Research on the Path of Integrating the Life View of "Human Life is Most Important" in Traditional Chinese Medicine into Medical Ethics Education for Medical Students / 中国医学伦理学

The life view of "human life is the most important" in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) originates from the people-oriented theory of Chinese traditional culture, the benevolence thought of Confucianism, the rebirth thought of Taoism and the compassion thought of Buddhism. Taking the life view of "human life is the most important" as the starting point, it has formed medical ethics thoughts such as the social responsibility of saving the world, the medical practice purpose of treating all patients equally, the meticulous working attitude, the diligent and tireless learning attitude, and the exploration spirit of widely exploring the medical roots, which still has important educational significance. Therefore, the life view of "human life is the most important" should be integrated into the medical ethics education of medical students, and the medical ethics literacy of medical students should be improved through the following ways: strengthen the vocational ideal education of saving the dying and healing the wounded, and enhance the sense of social responsibility of medical students; consolidate the theme of life first classroom education and improve the professional identity of medical students; enrich and innovate the practice forms of protecting life, pay attention to the practicality of medical ethics education.

Exploring the Integration of Wuliande’s Spirit into Medical Education in the Context of "Curriculum Civics" in the New Era / 中国医学伦理学

The construction of "Curriculum Civics" in medical schools needs to go in the same direction as "Civics Curriculum" and "Liberal Studies Education" , and explore the realization path of shaping noble souls through positive ideological and political leadership and mutual collision of hearts and minds.The integration of Wuliande’s spirit into medical education is an all-round exploration from the perspectives of value connotation, contemporary meaning and path exploration, which has important contemporary significance and application value, and is also a practical requirement for inheriting and innovating Wuliande’s spirit and constructing a "Great Thought and Politics" work system under the pattern of "Great Health" in the new era. Based on the above background, this paper explored and interpreted how to fully follow the law of talent growth and the law of education to cultivate new-age medical and health talents who are red and professional, benevolent, health guardian and public health fighter from the perspective of collaborative education of medical ethics education and ideological and political education.

A oferta dos conteúdos de Odontologia Legal no ensino superior do estado do Paraná / The provision of Forensic Dentistry content in higher education in the state of Paraná

Com as crescentes ações indenizatórias e infrações cometidas no meio odontológico, para que cirurgiões dentistas exerçam sua profissão de forma segura, a odontologia legal deve ser abordada nas Faculdades de odontologia. O presente estudo analisou os currículos dos cursos de Odontologia das faculdades do estado do Paraná, avaliando se estão adequadas às diretrizes do ensino da Odontologia Legal, propostas pela ABOL e ABENO. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva de análise documental dos dados coletados de IES do Paraná cadastradas no e-MEC. O levantamento das informações ocorreu no período entre junho e agosto de 2021. Foi feita a análise dos currículos em comparação com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e com as diretrizes da ABENO e ABOL. Todas as 30 IES que disponibilizam as informações completas para estudo possuem em seu currículo ao menos uma disciplina relacionada ao conteúdo de Odontologia Legal, com carga horária média para Odontologia Legal de 60,1h. Destas, 26 (86,7%) IES ofertam apenas uma disciplina de Odontologia Legal. O Oeste paranaense (69h) e a região metropolitana de Curitiba (68,9h) obtiveram as maiores médias de horas para a disciplina e o Sudoeste paranaense a menor (39,5h). As IES do Estado do Paraná oferecem conteúdo de Odontologia Legal com carga horária abaixo da recomendada pelas diretrizes ABOL/ABENO. A grande maioria das IES oferece apenas uma disciplina que aborda conteúdos de Odontologia Legal.

With the growing claims for damages and infractions committed in the dental field, legal dentistry must be addressed in Dental Schools for dentists to exercise their profession safely. The present study analyzed the curricula of Dentistry courses at colleges in the state of Paraná, assessing whether they are adequate to the teaching guidelines of Forensic Dentistry, proposed by ABOL and ABENO. Descriptive document analysis research was carried out, and data collected from HEIs in Paraná was registered in the e-MEC. The survey of information took place between June and August 2021. The curricula were analyzed in comparison with the National Curriculum Guidelines and with the ABENO and ABOL guidelines. All 30 HEIs that provide complete information for study have in their curriculum at least one discipline related to the content of Forensic Dentistry, with an average workload for Forensic Dentistry of 60.1 hours. Of these, 26 (86.7%) HEIs offer only one course in Forensic Dentistry. West Paraná (69h) and the metropolitan region of Curitiba (68.9h) obtained the highest average hours for the discipline and Southwest Paraná had the lowest (39.5h). HEIs in the State of Paraná offer Forensic Dentistry content with a workload below what the ABOL/ABENO guidelines recommended. The vast majority of HEIs offer only one discipline that addresses Forensic Dentistry content.

The Covid-19 effect on medical students’ perceptions of their profession: A mixed methods study from South India

Covid-19 has devastated human lives and stretched the limits of the medical profession and health systems. Using the mixed methods of online survey and online focus group discussions, we assessed how medical students and interns of two medical colleges in South India viewed the profession they had chosen. Of the 900 participants, 571(63.4%) had a positive perception of the medical profession, 77(8.6%) a negative perception and 252(28%) were undecided. The year of study in medical school was significantly associated with their perception of the medical profession, with interns more likely to have a negative perception (p<0.001). An overwhelming 823(91.4%) participants remained confident of their career choice, but a higher proportion of interns were less confident or regretful about their choice of profession compared to first to fourth year students (p<0.001). Most participants experienced moral distress; they acknowledged a duty to care but were troubled by personal risk, inadequate protection, and limited resources. Gaps were identified in medical and ethics training particularly regarding uncertainties and coping with deficiencies of the health system as encountered in the pandemic. The essential role played by doctors with its required competence, care and ethics cannot be assumed or expected without investment in the making of the future doctor through more socially embedded medical education imparting the skills of understanding the public, responding to them and being the advocate for their equitable and optimal care. An ethics of responsiveness emerges as important for healthcare, also for medical education in preparation for future health crises.

Enhancing medical ethics education for medical students in clinical research: considerations and strategy analysis / Mejorando la educación ética médica para los estudiantes de medicina en la investigación clínica: consideraciones y análisis de estrategias / Melhorando a educação de ética médica para estudantes de medicina em pesquisa clínica: pensamentos e análise de estratégia

In recent years, the vigorous development of clinical researches carried out by medical schools is inseparable from the effective participation of medical students. However, as the number and categories of clinical research projects that medical students participate in increase, medical ethics related issues gradually occur. This article sorts out the ethical issues that arose in clinical researches, in which medical students participated, analyzes the underlying causes, and proposes solutions for the above-mentioned ethical issues, aiming to provide reference for medical ethics education and research project management for medical schools.

La participación efectiva de los estudiantes de medicina ha contribuido en gran medida al desarrollo exitoso de la investigación clínica en las escuelas de medicina de China en los últimos años. Sin embargo, con el creciente número y tipos de proyectos de investigación clínica en los que participan estudiantes de medicina, las cuestiones éticas se exponen gradualmente. Este trabajo enumera las cuestiones éticas que han surgido en la participación de los estudiantes de medicina en la investigación clínica en los últimos años, analiza las causas subyacentes y propone soluciones a las cuestiones éticas mencionadas anteriormente, con el objetivo de proporcionar referencia para la enseñanza de la ética médica y la gestión de proyectos de investigación para las escuelas de medicina.

A participação efetiva dos estudantes de medicina tem contribuído muito para o próspero desenvolvimento da pesquisa clínica nas escolas médicas da China nos últimos anos. No entanto, com o aumento do número e tipos de projetos de pesquisa clínica dos quais os estudantes de medicina participam, questões relacionadas à ética e à alfabetização são gradualmente expostas. Este artigo lista as questões éticas que surgiram na participação de estudantes de medicina em pesquisas clínicas nos últimos anos, analisa as causas subjacentes e propõe soluções para as questões éticas acima mencionadas, com o objetivo de fornecer referência para o ensino de ética médica e gestão de projetos de pesquisa para escolas médicas.

Ética e integridad académica en la formación doctoral: el caso de los doctorados en educación en las universidades chilenas / Ethics and academic integrity in doctoral training: the case of doctorates in education in Chilean universities / Ética e integridade acadêmica na formação pós-graduada: o caso dos doutorados em educação nas universidades chilenas

El presente artículo analiza, a partir de una revisión documental de planes y programas de curso de los doctorados en Educación activos en Chile, en qué medida y cómo los programas de formación de futuros investigadores en educación doctoral abordan el desafío de integrar la educación ética en su diseño curricular. Mediante un análisis temático de la documentación oficial de los programas se identificaron y analizaron diversos elementos relacionados con ética de la investigación e integridad académica abordados en la formación doctoral, su enfoque prevalente (normativo o de discernimiento ético), su orientación (propositiva o de prevención) y la profundidad con que son tratados esos aspectos. Los resultados muestran que solo un tercio de los actuales programas abordan de manera explícita la formación ética en investigación, y que, en estos casos, su abordaje tiende a subrayar aspectos más formales que de fondo, acotados fundamentalmente al cumplimiento del protocolo de consentimiento informado.

This article analyzes to what extent and how training programs for future researchers in doctoral education address the challenge of integrating ethical training in their curricular design. Based on a documentary review of course plans and postgraduate programs in education active in Chile, the explicit presence of ethical aspects and academic integrity in their training plans was examined. Through a thematic analysis of the official documentation of the programs, we identified and analyzed various elements related to research ethics and academic integrity addressed in doctoral training, their prevalent approach normative or ethical discernment, their orientation proactive or preventive and the depth with which these aspects are treated. The results show that only one-third of the current programs explicitly address ethical training in research and that in these cases, their approach tends to emphasize more formal than substantive aspects, mainly limited to compliance with the informed consent protocol.

O presente artigo analisa, a partir de uma revisão documental de planos e programas de curso dos doutorados em Educação ativos no Chile, em que medida e como os programas de formação de futuros investigadores em educação pós-graduada abordam o desafio de integrar a educação ética em seu plano curricular. Mediante uma análise temática da documentação oficial dos programas se identificaram e analisaram diversos elementos relacionados com ética da investigação e integridade acadêmica abordados na formação pós-graduada, seu enfoque prevalente (normativo ou de discernimento ético), sua orientação (propositiva ou de prevenção) e a profundidade com que são tratados esses aspectos. Os resultados mostram que só um terço dos atuais programas abordam de maneira explícita a formação ética em investigação, e que, nestes casos, sua abordagem tende a ressaltar aspectos mais formais que substanciais, limitados fundamentalmente ao cumprimento do protocolo de consentimento informado.

Exploring the path of professional ethics education for pediatric medical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

According to the current situation of professional ethics education for pediatric medical students and the needs of social industries, we focus on the construction of a systematic comprehensive curriculum knowledge system and training plan based on child development, formulate specific goals and training systems for pediatric medical students that are in line with the development of modern medicine, clarify the content and education path of pediatric professional ethics education, strengthen the requirements for students' knowledge, ability and quality, improve the process management and policy implementation of talent training, and improve the pertinence and effectiveness of professional ethics education for pediatric medical students, thereby making pediatric medical students to be used to the development trend and environment of the industry.

Research on the Correlation between Hospital Ethical Atmosphere and Work Engagement of Emergency Department Nurses / 中国医学伦理学

【Objective:】 To explore the correlation between hospital ethics atmosphere and work engagement of nurses in emergency department, and provide a basis for reasonably solving ethical issues and improving nurses’ work engagement. 【Methods:】 From May 2019 to May 2021, the convenient sampling method was used to select 350 nurses from emergency departments of four tertiary or above hospitals in Xi’an as the research subjects. The Ethical Climate Cognitive Scale and the Work Engagement Scale were used to evaluate the hospital ethical atmosphere and work engagement of nurse, and analyze their correlation. The univariate factor analysis and multiple factor analysis were used to explore the influencing factors. 【Results:】 The work engagement score of emergency department nurses was (51.69±11.09) points, and the ethical atmosphere score was (72.78±11.45) points. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the work engagement scores among emergency department nurses with different educational backgrounds, hospital grades, hospital employment methods, and whether they had received ethics training (P<0.05). The results of multiple factor analysis indicated that the cognition of hospital ethical atmosphere, hospital employment methods, and whether they had received ethics education and training were all factors that affected work engagement (P<0.05). 【Conclusion:】 The hospital ethical atmosphere is positively correlated with the work engagement of emergency department nurse. The ethical atmosphere and work engagement of nurses are both at a moderate level, with significant room for improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to strengthen the management support of emergency nursing work and improve the perceived level of recognition and respect among emergency department nurses in the organization.

Analysis on the Rationale and Path for Integrating the Great Anti-epidemic Spirit into Medical Students’ Professional Ethics Education / 中国医学伦理学

The great anti-epidemic spirit formed in the practice of fighting against the COVID-19 epidemic is a vivid embodiment of the national spirit and zeitgeist, an important part of the spiritual spectrum of the Communist Party of China, and an important content of professional ethics education for medical students in the new era. In the context of the new era, it is of great significance to integrate the great anti-epidemic spirit into the professional ethics education of medical students and explore its theoretical basis and existing problems. Based on the empirical investigation, this paper proposed the practical path of integrating the great anti-epidemic spirit into medical students’ professional ethics education from three dimensions:subject’s cognitive consciousness, school education practice, and hospital clinical training, to effectively exert the nurturing function of the great anti-epidemic spirit and improve the timeliness of professional ethics education for medical students.

Research on the Value Implications of Ethics Education of Science and Technology in Medical Colleges and Universities / 中国医学伦理学

In the new era, with the accelerated evolution of the information technology revolution and industrial transformation, scientific and technological innovation not only brings dividends and benefits to the world, but also brings serious challenges to human beings. To effectively cope with ethical challenges and avoid ethical risks effectively, systematically carrying out ethics education of science and technology in accordance with the times and circumstances to cultivate medical students’ upward and forward-looking ethics of science and technology for medical colleges and universities is necessary, feasible, scientific, and sustainable. Ethics education of science and technology in medical colleges and universities should take the guidance of respecting and seeking truth, adhere to the development concept of righteousness and innovation, take the red line and bottom line as the core action points, and regard the equal importance of the country and the people as the values adherence.

Discussion on the Practicality of Strengthening Clinical Medical Ethics Education / 中国医学伦理学

To realize the education and training program of excellent doctors in China and meet the ethical requirements of clinical practice, it is crucial to carry out clinical medical ethics education for medical staff. Clinical medical ethics education is an important component of medical education and a necessary and important way for doctors to practice medical professional ethics. Starting from the concept of clinical medical ethics, this paper discussed the meaning, objectives, and content of clinical medical ethics education, and then distinguished its substantive differences from existing medical ethics education, which were manifested in clinical practice ability, situational embodiment, and action standardization. Furthermore, by summarizing and analyzing the current situation of clinical medical ethics education, it was found that it has shown its shortcomings in insufficient practicality. Finally, based on sorting out the previous countermeasures, this paper proposed strategies to strengthen the practicality of clinical medical ethics education, including adopting the integration approach of "time-space-teacher" and establishing a three-level responsibility system of "government-institution-teacher".

Prospects and Suggestions for the Application of ChatGPT in Medical Ethics Education / 中国医学伦理学

ChatGPT represents the approaching singularity, which brings opportunity to medical ethics education, but is also constrained by issues such as unfairness, discrimination, and loss of autonomy caused by technological logic. This paper explored the intermediary relationship model of generative AI in medical ethics education, and analyzed the potential positive and negative values of this technology as a human creation, as well as the challenges that ChatGPT brings to medical ethics education. Based on this, suggestions are put for ward from the following four aspects. First, The role division and construction of different responsible subjects was explored based on the change in teacher-student relationship. Second, we shonld cultivate students’ ability to think and question. Third, the forward-looking responsibility was discussed based on the future development of intelligent education. Fourthly, from the perspective of technical logic, it presupposes the coexistence of human-machine dual subjects.

Exploration on the Medical Ethics Education Path of "Combining Moral and Technical Education" of Vocational Medical Students under the Concept of "Three-wide Education" / 中国医学伦理学

The educational purpose of "three-wide education" is in line with the overall goal of talent cultivation in colleges and universities, and fits the development laws of ideological and political work in colleges and universities in the new era. It is an important measure to leverage the joint efforts of education and improve the quality of education. Under the concept of "three-wide education", medical ethics education in higher vocational medical colleges lacks systematization and big data support, medical students’ "knowing morality" and "conducting morality" are not unified, the content of medical ethics teaching is outdated, and teaching methods are single, which is inconsistent with students’ innovative cognitive thinking and derailed from clinical and social real needs, making it difficult to arouse students’ interest in learning. Against the backdrop of continuously improving professional literacy requirements for medical students, this paper explored the medical ethics education path of "combining moral and technical education" for vocational medical students under the concept of "three-wide education", and formed training paths such as "three integration of medical ethics, three progressions of knowledge and action", the coordinated education of ideological and political courses and ideological and political education in the course, the "trinity" of school, family, and society, the innovative multi-dimensional medical ethics education teaching methods, the construction of a medical ethics practice platform, and the establishment of medical ethics cultural education data management platforms, with a view to providing reference ideas for the cultivation of medical ethics among vocational medical students.

Research on the Path of Strengthening Medical Ethics Education of Medical Students in the New Era / 中国医学伦理学

Strengthening medical ethics education for medical students is the need for the healthy development of human medical health, the cultivation of medical students’ professional ethics and the integration of medical ethics spirit and medical ethics practice. Through in-depth discussion of the new mode of the integration of medical ethics education and medical ethics practice, stimulating the new impetus of the integration of medical students’ self-cultivation into practice, and the new ways to cultivate the growth of medical students in the new era, this paper put forward specific measures to create an education suitable for each student’s development by selecting the medical ethics education team, learning ethics and humanistic education, taking medical students as the center, and creating a suitable learning environment for students, with a view to cultivating medical students to grow into guardians who can cope with the challenges of public health emergencies.

Research on the Cultivation of Dedication for Medical Students in Major Public Health Emergencies / 中国医学伦理学

In major public health incident emergencies, the cultivation of medicine students’ dedication is the need of the times to ensure the predecessors of health cause successors, the value highlights of people-centred, and the main demand to help the growth and development of medical students. The cultivation of medical students’ dedication in major public health emergencies is confronted with the impact of diverse social ideologies, the deconstruction of the network and the fragmentation of the cultivation, etc. On the choice of specific countermeasures, it is necessary to strengthen the education of ideals and beliefs to enhance the initiative of the times, make good use of the practical carrier to improve the effectiveness, firmly establish the classroom position to reinforce the pertinence, incorporate the main force of family and society to enhance cooperation, and practice the community of mankind common health to highlight universality.

Reeducation of medical research ethics based on medical staff's cognition and practice of medical research ethics / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To investigate and analyze the cognition of medical staff on medical research ethics in a grade A tertiary hospital, combined with the current situation of practice, to provide a basis and ideas for exploring new educational models of medical research ethics.Methods:Medical staff in a grade A tertiary hospital were investigated through an anonymous questionnaire to collect and analyze their cognition of medical research ethics and the current situation of practice.Results:There were statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) in the cognition of medical research ethics among different educational backgrounds, majors, and professional titles. The survey results showed that doctors, medical staff with graduate degrees or above, and senior title personnel had better cognition of medical research ethics than nurses, medical staff with bachelor degrees or below, and intermediate or junior title personnel. Conclusions:The medical staff's cognition and practice of medical research ethics are still insufficient. Hospitals should pay attention to the education of medical research ethics and enrich the content and form of training to improve the ethical literacy of medical personnel.

The Current Situation and Countermeasures of Ethics Education for Clinical Medical Postgraduates / 中国医学伦理学

In recent years, clinical research has developed rapidly in China and gradually converged with international standards. The importance of ethics education in clinical research for clinical medical postgraduates has become increasingly prominent. From the purpose of promoting the ethics education of clinical medical postgraduates, this paper expounded the significance of carrying out the ethics education of clinical research for clinical medical postgraduates, analyzed the current situation and problems of the ethics education of clinical research for domestic postgraduates, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for strengthening the ethics education of clinical medical postgraduates. Specifically, this included increasing the degree of attention and rationally allocating teaching resources; paying attention to the transformation of theory into practice, and increasing the relevant curriculum; defining the training objectives, and conducting the staged cross-cultivation; adopting various teaching methods, and improving the training effect; utilizing clinical research practice to develop the ethics ability of clinical research.

Research on the Integration of Red Doctor’s Spirit into Medical Ethics Education through Information Technology / 中国医学伦理学

Red doctor’s spirit, an ideological system formed in the revolutionary war era, includes four dimensions of ideal and faith, professional technology, professional value and work style. It is a valuable resource for medical students to carry out medical ethics and medical style education. In the new era, the use of information technology to integrate red doctor’s spirit into medical ethics education not only provides an important guarantee for medical students to "classes suspended but learning continues" under the normalization of the epidemic situation, but also effectively responds to the cognitive needs and expectations of medical students in the context of education informationization, and has cultivated a continuous stream of high-quality medical talents for the implementation. The red doctor’s spirit should be integrated into medical ethics education through technology to ensure proper selection and actively implement the principle of intelligent teaching; adhere to the principle of "content is the most important" and enhance the presentation and ideological guidance of red doctor’s spirit; focus on the innovation of methods to realize the activation presentation and visual expression of red doctor’s spirit.

Value of narrative medicine in professional ethics education for medical students in China / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This article first analyzes the problems existing in the current professional ethics education of medical students, and then through combing the current status of narrative medicine research at home and abroad, we discuss the importance of narrative medicine in promoting professional ethics education of medical students in China from three aspects: improving doctor-patient communication ability, inspiring medical students' sense of social responsibility, and enriching the current vocational education models for medical students. It also proposes to integrate narrative medicine into medical students' professional ethics education from the three stages of basic course learning stage, social practice stage and clinical practice stage, in order to improve the current status of medical students' professional ethics education and improve the cultivation of medical students' professional spirit.

A Checklist for Healthcare Students and Professionals on How to Use Social Media / 医学教育

Background: With the expanding use of social media, medical students have been posting an increasing amount of content that against ethics and professionalism.　Objective: To develop a checklist for social media use within medical education based on our national survey.　Methods: We analyzed and classified unprofessional behaviors that occurred over the past ten years in Japan. Then, we developed an event-based checklist for the use of social media use.　Result: The behaviors violating ethics and professionalism were classified into 3 categories. We have developed a social media checklist consisting of 10 items.　Discussion: Since social networking services are becoming vital information technology, every medical student or professional may risk unprofessional behaviors when they post or exchange any professional information. We propose appropriate education using an event-based checklist for social media usage.