RESUMO
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the cold tolerance ability of ten boro rice genotypes in the laboratory conditions for suitability of growing under low temperature stress. The experiment was laid out in Factorial CRD and the low temperature regimes was provided under controlled environment (Walk-in cold chamber by Saveer Biotech Limited) for germination studies that could maintain the specific low temperature. The experiment was conducted in the Department of Crop Physiology and Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India. The germination tests were conducted under four different temperature regimes where seed germination under ambient (T4=28 ± 0.2oC) was considered as control. Low-temperature treatments were provided by the growth chamber at three different levels of low temperature viz. (T3=10-12°C), (T2=7-9oC) and (T1=5-6°C). Per cent germination, germination index, shoot length, length of longest root and seed vigour index were considered for the study. The germination percent, germination index, shoot length, length of longest root and seed vigour index was recorded highest under ambient condition (T4) irrespective of all the genotypes. Seeds grown under T3 showed considerable germination values only after 28 days of germination studies, whereas T1 and T2 showed no germination. The study revealed that amongst all the ten genotypes, Kanaklata and Sona Mahsuri revealed superior performance in germination percentage, germination index, shoot length, length of the longest root and seed vigour index. In the correlation studies, germination % was significantly correlated with germination index, shoot length, length of the longest and SVI at 5% probability level. GI was also positively and significantly correlated with Shoot length (SL), Length of longest root (LLR) and Seed Vigour Index (SVI). The present study revealed that Sona Mahsuri and Kanaklata was found to be the ideal genotypes for germination under low temperature (10-12oC). Therefore, Farmers growing boro rice under low temperature regimes could take the opportunity of selecting the varieties viz. Kanaklata and Sona Mahsuri for higher yield.
RESUMO
Aim: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the second most consumed fruit which belongs to the family Anacardiaceae. Ripening in mango (climacteric fruit) is hastened by application of ethrel. The experiment was conducted to study the effect of different temperatures during ethrel treatment on shelf life and quality of mango cv. Alphonso.Study Design: The experiment consisted of three treatments and seven replications laid out in Completely randomized design (CRD).Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Department of Fruit Science, Horticulture College and research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2022-2023. Methodology: Mango cv. Alphonso was subjected to ethrel treatment in three different ripening chambers having different temperatures viz., T1 – silpaulin chamber (33°C), T2 – zero energy cool chamber (26°C), T3 – cold chamber (22°C) for a period of 24 hours. After ethylene treatment, the fruits were stored at ambient temperature to study the ripening behaviour. Shelf life and quality parameters were observed and recorded. Results: The days taken for ripening was lesser (6 days) and the rate of conversion of quality attributes were higher in fruits subjected to ethrel treatment in silpaulin chamber. The quality attributes like TSS (22°Brix), acidity (0.25 %), TSS : acid ratio (88) were significantly higher in fruits treated in silpaulin chamber on the day of ripening. The physiological loss in weight was found to be significantly lesser in fruits subjected to ethylene treatment in cold chamber (6.56 %) and were on par with fruits treated in zero energy cool chamber (6.71%) whereas the firmness and shelf life were found to be significantly higher in cold chamber treated fruits (2.35 N, 15 days respectively) but firmness was on par with fruits subjected to ethylene treatment in zero energy cool chamber (2.21 N) on ripening. The overall acceptability of fruits in sensory evaluations was significantly higher in fruits treated in zero energy cool chamber (8.3) which was on par with fruits treated in cold chamber (8.1).Conclusion: The fruits treated in silpaulin chamber had better TSS, acidity and TSS: acid blend. The fruits treated in cold chamber were superior in shelf life and sensory score which was also on par with fruits treated in zero energy cool chamber. Hence zero energy cool chamber can be used as an alternative to cold chamber for ethrel treatment which would be cost effective, environment friendly and can be used by small traders and farmers.
RESUMO
The yacon plant produces tuberous roots, used mostly for fresh consumption. This crop is propagated primarily via vegetative structures, called rhizophores. However, since these propagules have short periods of viability after harvest, storing them in cold chamber conditions may be a viable alternative to optimize yacon seedling production. The objective of this study was to test the effect of the refrigerated storage period of yacon rhizophores on seedling development. The experimental design was completely randomized, with eight replications, containing 30 useful plants per replication. Treatments were cold storage periods of propagative materials (35, 28, 21, 14, and 7 days) and a control (planting without storage). The results show that keeping rhizophores in cold storage under temperatures of 8 ºC (± 2 ºC) for a period between 21 to 35 days improves sprouting rates (speed and vigorousness), reducing seedling mortality and favoring initial yacon growth. The refrigerated storage for 21 and 35 days proved to be an alternative to achieve improved plant stand in production fields, reflecting in more uniform harvest, and minimizing the problem of seasonal availability of propagative material.Yacon, is known for its tuberous roots, which are consumed as functional food and is propagated mostly in the vegetative form, via propagules, so-called rhizophores. However, they are organs with little durability in its propagation form. Storing them in cold chamber conditions, can be a viable alternative for the seedlings production of the culture. The objective of this study was to verify the influence of the refrigerated storage period of yacon rhizophores in the initial plant development. The experimental design was completely randomized with eight replicates and six treatments and the rhizophores were place in the refrigerated storage for: 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days; and time zero (planting without storage). The results show that the rhizophores in the refrigerated storage in a temperature of 8 to 10°C, for a period between 21 to 35 days had better sprouting rate (speed and vigor), reducing mortality, which favored the initial yacon growth. The refrigerated storage between 21 and 35 days showed to be an alternative that resulted in a uniform plant stand in crops, also reflecting the uniformity in the harvest, and minimizes the problem of seasonality offering culture propagation material.
A yacon, conhecida por suas raízes tuberosas, que são consumidas como alimento funcional, é propagada em sua maioria na forma vegetativa, via propágulos, assim chamados de rizóforos. No entanto, são órgãos de pouca durabilidade na sua forma propagativa. Logo, o armazenamento dos mesmos em condições de câmara fria, pode vir a ser uma alternativa viável para a produção de mudas da cultura. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho, verificar a influência do período de armazenamento refrigerado dos rizóforos de yacon no desenvolvimento inicial das plantas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com oito repetições e seis tratamentos constituídos pelos períodos de armazenamento refrigerado em que os rizóforos foram submetidos: 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias; e o tempo zero (plantio sem armazenamento). Os resultados demonstraram que o armazenamento refrigerado dos rizóforos, em temperatura de 8 a 10 ºC, por um período entre 21 a 35 dias, proporcionou melhores índices de brotação (velocidade e vigorosidade), diminuindo a taxa de mortalidade, o que favoreceu o crescimento inicial da yacon. O armazenamento refrigerado entre 21 e 35 dias apresentou ser uma alternativa que resultou em maior uniformidade na formação do estande de plantas na lavoura, inclusive repercutindo na uniformidade de colheita, além de minimizar o problema de sazonalidade da oferta de material propagativo da cultura.