RESUMO
Aerobic methane oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) can use methane as carbon source and energy source, eliminating 10%-20% of global methane. Methanotrophs can also effectively synthesize valuable methane-derived products. This article introduced the methane oxidizing mechanism of methanotrophs, and summarized the practical application and research hotspots of methanotrophs in the field of methane emission reduction in the landfill, ventilation air methane mitigation in coal mines, valuable chemicals biosynthesis, as well as oil and gas reservoir exploration. Main factors influencing the pollutant removal and the biosynthesis efficiency in various applications were also discussed. Based on the study of large-scale cultivation of methanotrophs, some measures to benefit the application and promotion of aerobic methane oxidizing biotechnology were proposed. This includes investigating the effect of intermediate metabolites on methanotrophs activity and population structure, and exploiting economical and efficient alternative culture media and culture techniques.
Assuntos
Biotecnologia , Carbono , Meios de Cultura/química , Metano/metabolismo , Methylococcaceae/metabolismo , OxirreduçãoRESUMO
Baphicacanthus cusia ,widely distributed in the Southwest ,Southern and Eastern regions of China ,is an im-portant medicinal plant of Acanthaceae family .Indigo made from stem and leaf of Baphicacanthus cusia in Fujian has the best quality in China ,and is known as “Jian Indigo naturalis” ,which is the genuine medicinal of Fujian Province .The rhizoma of Baphicacanthus cusia could be used as medicine ,called“Nanbanlangen” ,which together with indigo were included in the“Chi-nese Pharmacopoeia” .Indigo and its original plant both contain indirubin ,which has anti-cancer activity .Indirubin is an active ingredient of Huangdai Pian and Danggui Longhui Wan ,two kinds of traditional Chinese medicine ,which have been successful-ly used in the treatment of malignancies such as chronic myelogenous leukemia .The international advances in the biological characteristics ,genetic diversity ,cultivation technology and molecular biology of Baphicacanthus cusia germplasm resources were summarized .The main problems in Baphicacanthus cusia germplasm resources research are indicated ,which could pro-vide references for the further study and application of Baphicacanthus cusia germplasm resources .
RESUMO
Leucocoprinus birnbaumill (Corda)Sing.is a new recorded species in Sichuan province,which belongs to Basidiomycota.It is a poisonous and view and admire mushroom.Hyphae of Leucocoprinus birnbaumii (Corda) Sing.have not clamp connection,but can form sclerotium.This is a rare event of Agaricales.The morphological characteristics,physiological characteristics of mycelium and fruit\|body,and the aftificial cultivate technology of this mushroom are report in this paper.It is a typical medium\|hightemperature mushroom.Grass powder,cow dung,wheat bran and cultivated spent compost of edible fungi etc,conventional combination are cultural fruiting substratum;with bottle,bag,beds cultivation are all feasible,the biological efficiency of dry mushroom is about 5%～7 5%.