The skin surface microcirculation of conception vessel, governor vessel and thoroughfare vessel in patients with primary dysmenorrhea / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the skin surface microcirculation of acupoints of conception vessel, governor vessel and thoroughfare vessel in patients with primary dysmenorrhea using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), and provide acupoint selection basis of acupuncture-moxibustion for primary dysmenorrhea.@*METHODS@#Ninety-nine healthy female college students with regular menstrual cycles (normal group) and 94 female college students with primary dysmenorrhea (dysmenorrhea group) were recruited. Before menstrual period, on the first day of menstruation, and on the third day after menstruation, LSCI was used to observe the surface microcirculation at the abdominal acupoints of conception vessel, i. e. Yinjiao (CV 7), Qihai (CV 6), Shimen (CV 5), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zhongji (CV 3) and Qugou (CV 2), acupoints of thoroughfare vessel, i. e. Huangshu (KI 16), Zhongzhu (KI 15), Siman (KI 14), Qixue (KI 13), Dahe (KI 12), Henggu (KI 11) and acupoints of lumbosacral region of governor vessel, i. e. Xuanshu (GV 5), Mingmen (GV 4), Yaoyangguan (GV 3), Yaoshu (GV 2) as well as two non-acupoints.@*RESULTS@#Before menstrual period, there was no significant difference in the surface blood perfusion of the acupoints between the dysmenorrhea group and the normal group (P>0.05). On the first day of menstruation, the surface blood perfusion of Xuanshu (GV 5), Mingmen (GV 4), Yaoyangguan (GV 3) and right Huangshu (KI 16) in the dysmenorrhea group was higher than that in the normal group (P<0.05, P<0.01). On the third day after menstruation, the surface blood perfusion of the right Henggu (KI 11) in the dysmenorrhea group was lower than that in the normal group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In patients with primary dysmenorrhea, on the first day of menstruation, the surface blood perfusion of Xuanshu (GV 5), Mingmen (GV 4), Yaoyangguan (GV 3) of governor vessel, and the right Huangshu (KI 16) of thoroughfare vessel is increased, while on the third day after menstruation, the surface blood perfusion of the right Henggu (KI 11) of thoroughfare vessel is decreased. These findings might provide a basis for acupoint selection in the acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

A Preliminary Framework for Syndrome Differentiation of Prostate Meridian， Qi And Blood Based on the “Conception Vessel， Governor Vessel and Thorough Vessel Sharing the Same Origin” Theory / 中医杂志

The “conception vessel， governor vessel and thorough vessel sharing the same origin” theory refers to the concept that the conception vessel， governor vessel and thorough vessel all originate from the same source within the uterus and emerge from the perineum. Based on the modern research of McNeal's prostate zonal anatomy theory， it is believed that the conception vessel， governor vessel and thorough vessel have the closest relationship with the prostate in terms of their origin and running course. It is proposed that the essential meaning of the ‘conception vessel， governor vessel and thorough vessel sharing the same origin’ theory in relation to the prostate is that the conception vessel， governor vessel and thorough vessel respectively connect to the transition zone， peripheral zone， and central zone of the prostate. Moreover， the differences in the yin-yang attributes of the conception vessel， governor vessel and thorough vessel exhibit distinct functional characteristics in different zones of the prostate， which serve as an important basis for the physiological and pathological differences in various prostate zones. Based on this premise， a prostate meridian， qi and blood syndrome differentiation method is further proposed， wherein the differences in the meridian characteristics of the conception vessel， governor vessel and thorough vessel determine the differences in the yin-yang aspects of qi and blood in different prostate zones. When clinical diagnosis is conducted， the inherent physiological differences of the different prostate zones should be fully taken into account， as well as the pathological characteristics of the disease， in order to guide the diagnosis and treatment of related clinical conditions.

Clinical study of treating somatoform pain disorder with the combination of electroacupuncture and duloxetine / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of treating somatoform pain disorder(SPD)with electroacupuncture(EA)at the Governor and Conception Vessel points plus duloxetine.Methods:Eighty-two SPD patients were randomly allocated to an observation group and a control group,with 41 cases in each group.The control group was intervened by oral administration of duloxetine hydrochloride enteric capsules at a dose of 60 mg per time once a day;based on the medication,the observation group received additional EA treatment by selecting points from the Governor and Conception Vessels.Clinical efficacy was evaluated after 8 weeks of treatments;changes in the scores of the short-form McGill pain questionnaire(SF-MPQ),self-report symptom inventory,symptom check list-90(SCL-90),Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),and generic quality of life inventory-74(GQOLI-74)were also compared.Results:After the intervention,the observation group surpassed the control group in comparing the total effective rate(P＜0.05).The SF-MPQ score,SCL-90 somatization score,and PSQI score dropped notably in both groups after treatment,and the intra-group differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05);the three scores were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P＜0.05).The GQOLI-74 score got an increase in each dimension in both groups after treatment,and the intra-group differences were also statistically significant(P＜0.05);the GQOLI-74 dimension scores were all significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:For patients with SPD,combining EA at the Governor and Conception Vessel points and duloxetine hydrochloride enteric capsules can markedly improve their clinical symptoms and quality of life.

Effects of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on the expression of thyroid autophagy-related factors LC3B and Beclin-1 in rats with autoimmune thyroiditis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the anti-inflammatory effect, as well as the effect on the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3B (LC3B) and Beclin-1 of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion in rats with experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT). Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group and a modeling group. The EAT rat model was prepared by a combination of antigen immunization plus iodine agent induction. After the model was prepared, rats in the modeling group were randomly and equally divided into a model group and a herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group. In the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group, moxibustion was alternately applied to two groups of points [Dazhui (GV14)-Mingmen (GV4) and Tiantu (CV22)-Guanyuan (CV4)], and the treatment continued for 30 d. Rats in the normal and model groups were only fixed identically without intervention. Histopathological manifestations of thyroid glands were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the concentrations of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of autophagy-related factors LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue. Results: There were massive follicular destruction, lymphocytic infiltration, and interstitial fibrous tissue hyperplasia of the thyroid glands in the model group. Some follicles of the thyroid glands were destroyed with few lymphocyte infiltrations and fibrous tissue hyperplasia in the moxibustion group. Compared with the normal group, the concentrations of serum TPOAb, TGAb, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were increased in the model rats (P<0.05); the mRNA and protein expression levels of LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue were reduced in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the concentrations of serum TPOAb, TGAb, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were reduced in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group (P<0.05); the mRNA and protein expression levels of LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue were increased in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue was negatively correlated with the serum levels of TPOAb and TGAb.Conclusion: Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion reduces the inflammatory response in the thyroid glands of EAT rats and lowers the levels of serum TPOAb and TGAb. This may be related to the regulation of mRNA and protein expression of the autophagy-associated factors LC3B and Beclin-1 in rat thyroid tissue.

Analysis on the route of conception vessel and governor vessel in / 中国针灸

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Clinical observation of herb-separated moxibustion on segmental conception vessel combined with low-frequency TEAS for asthenospermia and oligospermia / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical effect of herb-separated moxibustion on segmental conception vessel combined with low-frequency transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) for asthenospermia and oligospermia.@*METHODS@#A total of 105 patients with asthenospermia and oligospermia were randomly divided into a combination group, a TEAS group and a medication group, 35 cases in each one. In the medication group, vitamin E capsules, coenzyme Q10 capsules，@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, except for the sperm morphology 2 months into treatment in the medication group, the semen routine indexes 2, 3 months into treatment were improved in the 3 groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Herb-separated moxibustion on segmental conception vessel combined with low-frequency TEAS can improve semen routine, reduce sperm oxidative stress damage for patients with asthenospermia and oligospermia, and the clinical efficacy is better than the medication and TEAS.

Exploration of the meridian differentiation law in polycystic ovarian syndrome of hirsutism based on data mining technology / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the distribution characteristics of hirsutism and the law of meridian differentiation in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>For the patients of PCOS, the modified Ferriman-Gallwey score (mF-G score) was adopted to evaluate the hirsutism distribution. The clementine data mining software was used to analyze the distribution region of hirsutism and the correlation with meridian.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 141 patients of PCOS participated in the study. The most common regions of hirsutism were in the upper lip (50.35%) and the lower abdomen (34.04%). The higher frequencies of hirsutism at two regions were at the upper lip and lower abdomen (24.82%), the upper lip and chest (12.06%) and the upper lip and thigh (11.35%). In the analysis on the correlation of the upper lip, lower abdomen and chest with other regions, hirsutism was more common in the nearby regions. In reference to the running course of meridian, the frequencies of hirsutism from high to low were the conception vessel (63.12%), the thoroughfare vessel (61.70%), the liver meridian of foot-(58.16%) and the stomach meridian of foot-(57.45%). According to:-, the high incidence of hirsutism (59.57%） resulted from the change ofand blood inmeridian. .</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Blood plays the important role in the growth of body hair. Regarding theattribution, the incidence of hirsutism at theregions is higher than theregions. The occurrence of hirsutism is closely related toand blood changes in meridians. The conception vessel, the thoroughfare vessel, the liver meridian of foot-andmeridian act highly on the disease.</p>

Therapeutic Observation of Scalp Cluster Needling plus Acupuncture at Conception Vessel Points for Generalized Anxiety Disorder / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of scalp cluster needling plus acupuncture at Conception Vessel points in treating generalized anxiety disorder.Method Sixty eligible subjects were divided into a treatment group and a control group by the random number table, 30 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by scalp cluster needling plus acupuncture at Conception Vessel points including Tiantu (CV22), Danzhong (CV17), Zhongwan (CV12) and Xiawan (CV10); in the control group, Shenmen (HT7), Daling (PC7), Neiguan (PC6), Qimen (LR14), Xinshu (BL15), Hegu (LI4) and Taichong (LR3) were selected. The treatments were given once a day, 6 sessions followed by 1-day interval as a treatment course, for successive 8 courses in total. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores of the two groups were compared before and after the treatment and in the follow-up study; the clinical efficacies were also compared.Result The treatment protocols in the two groups were both effective in treating generalized anxiety disorder, while the markedly effective rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). The HAMA scores after treatment and in the 1-month follow-up study were significantly different from the score before the treatment in both groups (P<0.01). There were significant differences in comparing the HAMA score between the two groups respectively after treatment and in the 1-month follow-up study (P<0.05). Conclusion Scalp cluster needling plus acupuncture at Conception Vessel points shows significant advantage in treating generalized anxiety disorder compared to the ordinary acupuncture method.

Therapeutic Observation of Scalp Cluster Needling plus Acupuncture at Conception Vessel Points for Generalized Anxiety Disorder / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of scalp cluster needling plus acupuncture at Conception Vessel points in treating generalized anxiety disorder.Method Sixty eligible subjects were divided into a treatment group and a control group by the random number table, 30 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by scalp cluster needling plus acupuncture at Conception Vessel points including Tiantu (CV22), Danzhong (CV17), Zhongwan (CV12) and Xiawan (CV10); in the control group, Shenmen (HT7), Daling (PC7), Neiguan (PC6), Qimen (LR14), Xinshu (BL15), Hegu (LI4) and Taichong (LR3) were selected. The treatments were given once a day, 6 sessions followed by 1-day interval as a treatment course, for successive 8 courses in total. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores of the two groups were compared before and after the treatment and in the follow-up study; the clinical efficacies were also compared.Result The treatment protocols in the two groups were both effective in treating generalized anxiety disorder, while the markedly effective rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). The HAMA scores after treatment and in the 1-month follow-up study were significantly different from the score before the treatment in both groups (P<0.01). There were significant differences in comparing the HAMA score between the two groups respectively after treatment and in the 1-month follow-up study (P<0.05). Conclusion Scalp cluster needling plus acupuncture at Conception Vessel points shows significant advantage in treating generalized anxiety disorder compared to the ordinary acupuncture method.

Chronic fatigue syndrome treated with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical therapeutic effects and safety of chronic fatigue syndrome treated with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on the conception vessel and the governor vessel.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-nine patients of chronic fatigue syndrome were randomized into an observation group (46 cases) and a control group (43 cases). In the observation group, TEAS was applied at Dazhui (GV 14) and Mingmen (GV 4), Shenque (CV 8) and Guanyuan (CV 4) [the current intensity: (14±2) mA]. In the control group, the simulated TEAS was applied at the same acupoints as the observation group (the current intensity: 1 mA). The treatment was given for 30 min, once a day, 5 times a week and the treatment of 4 weeks was as 1 session in the two groups. One session of treatment was required. Before treatment and at the end of 1 session of treatment, the fatigue severity scale (FSS) was adopted to evaluate the fatigue symptoms and the somatic and psychological health report (SPHERE) was adopted to evaluate the potential symptoms and observe the safety of TEAS therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the end of treatment, FSS score and SPHERE score in the control group were not different significantly as compared with those before treatment (both>0.05). FSS score and SPHERE score in the observation group were reduced significantly as compared with those before treatment (both<0.01). FSS score and SPHERE score in the observation group were reduced apparently as compared with those in the control group (both<0.001). In the entire process of treatment with TEAS, no any adverse reaction occurred.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TEAS on the conception vessel and the governor vessel relieves fatigue symptoms and the potential symptoms in the patients of chronic fatigue syndrome. It is a safe therapy.</p>

Exploration on the treatment ofin terms of the conception vessel / 中国针灸

Diabetes is in the category ofin TCM, which is mainly discussed in light ofdeficiency. The conception vessel is the sea ofmeridians, acting on regulating the accumulation and irrigation ofand blood of twelve meridians and collaterals. The physiological function of the conception vessel is closely related to the pathogenesis of, its running course is highly coincident with the location ofand the symptoms ofare relevant with the indications of the conception vessel. Hence, harmonizingand blood of the conception vessel may be an effective approach to the prevention and treatment of.

Clinical observation of ankylosing spondylitis treated with moxibustion along the governor vessel and the conception vessel and salazosulfapyridine / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the difference in the clinical efficacy on ankylosing spondylitis (AS) between the combined therapy of moxibustion along the governor vessel and the conception vessel and salazosulfapyridine (SASP) and the routine moxibustion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-two patients of AS were randomized into two groups, 31 cases in each one with one case dnopping separately. In the two groups, SASP was prescribed for oral administration. In the observation group, the self-prepared moxa powder, ginger granules and moxa wool were placed on the back, from Dazhui (GV 14) to Yaoshu (GV 2) and on the abdomen, from the inferior of the xiphoid process to the upper border of symphsis pubis, covering the running of the governor vessel and the conception vessel. In the control group, the routine moxibustion therapy was used, in which, the moxa box was placed on the back and abdomen alternatively. Each treatment lasted 2 h, once every 7 days, 3 treatments as one session. After 3 sessions of treatment, the symptom score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, time of morning stiffness, Schober test, occiput-to-wall distance and thoracic mobility were observed before and after treatment. The clinical efficacy was evaluated in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 86.7% (26/30) in the observation group, better than 73.3% (22/30) in the control group. The efficacy in the observation group was better than that in the control group (<0.05). All of the observation indices after treatment were improved apparently as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all<0.01). After treatment, the improvements in the symptom score, VAS score, time of morning stiffness and Schober test in the observation group were better apparently than those in the control group (all<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>On the basis of treatment with SASP, moxibustion along the governor vessel and the conception vessel achieves the definite efficacy on AS, better than the routine moxibustion therapy.</p>

Issues surrounding the Huiyin-vessel and CV1 (Huiyin) / 全日本鍼灸学会雑誌

In order to address conflicting accounts of the Huiyin-vessel and CV1 (Huiyin) in the Wang Bing version of "Huang-di nei-jing Su Wen", we analyzed the origins of the Huiyin-vessel based on its relationship to hemorrhoids in ancient sources on the topic. Furthermore, by considering the curing methods used by health scholars during the Warring States period in China and hemorrhoid treatments until the Song dynasty, we demonstrated the specificity of the posterior yin (anus) and identified the reason behind moving the location of the Huiyin-vessel. We also clarified the way of determining the location of CV1 (Huiyin) and factors that have until now caused confusion related to CV1 (Huiyin).

A study on the conception vessel / 全日本鍼灸学会雑誌

This paper examined the origins of the conception vessel (also known as the Ren meridian) based on references to the conception vessel in the Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor (Huangdi Neijing, the seminal medical text of ancient China). It takes into consideration new findings related to medical principles, Chinese philology and graphology, and history. We reached the following opinions. It is clear from references in texts such as Lingshu Wuyin Wuwei's mention of underdeveloped innate reproductive functions in men, and the Bone Cavity thesis of the Suwen that states "diseases of the conception vessel appear inside the male as the "seven stomach aches"and in females as mucous discharges from the female genitals and lumps within the bowels", that the conception vessel has existed in both males and females since its discovery. The conception vessel runs along the body's midline, where the following are also located:the vestige of the umbilical cord connected to the fetus, the opening of the vagina and urethral opening (from which menstrual blood and semen are discharged, respectively), and the uterus which holds the fetus. Given that these are all located along the midline, it is thought that the conception vessel was formed based on knowledge of the meridian in ancient cosmology. Insight into the origin of the conception vessel can be provided by elucidating the mechanisms of how the human body gives birth to new life by placing focus on both male vitality and female menstruation while avoiding differences in genital structure. These are interpreted using the same criteria as kidney qi, heavenly dew, conception vessel, and the vital channel, suggesting that both share the same roots and are based in the bladder on the body's midline.