RESUMO
La pandemia producida por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 está causando estragos sanitarios y económicos en todo el mundo, obligando a la reorientación de recursos para disminuir el contagio y superar los problemas económicos. En ese sentido se comenzaron a construir y emplear las cabinas de desinfección para eliminar el SARS-CoV-2 de forma externa, las cuales eran colocadas en las entradas de los hospitales para rociar con agentes desinfectantes a las personas que entraban y salían del lugar, a pesar de que los productos empleados están habilitados para ser utilizados sobre objetos y por un tiempo determinado, lo cual representaba un riesgo para la salud del usuario por lo que se requería de un estudio para establecer los peligros relacionados y desaconsejar su utilización.
The pandemic produced by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is causing health and economic havoc throughout the world, forcing the redirection of resources to reduce contagion and overcome economic problems. In this sense, they began to build and use disinfection cabins to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 externally, which were placed at the entrances of hospitals to spray disinfectants with disinfectants to people who entered and left the place, despite the fact that the products used are enabled to be used on objects and for a certain time, which represented a risk to the health of the user, so a study was required to establish the related dangers and advise against their use.
Assuntos
Coronavirus , Betacoronavirus , Desinfecção , Risco , PandemiasRESUMO
Objective To investigate the characteristics of craniocerebral injuries in the Beagle dogs caused by explosion shock wave and quasi-static pressure by simulating the condition of multiple cabins explosion in warship. Methods A total of 24 Beagle dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups, with 12 in each group, and the Beagle dogs of 2 groups were tested in the multiple cabins with the same size of the real warship. A 0. 65 kg TNT equivalent bare explosion was blasted in the cabins, which was defined as the target cabin (I group), and the neighboring one was defined as the adjacent cabin (II group). Parameters of shock waves were measured using pressure transducers. The survival status of dogs, basic vital signs, neurological function scores and the gross and morphological changes of the brains were observed after the explosion. Results There were two reflected shock waves after the explosion in the cabins, and the peak pressure of the shock wave in the adjacent cabin was about 0. 39 limes of that of the target cabin. Seven Beagle dogs died instantly after the explosion, and four died within 24 h. The mortality rale of the dogs was 45.83% (11/24). with that in the target cabin being 66. 67% (8/12) and that in the adjacent cabin being 25. 0% (3/12). The basic vital signs and neurological function of the survival dogs underwent greal changes immediately after the explosion, which basically recovered after 24 h. The brain issues of the dogs thai immediately died after explosion had obvious contusions, and cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral edema were found in the dogs died within 24 h after explosion. Abnormal morphological structures and neuronal structures were also found in the brain issues of survival Beagle dogs under light microscope, with some neurons showing nuclei condensation and deep staining, nuclear dissolution or disappearance of nucleus, and the cell borders being blurred. Conclusion In multiple cabin explosion, the peak pressure of the shock wave in the target cabin is significantly higher than that in the adjacent cabin. There are two reflected shock waves in the cabins, which increases the damage to the dogs. The mortality rate of the Beagle dogs in the target cabin is higher than that in the adjacent cabin; and the acute injuries of Beagle dogs immediately after the explosion are the most serious ones, with obvious pathological changes of the brain tissues.
RESUMO
Los objetos fabricados con las resinasreforzadas pueden liberar al medio ambiente, vapor de estireno, lo que conlleva a tener una exposición al disolvente. En Uruguay, para el desarrollo de diferentes tareas administrativas, de vigilancia, de comercio, etc. se utilizan unas cabinas que son fabricadas con resinas de poliester no saturadas. En un trabajo anterior se comprobó que existía exposición a estireno en este tipo de cabinas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar los riesgos higiénicos a los que está expuesto el personal de empresa que desarrolla sus tareas administrativas en cabinas de fibra de vidrio reforzadas de resina. Se realizaron muestreos ambientales en cabinas ubicadas en diferentes zonas del Montevideo durante el año 2004 y 2005. Los valores de referencia que se utilizaron fueron los de la American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) de 2006.El trabajo realizado demuestra que no existe exposición del personal a vapores de estireno en sus lugares de trabajo con el consiguiente riesgo descrito para estos productos. Considerando los resultados del año 2003, se concluye que los valores obtenidos ese año fueron puntuales del tipo de cabinas.
The objects made with reinforced resins can release styrene steam to the indoor environment, which involves worker´s exposure to this toxic solvent. In Uruguay, some administrative, commerce, and more tasks are carried out in those fiber glass cabins which are manufactured with those resins. In a previous study we had high values of styrene in air and his metabolites in urine for people working in this buildings. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the hygienic risks to exposed workers from different companies who perform their administrative tasks in reinforced fiber glass cabins. Environmental samplings were made. The reference values used were those of the American Conference of Industrial Governmental Hygienists of 2005 (ACGIH). The results obtained demonstrates that there was no exposure to styrene released from the cabin. The study in 2003 was a particular cabins problem.