the genes specifically expressed in the fruiting body stage were further analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot to investigate temporal and spatial expression patterns. These results provide useful information for future studies of edible mushroom development.

Effects of Coal Burning Related Endemic Fluorosis on Body Development and Intelligence Levels of Children / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the effects of coal burning related endemic fluorosis on body development and intelligence levels of fluorosic children in Zhijin county.Methods One hundred and seventy-six fluorosic children and 50 healthy(without fluorostic teeth) children aging 7-12 years who were sampled in cluster sampling were examined for urine fluorosis,physical examination and intelligence tests in Zhijin county,with coal burning pollution related fluorosis.Results Physical development of sick children and the children in control group were in low levels. The intelligence levels and the leves of urine fluorosis in study group were lower than those in control group and there was a significant difference(P