The relationship between color vision discrimination ability and depth perception among university students / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Abstract? AIM: To evaluate the relationship between color discrimination ability ( CDA) and depth perception among university students with normal color vision.?METHODS:A total of 52 students, 33 males ( 63.46%) and 19 females (36.54%) from Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, aged 21.18 ±2.52y included in this study. Subject has normal visual acuity ( 20/20 ) and without congenital color vision deficiency ( CCVD ) . They were evaluated by Ishihara Pseudoisochromatic Plate Test (IPPT).Dominant eye (DE) was determined using the Gundogan Method. The CDA was examined by Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue Test ( FM100HT ) test for detecting total error score ( TES ) and local error score ( LES) for two eyes ( TE) open, the right eye ( RE) open and the left eye ( LE) open.The error scores were divided into the three groups: for the TE, for the dominant eye ( DE ) and for the non -dominant eye ( NDE ) . The presence of the binocularity and stereoscopic sensitivity ( SS ) were investigated by TNO test which were also divided into four groups according to the level of SS within a range of 480-15 arc/s.?RESULTS:The error scores of FM100HT without gender difference for TES, blue/yellow( b/y) LES and red/green (r/g) LES were found 61.22±30.32(58.50), 35.80±19.32 (36.50) and 25.42 ±14.65 (24.00) respectively.In male subjects (n=31) were found 67.45±29.95 (61.00), 40.25± 18.83 (39.00) and 27.19 ±14.30 (24.00) respectively.In female subjects (n=19) were found 51.05±28.84 (47.00), 25.52±18.32 (28.00) and 22.2±31.13 (23.00) respectively. Females had higher CDA than males according FM100HT error scores. CDA classification according to FM100HT were found to be higher ( 6%, TES=0-20 ) , medium (86%, TES=20-100), lower (8%, TES>100), the medium level was statistically more frequently observed (P<0.05). The r/g color LES for DE and NDE were 24.12±14.70 and 32.20±14.21, b/y color LES for DE and NDE were 34.68 ± 1.95 and 36.24±17.56 respectively.In female (n=19) r/g color LES for DE and NDE were 21.89 ±15.06 and 31.00 ± 22.42;in male (n=31) 25.48±14.55 and 32.93±17.31.In female (n=19) b/y color LES for DE and NDE were 29.63± 18.62 and 33.42±17.38; in male (n=31) 37.77±18.78 and 37.96±17.73 respectively.All students'TES of TE, DE and NDE subgroups and stereopsis level of were compared, the differences were not statistically significant ( P=1 ) . According to our research CDA and binocular depth perception does not effect on each other.?CONCLUSION: In normal subjects TES of FM100HT showed that no difference in the subject with different stereopsis level and the depth perception evaluated by TNO test which is based on color dissociation and the ability to color discrimination was not correlated. Our previous study DE's CDA was found superior to the NDE's.But in the presenting study showed that DE was not superior to NDE in terms of depth perception.

Long-term loss of color vision after exposure to mercury vapor

We evaluated the color vision of 24 subjects (41.6 ± 6.5 years; 6 females) who worked in fluorescent lamp industries. They had been occupationally exposed to mercury vapor (10.6 ± 5.2 years) and had been away from the source of exposure for 6.4 ± 4.04 years. Mean urinary concentration of mercury was 40.6 ± 36.4 æg/g creatinine during or up to 1 year after exposure and 2.71 ± 1.19 æg/g creatinine at the time of color vision testing or up to 1 year thereafter. All patients were diagnosed with chronic mercury intoxication, characterized by clinical symptoms and neuropsychological alterations. A control group (N = 36, 48.6 ± 11.9 years, 10 females, 1.5 ± 0.47 æg mercury/g creatinine) was subjected to the same tests. Inclusion criteria for both groups were Snellen VA 20/30 or better and absence of known ophthalmologic pathologies. Color discrimination was assessed with the Farnsworth D-15 test (D-15) and with the Lanthony D-15d test (D-15d). Significant differences were found between the two eyes of the patients (P < 0.001) in both tests. Results for the worst eye were also different from controls for both tests: P = 0.014 for D-15 and P < 0.001 for D-15d. As shown in previous studies, the D-15d proved to be more sensitive than the D-15 for the screening and diagnosis of the color discrimination losses. Since color discrimination losses were still present many years after the end of exposure, they may be considered to be irreversible, at least under the conditions of the present study.

Evaluation of Early Neurologic Abnormalities on the Workers Exposed to Acrylamide / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: Acrylamide is a neurotoxin inducing central-peripheral distal axonopathy. The authors evaluated several neurologic tests to screen the early effect of occupational acrylamide exposure. METHODS: Fifty-two males working either in the production of acrylamide monomer or in the handling of acrylamide in Ulsan, Korea, were selected and subcategorized into the high-exposure group (n=10, mean age of 30. 4 years) and the low-exposure group (n=42, mean age of 28.9 years). Twenty-three males (mean age 29.4 years) from medical professionals and students were chosen as a non-exposed reference group. Symptom questionnaire, neurologic examination, electrodiagnostic test, vibrotactile threshold test, and Lanthony desaturated 15 panel test (LD-15D) were done. RESULTS: The high-exposure group showed more number of specific symptoms on questionnaire and more abnormal two point discrimination test. High-exposure group showed a significant difference in the median motor conduction velocity, peroneal nerve motor latency, sensory amplitude of median nerve action potential, and sensory latency of sural nerve. The vibrotactile threshold of the high-exposure group was significantly higher in both hands and feet than that of the low-exposure group and the reference group. Average color confusion index on the LD-15D was significantly higher in the high-exposure group (median 22.7, range 0-135.7) than in the reference group (median 2.4, range 0-33.2). CONCLUSIONS: The symptom questionnaire, vibrotactile threshold test, and color discrimination test are sensitive in detection of the early acrylamide-induced neuropathy, and the combination of these tests would further facilitate the effectiveness of the screening.

FM100-Hue test measurement for color discrimination in the fellow eye of patients with age-related macular degeneration / 眼科

Thirty-six patients with normal vision in one eye coupled with advanced age-related macular degeneration(AMD)in the fellow eye,and 36 eyes with drusen in one eye coupled with macular drusen in the fellow eye,and 36 normal subjects(36 eyes) were measured by FM100-Hue test.All the tesed eyes had corrected vision of 1.0 or better and had drusen in the fundus.The results showed that the total errors score of FM100-Hue test of patients whose fellow eye suffered from advanced AMD compared with that of the patients whose fellow eye did not suffer from advanced AMD,difference between the two groups in the red and panchromatic regions was statistically significant(P