Evaluation of the effect of ALT activity on blood donors in Guangzhou Blood Center / 中国输血杂志

Objective To understand and to grasp the basic situation on blood donors who were ineligible by ALT dry chemistry testing before blood donation.Methods The ALT rejection ratios used in initial screening and not used in two blood collection point were compared at the same time.The relativity between the dry chemistry testing and rate method were compared.An association was explored in various influencing factors on the activity of ALT.Results The use of ALT initial screening in blood donation had a significantly lower unqualified rate than not using it in early screening (P＜0.05).Dry chemical,biological method and the results had good correlation rates (r=0.993,P＜0.05).The B MI,drinking,sleeping,sports,diabetes,liver disease were independent factors affecting ALT activity (P＜0.05).Conclusion ALT initial screening can significantly reduce the unqualified rates and disposal of blood.

Performance verification of lactate dehydrogenase in Johnson Vitros 5 .1 FS biochemical analyzer / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the performance verification of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in the Johnson Vitros 5 .1 FS bio‐chemical analyzer .Methods According to CLSI instrumentation evaluation standard and referring to the validation scheme provided by the Johnson company ,the precision ,accuracy ,linear range of LDH ,maximum dilution degree ,biological reference range were verified .Results The LDH intra‐batch and inter‐batch precision experiments were≤3 .30% ;the accuracy experiment≤4 .00% ;the determination coefficient of the linear experiment was 0 .997 2 ;the LDH maximum dilution degree was 8 times with saline solution dilution;the biological reference range experiment verified that the reference range 313-618 U/L provided by the VITROS Meth‐odology Manual could be quote .Conclusion The performance verification of LDH detected by the Johnson Vitros 5 .1 FS biochemi‐cal analyzer basically conforms to the requirements of the quality objectives and manufacturer′s instructions ,and meets the needs of clinical test .

Establishment of reference intervals of dry chemistry tests among healthy population in Chengdu / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To establish the reference intervals of 20 dry biochemical items in different age periods among healthy population in Chengdu to providing better support and service for clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods The stratified random‐ized cluster method was used to collect healthy children and adults in 4 age periods(1 month-3 years old ,>3-7 years old ,>7-18 years old and >18 years old) .Totally 1 495 healthy people (740 males and 755 female) were screened out as the research sub‐jects by the questionnaire ,physical examination and laboratory screening .Fasting venous blood samples were collected from these cases ,then the VITROS 5600 dry biochemistry analyzer was used to detect 20 biochemical items .The obtained results were statisti‐cally analyzed .Results In different groups according to sex and age ,except the conjugated bilirubin (BC) was constant 0 μmol/L , the other items had statistical differences (P<0 .05) .After merging the different groups without statistically significant difference , the obtained reference intervals had significant differences compared with the reference intervals provided by the manufacturer .Con‐clusion Laboratory should establish the different reference intervals aiming at different age and gender populations according to the special character of hospital visiting populations in order to meet the clinical requirements .

Combination of urine sediment quantitative analyzer and urine dry chemistry analyzer in detection of urine cell / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of IQ200 urine sediment quantitative analyzer(IQ200) and Mejer700 urine dry chemistry analyzer(Mejer700) in detecting urine erythrocyte(RBC)and leukocyte(WBC) .Methods The WBC and RBC in 1 000 u‐rine specimens were detected by using IQ200 ,Mejer700 and sediment microscopy respectively .Taking sediment microscopy as the golden standard ,the sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy of IQ200 and Mejer700 in detecting urine RBC and WBC were analysed .Re‐sults No statistically significant differences of positive rates of RBC and WBC detected by using the three methods were found (P>0 .05) .When IQ200 and Mejer700 were combined ,the sensitivities of detection of RBC and WBC test were improved .Conclu‐sion The sensitivities of RBC and WBC detection by using IQ200 and Mejer700 are high .Combing the two methods the sensitivity and accuracy is higher ,which could improve work efficiency .Combination of the three methods should be recommended ,in order to improve the quality of urine analysis .

Influence of Vaginal Discharge on Dry Chemistry Determination of Leukocyte Esterase in Female Urine / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective The present study is to investigate the influence of vaginal discharge on dry chemistry determination of leukocyte esterase in female urine.Methods Collected 20 and 30 normal vaginal discharge samples.Which humoral routine test degree were Ⅰ and Ⅱ correspondingly,and then analyze leukocyte esterase and squamous epithelial cells in these normal vaginal discharge samples.Collected normal vaginal discharge samples again and isolate the vaginal squamous epithelial cells from those normal vaginal discharge samples.Made two concentration of squamous epithelial cell suspension liquid (20/μl and 60/μl)and added these liquid.To normal female urine and analyze the drying chemical leukocyte esterase in those urine. Cleaned the vulva of those patients with normal leukocyte counts in urine sediment determination,whose dry chemical deter-mination of leukocyte esterase was strong positive,perform the routine urine test with her middle urine.Results The results of the determination of leukocyte esterase in normal vaginal discharge samples were 66.7% positive.And there were ~squamous epithelial cells in all samples (microscopy).No significant difference was observed in the examination of dry chem-istry leukocyte esterase among the normal female urine group,low (20/μl)and high (60/μl)concentrations of squamous epi-thelial cell urine group (P >0.05).The counts of squamous epithelial cells and the rate of positive and intensity of dry chem-ical leukocyte esterase in the middle of second urine were significantly lower than before,and the differences are statistically significant (P <0.05).But there was no significant difference for leukocytes counts.Conclusion Urine squamous epithelial cells had no influence on the detection of leukocyte esterase by dry chemistry.However,the leukocyte esterase in the vaginal discharge greatly influenced the examination of the leukocyte esterase in urine.

Comparison of the Reference Intervals of 2 3 Analytes between Wet Chemistry and Dry Chemistry in 2 3 1 Clinical Laboratories in China / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To compare the current application status of reference intervals in dry chemistry to the reference inter-vals of anlytes of wet chemistry in the same hospital.Methods By using web-based external quality assessment (EQA) software system,collecting the submitted data from the laboratories which attended national reference intervals investigation of reference intervals of analytes in dry chemistry and wet chemistry,using professional statistical software for analyzing the data,including paired-samples t test and Yates’Chi-square test.Results 231 laboratories submitted their investigation re-sults including the reference intervals of 23 analytes of dry and wet chemistry.69.6% (32/46)of reference intervals of ana-lytes in dry chemistry have significant statistical differences compared with the wet chemistry in paired-samples t tests. 80.4% (37/46)of medians of reference intervals of analytes in dry chemistry had significant statistical differences in loca-tions and distributions compared with medians of reference intervals of wet chemistry in the same institute.Conclusion The reference intervals of analytes of dry chemistry have differences compared with the wet chemistry in the same hospital.The medians of reference interval’s lower and higher limits of dry and wet chemistry have difference in locations and distribu-tions.Proposed to create our own reference intervals of dry chemistry in China.

Study on consistency of urinary sediment analyzer,urine dry chemistry analyzer and optical microscope in detecting urine erythrocyte / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the consistency of the SYSMEX UF1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer,Arkray AX-4030 urine dry chemistry analyzer and optical microscope in detecting urine erythrocyte.Methods The fresh urine specimens from 427 patients were randomly extracted and tested by the SYSMEX UF1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer,urine dry chemistry analyzer and OLUMPUS Arkray AX-4030 optical microscope.Then the consistency of the results for detecting urine erythrocyte was compared among three kinds of detection method.Results With the microscopic examination as control,the sensitivity and spe-cificity of the SYSMEX UF1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer for detecting urine erythrocyte were 82.84% and 86.35% re-spectively,which of the Arkray AX-4030 urine dry chemistry analyzer were 89.55% and 83.96% respectively.There was a high consistency between the SYSMEX UF1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer and the optical microscope for detecting urine e-rythrocyte and the Kappa value was 0.580.There was also a high consistency between the Arkray AX-4030 urine dry chemistry analyzer and the optical microscope for detecting urine erythrocyte and the Kappa value was 0.625,while the consistency between the SYSMEX UF1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer and the Arkray AX-4030 urine dry chemistry analyzer was weaker and the Kappa value was 0.324.Conclusion With the detection by the SYSMEX UF1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer and the Arkray AX-4030 urine dry chemistry analyzer as a screening test,it should need to combine with the optical microscopy to conduct recheck for providing the effective and reliable test results quickly and accurately.

Application evaluation of HC-900 urine analyzer for rapidly screening urine microalbumin / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of the HC-900 fully automated urine dry chemistry analyzer and its matched test strip (HC-900 analysis system) for detecting urine microalbumin (U-mAlb) .Methods 660 urine samples were collected with the negative urine protein detected by the HC-900 analysis system as the standard ,among them ,159 samples with positive U-mAlb screened by the test strip and 106 samples with the partial negative were performed the quantitative analysis by the Immage 800 fully automatic specific protein analyzer for verifying the results screened by the HC-900 analysis system .The compari-son of the U-mAlb quantitative detection results between the screening positive group and the screening negative group adopted the two samples rank sum test .The comparison between the enumeration data was carried out by Kappa test for consistency .Results Among 660 samples ,159 samples with positive U-mAlb were quantitatively detected by the Immage 800 analyzer and 101 samples were confirmed positive U-mAlb with the real positive rate of 63 .5% .Among 106 samples of negative U-mAlb randomly extracted by the HC-900 analysis system ,9 samples were confirmed to be positive U-mAlb quantitatively detected by the Immage 800 analy-zer .By the consistency test ,the difference between the two methods had statistical significance (Kappa=0 .495 ,P<0 .01) .The U-mAlb level was 18 .02(8 .23-34 .89)mg/L in the screening positive group ,which was significantly higher than 4 .78(2 .51-8 .46) mg/L in the screening negative group ,the difference had statistical significance (Z= -8 .689 ,P<0 .01) .Relative to the detection by the Immage 800 quantitative analyzer ,the sensitivity and specificity of the U-mAlb for the rapid screening by the dry chemistry method was 91 .8% (101/110) and 62 .5% (97/155) respectively .Conclusion The HC-900 analysis system for screening U-mAlb has a certain clinical application value .

Avaliação da interferência do ácido ascórbico na detecção da glicosúria / Evaluation of ascorbic acid interference in the detection of glycosuria

INTRODUÇÃO: O ácido ascórbico (vitamina C) é comumente ingerido como suplemento vitamínico. É uma vitamina hidrossolúvel, excretada pela urina e pode interferir nos ensaios laboratoriais, como nas reações de oxirredução para detecção da glicosúria. OBJETIVO: Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a interferência do ácido ascórbico na detecção de glicosúria pelo método de química seca por meio do uso de tiras reagentes. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Amostras de urina foram avaliadas no analisador da marca Clinitek Atlas (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., EUA). Foram selecionadas quatro amostras de urina com diferentes concentrações de glicose: 100 mg/dl, 250 mg/dl, 500 mg/dl e 1.000 mg/dl. Para cada concentração de glicose foram criadas cinco alíquotas, adicionando-se uma solução de ácido ascórbico 200 mg/dl, suficiente para obter uma concentração final de ácido ascórbico de 20 mg/dl no primeiro tubo, de 50 mg/dl no segundo tubo, de 270 mg/dl no terceiro tubo, de 1.000 mg/dl no quarto tubo e de 2.000 mg/dl no quinto tubo. Após essa adição, as amostras foram novamente avaliadas no analisador Clinitek Atlas. RESULTADOS: Nas amostras com concentração de 20 mg/dl de ácido, não se evidenciou interferência. Nas concentrações iguais e acima de 50 mg/dl, a interferência do ácido ascórbico se fez presente, sendo que o fato foi caracterizado pelos resultados falso negativos para detecção da glicose urinária. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados demonstraram a interferência do ácido ascórbico no método da química seca (tiras reagentes), subestimando o nível de glicose urinária.

INTRODUCTION: Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is commonly used as a vitamin supplement. It is a water soluble vitamin, which is excreted through urine and may interfere in laboratory tests as well as redox reactions for urinary glucose detection. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess ascorbic acid interference in glycosuria detection by dry chemistry method (reagent strips). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Urine samples were evaluated by using Clinitek Atlas chemistry analyzer (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., USA). Four urine samples with different glucose concentrations were selected: 100 mg/dl, 250 mg/dl, 500 mg/dl and > 1,000 mg/dl. 5 aliquots were created for each glucose concentration and a solution of ascorbic acid 200 mg/dl was added, sufficient to obtain a final ascorbic acid concentration of 20 mg/dl in the first tube, 50 mg/dl in the second tube, 270 mg/dl in the third tube, 1,000 mg/dl the fourth tube, and 2,000 mg/dl in the fifth tube. After the addition of ascorbic acid, the samples were reassessed by using Clinitek Atlas chemistry analyzer. RESULTS: There was no interference at concentrations of 20 mg/dl. However, there was ascorbic acid interference at concentrations higher than or equal to 50 mg/dl, which was characterized by false-negative results for urinary glucose detection. CONCLUSION: The results corroborated the interference of ascorbic acid in dry chemistry method (reagent strips) inasmuch as it underestimates urinary glucose levels.

Evaluation of VITROS(R) 5,1 FS Automated Chemistry Analyzer / 임상검사와정도관리

BACKGROUND: VITROS(R) 5,1 FS (Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, NY, USA) is a newly developed, fully automated analyzer that uses the dry slide type technology to process routine chemistry items, electrolytes, therapeutic drug monitoring and immunity items. We evaluated the usefulness of the VITROS(R) 5,1 FS in the aspect of precision, linearity, recovery rates and comparison. METHODS: We evaluated the analytical performance of the VITROS(R) 5,1 FS for sodium, potassium, chloride, total CO2, BUN, creatinine, glucose, amylase, total protein, albumin, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin, calcium and phosphorus. Commercialized quality control material, Performance Verifiers (Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, NY, USA), chemTRAK(R).H (Medical Analysis Systems, California, USA) and patient' sera for evaluation of precision, linearity, recovery rates and comparison were used. MODULAR Systems (Roche Diagnostics, Switzerland) and CX3 (Beckman Coulter, California, USA) were used as a comparative analyzer to evaluate comparison study. RESULTS: Within-run and within-day coefficients of variation (CVs) of all items were below 5%. Between-day and total CVs were less than 5% in almost all items except of total CO2, amylase, ALT, AST, total bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin and phosphorus. The linearities were statistically acceptable (R2>0.99) for all items (P<0.001). The recovery rates for all items were in the range of 96.20 to 111.45%. The comparison study indicated good correlation between VITROS(R) 5,1 FS and MODULAR Systems or CX3, and correlation coefficients of all items were above 0.975 except sodium (0.971) (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: VITROS(R) 5,1 FS showed satisfactory precision, linearity, recovery rates and comparison. Because it has features of one system with many capabilities, we recommend that VITROS(R) 5,1 FS would be used for the emergency laboratories in general hospitals with many examinations or in medium-sized laboratories with relatively small numbers of cases.

A study on serum enzyme activity levels and subjective fatigue scores in university ekiden runners / 体力科学

The principal objective of this paper is basic research on the development of an easy and rapid method to estimate physical fatigue levels. The focus of the research is to determine chronically fatigued conditions at an early stage for the prevention of chronic fatigue. Special attention was given to overtraining as one form of chronic fatigue in this paper. Long-distance runners representatives of a university in Tokyo nominated for Hakone-Ekiden were recruited as subjects. Examinations with informed consent were carried out on a once a month basis during 8 months and included the following; 1) physical characteristics ; body weight and body fat weight, 2) serum-biochemical test ; 6 parameters by the dry-chemistry method and the traditional method, 3) subjective fatigue levels ; the questionnaire of subjective symptom authorized by the Japan association of industrial health and the profile of mood state (POMS) . In this paper, data obtained from 19 male runners attending all 8 examinations were statistically analyzed.<BR>Serum parameters obtained by the dry-chemistry method, an easy and rapid method which provides clinical values on site, showed significant correlations with the traditional method.<BR>No correlation was observed between subjective fatigue scores and serum enzyme activity levels which were used as markers for estimation of physical fatigue levels in this study, however, monthly changes of enzyme levels and fatigue scores from July to August seemed to correlate in almost subjects. In contrast, using data obtained in the entire exprimental period, there was no relationship between the monthly changes of enzyme levels and fatigue scores. The results may indicate that some subjects exhibit gaps between physical fatigue and feelings of fatigue.<BR>The above mentioned results suggest that measurements of serum enzyme activity levels using the dry-chemistry method are a useful indicator for the prevention of overtraining.