Prognosis impact of perineural invasion in advanced stage oral squamous cell carcinoma / Impacto do prognóstico da invasão perineural no carcinoma espinocelular de boca em estágio avançado

Apesar de pesquisas recentes mostrarem baixa sobrevida em pacientes oncológicos que tiveram invasão perineural (IPN), pouco se sabe sobre a força do IPN relacionada à sobrevida do carcinoma espinocelular (CEC) de boca e em relação a suas variáveis clínico-patológicas. Os objetivos específicos do estudo foram medir o impacto do IPN na sobrevida do CEC de boca, bem como a correlação entre as características clínico-patológicas do paciente diagnosticado com CEC de boca com o IPN em pacientes tratados cirurgicamente. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo envolvendo 101 pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico com ou sem associação de terapia adjuvante entre os anos de 1994 e 2016. Todas as variáveis foram inseridas simultaneamente no modelo de cox para cada modelo de sobrevida e na tabulação cruzada para avaliar a relação do IPN com as variáveis do CEC de boca. A significância estatística para o estudo foi estabelecida em um valor de P inferior a 0,05. A variável de interesse IPN provou ser preditora de sobrevida global (HR, 3,38; IC 95%, 0,139-0,624; P = 0,004) e sobrevida específica da doença (HR, 2,95; IC 95% 0,137-0,810; P=0,019). O IPN também mostrou relação com tratamento (P = 0,011) na análise de correlação. A invasão perineural foi considerada uma variável independente na sobrevida específica e global de pacientes com CEC de boca. Outros fatores relacionados à sensibilidade da avaliação do padrão de invasão perineural no CEC de boca ainda permanecem desconhecidos(AU)

Despite recent research showing low survival in cancer patients who had perineural invasion (PNI), little is known about the strength of the PNI related to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) survival and in relation to its clinicopathological variables. The specific objectives of the study were to measure the impact of the PNI on the survival of oral SCC, as well as the correlation between the clinicopathological characteristics of the patient diagnosed with OSCC of the mouth with the PNI in surgically treated patients. A retrospective study was carried out involving 101 patients who underwent surgical treatment with or without the association of adjuvant therapy between the years 1994 and 2016. All variables were entered simultaneously in the cox model for each survival model and in the cross-tabulation to evaluate the relationship between the PNI and the OSCC by mouth variables. Statistical significance for the study was established at a P value of less than 0.05. The PNI variable of interest proved to be a predictor of overall survival (HR, 3.38; 95% CI, 0.139-0.624; P = 0.004) and disease-specific survival (HR, 2.95; 95% CI 0.137-0.810; P =0.019). The PNI also showed a relationship with treatment (P = 0.011) in the correlation analysis. Perineural invasion was considered an independent variable in the specific and overall survival of patients with OSCC. Other factors related to the sensitivity of the assessment of the perineural invasion pattern in OSCC of the mouth still remain unknown(AU)

Host metabolism dysregulation and cell tropism identification in human airway and alveolar organoids upon SARS-CoV-2 infection

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is spread primary via respiratory droplets and infects the lungs. Currently widely used cell lines and animals are unable to accurately mimic human physiological conditions because of the abnormal status of cell lines (transformed or cancer cells) and species differences between animals and humans. Organoids are stem cell-derived self-organized three-dimensional culture in vitro and model the physiological conditions of natural organs. Here we showed that SARS-CoV-2 infected and extensively replicated in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)-derived lung organoids, including airway and alveolar organoids which covered the complete infection and spread route for SARS-CoV-2 within lungs. The infected cells were ciliated, club, and alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, which were sequentially located from the proximal to the distal airway and terminal alveoli, respectively. Additionally, RNA-seq revealed early cell response to virus infection including an unexpected downregulation of the metabolic processes, especially lipid metabolism, in addition to the well-known upregulation of immune response. Further, Remdesivir and a human neutralizing antibody potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in lung organoids. Therefore, human lung organoids can serve as a pathophysiological model to investigate the underlying mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to discover and test therapeutic drugs for COVID-19.

Advances in pathogenic mechanisms of enterovirus 71 / 国际儿科学杂志

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the major pathogens that cause hand foot and mouth disease.Epidemics and pandemics have been periodically reported worldwide.EV71 also can cause serous complications and lead death in children.The mechanisms of EV71 cause serious complications has remained unclear,may relate to many factors,including cell tropism,cell death and host immune responses.This article reviews the recent advances in the identification of factors determining EV71 cell tropism,the associated mechanisms of viral infection-induced cell death and the interplay between EV71 and immunity.

Isolation of 9 HIV-1 strains from the Infected Persons and Study of Their Biological Characteation / 中国人兽共患病学报

Aim To isolate HIV-1 from the blood specimen of HIV-infected persons, and study on the features of the isolates. Methods PBMCs from 10 heparinized blood specimens of HIV-1 infected persons were collected to isolate the virus with PBMC cocultivation method. Neuramindase was added to the culture medium to raise the HIV isolation rate. The supernatant of cocultures were detected by p24 antigen capture assay and also IFA test was used to identify the isolates. Cell tropism of the HIV-1 isolates was tested byuse of H9 and MT4 cell lines, respectively. Results HIV-1 was isolated from9 of the 10 specimens, the isolation rate could reached 90%. The 9 isolates were used to infect MT4 cells, respectively, and all of them could cause cell syncytias.8 of the isolates showed only a transient infection in MT4 cells, but the isolate FJ113 could infect MT4 successively, OD values kept no changes even it passed 15 generations, therefore, it is consider as a rapid/high replicating virus. Conclusions Addition of neuramindase into T cell culture medium may useful to raise HIV isolation rate. Most of HIV-1 isolates in Fujian are M tropic.