RESUMO
Aims@#The aim of this study was to screen bacterial endophytes with antibacterial and enzyme activity from mangrove leaves of Indonesia. @*Methodology and results@#Bacterial endophytes were isolated and evaluated for antibacterial activity against five strains of pathogenic bacteria. Enzymatic Index (EI) was measured to evaluate the production of protease, amylase and cellulase. Hemolysin test was performed on Blood Agar and the sensitivity to antibiotic was performed. Bacterial endophyte Strain 1-1 isolated from Bruguiera gymnorrhiza showed strong inhibition against Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with inhibition zone of 12.6 ± 1.4, 8.8 ± 4.1, 12.5 ± 2.3 and 8.4 ± 0.9 mm respectively. Isolate 1-16 which isolated from B. gymnorrhiza exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, while Isolate 6-10 isolated from Avicennia lanata exhibited strong inhibition on Salmonella sp. (13.1 ± 3.3 mm). All of those three isolates produced protease, non-haemolysin-producing strain and sensitive to gentamicin or kanamycin but resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Those three isolates were identified based on homology of 16S rDNA sequence. Strain 1-1 and 1-16 were identified as P. aeruginosa, while strain 6-10 identified as S. marcescens. @*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#This finding was showed the potential endophytic bacteria from Indonesian mangrove plants with antibacterial and enzyme production.
RESUMO
The use of fungi as a source of enzymes has become widespread in various industrial and commercial areas, and Aspergillus section Nigri has significant potential for producing enzymes. The aim of this study was to isolate Aspergillus section Nigri from plant litter and soil from the Atlantic Forest biome and evaluate it with regards to hydrolytic enzyme production. The trials for producing the enzymes were carried out in Petri dishes, using different culture mediums adapted for microbial growth and with the respective substrates for inducing enzyme production - cellulase (carboxymethyl cellulose), protease (skimmed milk), amylase (soluble starch), pectinase (citrus pectin), and phytase (Pikovskaya medium). Forty-two fungi were isolated, 16.7% derived from the plant litter layer and 83.3% derived from soil at a depth of 0 to 5 cm and 5 to 10 cm. All of the isolated lineages presented amylase, protease, and phytase production, with 90.4% producing cellulase and no lineage producing pectinase. From the results, the significant potential for Atlantic Forest fungi as hydrolytic enzyme producers could be perceived. The enzymatic activity evaluations presented a satisfactory result when compared with the scientific literature.(AU)
A utilização dos fungos como fonte de enzimas vem adquirindo status de destaque nas mais variadas áreas industriais e comerciais, e os Aspergillus membros da seção Nigri possuem significativo potencial para produção de enzimas. Os objetivos deste estudo foram isolar e avaliar Aspergillus da seção Nigri de serrapilheira e solos do bioma Mata Atlântica quanto à produção de enzimas hidrolíticas. Os ensaios para produção das enzimas foram realizados em placas de Petri, utilizando diferentes meios de cultivo, adequados ao crescimento microbiano e com a presença dos respectivos substratos indutores à produção das enzimas - celulases (carboximetilcelulose), proteases (leite desnatado), amilases (amido solúvel), pectinases (pectina cítrica) e fitase (meio Pikovskaya). Foram isolados 42 fungos, sendo desse total 16,7% provenientes da camada de serrapilheira e 83,3% provenientes do solo na profundidade de 0 a 5 cm e 5 a 10 cm. Todas as linhagens isoladas apresentaram produção de amilases, protease e fitase, 90,4% produziram celulase, e nenhuma linhagem produziu pectinase. Com esses resultados, percebeu-se significativo potencial dos fungos da Mata Atlântica como produtores de enzimas hidrolíticas. As avaliações da atividade enzimática apresentaram resultado satisfatório quando comparados à literatura científica.(AU)