RESUMO
Chronic pneumonitis of infancy (CPI) is a very rare interstitial lung disease. Its pathological features differ from other types of interstitial pneumonia that occur in adults and children. The mortality rate of CPI is high, even with treatment. We report a case of a 3 month old girl diagnosed with CPI after an open lung biopsy who improved after proper treatment.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Biópsia , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/diagnóstico , Pneumonia/diagnóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Interstitial lung disease, mostly chronic lung disorder, is usually characterized by diffuse infiltrates and disordered gas exchange, is a very rare disease in children. Chronic pneumonitis of infancy (CPI) is a recently described entity representing a distinct form of interstitial lung disease affecting infants and young children. The histologic findings suggest marked alveolar septal thickening, striking alveolar pneumocyte hyperplasia, and alveolar exudates containing numerous macrophages and foci of eosinophilic debris. A 3-year-old boy visited a local clinic with cough and tachypnea for a duration of 3 weeks. His clinical symptoms were aggravated and he was referred to our hospital. He was diagnosed with chronic pneumonitis of infancy after undergoing open lung biopsy. We herein present the case with review of literature.
Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Biópsia , Tosse , Eosinófilos , Exsudatos e Transudatos , Hiperplasia , Pulmão , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais , Macrófagos , Células Epiteliais Alveolares , Pneumonia , Doenças Raras , Greve , TaquipneiaRESUMO
The interstitial lung diseases(ILD) comprises a large, heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by derangement of alveolar walls and alveolar capillary unit causing restrictive pulmonary dysfunction and disordered gas exchange. It is rare, especially in children, and the opinions on investigation and treatments are controversial. The classification of adult ILD is applied to that of children. But considering occurrence during the developing state of lung and immune systems, we should be more cautious because the clinical manifestations and prognosis will be different from those of adults. In 1995, Katzenstein named a unique type of ILD, chronic pneumonitis of infancy (CPI) for the first time. CPI is characterized by marked alveolar septal thickening, striking type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, and eosinophilic alveolar exudate containing numerous macrophages. We report a 14 month-old girl, who had continuing respiratory difficulty and cyanosis after upper respiratory infection, could not sustain oxygen saturation and was finally diagnosed as CPI by histologic examination.