Dermoscope-guided Laser Excision of a Pilomatricoma – a Novel Surgical Procedure Performed in Primary Care Settings

Hypothesis:Dermoscope-guided laser excision is applicable for some cutaneous lesions seen in primary care, particularly those in body flexures or in regions with high blood perfusion.Summary:A male patient presented with an asymptomatic mass behind his left pinna. Polarised dermoscopy revealed signs compatible with malignancy. Excision was difficult owing to the location being concave and the region being one with hyper-perfusion.Dermoscope-guided laser excision was performed. The edge of the lesion and clear margins were marked via dermoscope-guidance. Laser incisions were made following the margins. Dermoscopy confirmed precision of the incision. Upon three laser-dermoscope cycles, the mass separated itself. Laser in coagulation mode achieved haemostasis.Dermoscope-guided laser excision was performed. The edge of the lesion and clear margins were marked via dermoscope-guidance. Laser incisions were made following such margins. Dermoscopy confirmed precision of the incision. Lesion incisions and dermoscopy were then reapplied. Upon three laser-dermoscope cycles, the mass separated itself. Laser in coagulation mode achieved haemostasis.Outcome:The histopathological diagnosis was a pilomatricoma. Healing was uneventful, with minimal scarring. There was no relapse one year post-operatively.Recommendation:Investigations on dermoscope-guided laser incision and other dermoscope-guided surgical procedures in primary care settings can beconducted to evaluate the outcomes of these procedures.

Clinical analysis of 38 cases with histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis in children / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To study the clinical and pathological features of histiocytic necmtizing lym-phadenitis( HNL) in children. Methods The clinical data and histological findings of 38 cases of HNL admitted in our hospital from June 2000 to May 2015 were reviewed. Results Most of the patients were school-age children with male-femal ratio of 1. 4: 1. The main clinical features were lymphadenopathy (100%),fever(68. 24%),leucocytopenia(52. 63%),rising of lymphocytes percentage(84. 21%). All of the lymph node excisional biopsy met the criterion of HNL. Some cases spontaneously relieved and some cases were treated with NSAID,glucocorticoid or immunoglobulin and benefited significantly. There was no recurrence. Conclusion The clinical situation is not specific. The diagnosis is established by lymph node ex-cisional biopsy. HNL is benign and self-limited disease. The effect of management using glucocorticoid, NSAID and immunoglobulin is remarkable. Long term follow-up is necessary.

Clinical analysis of 38 cases with histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis in children / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To study the clinical and pathological features of histiocytic necmtizing lym-phadenitis( HNL) in children. Methods The clinical data and histological findings of 38 cases of HNL admitted in our hospital from June 2000 to May 2015 were reviewed. Results Most of the patients were school-age children with male-femal ratio of 1. 4: 1. The main clinical features were lymphadenopathy (100%),fever(68. 24%),leucocytopenia(52. 63%),rising of lymphocytes percentage(84. 21%). All of the lymph node excisional biopsy met the criterion of HNL. Some cases spontaneously relieved and some cases were treated with NSAID,glucocorticoid or immunoglobulin and benefited significantly. There was no recurrence. Conclusion The clinical situation is not specific. The diagnosis is established by lymph node ex-cisional biopsy. HNL is benign and self-limited disease. The effect of management using glucocorticoid, NSAID and immunoglobulin is remarkable. Long term follow-up is necessary.

Tratamento estético da lesão periférica de células gigantes / Aesthetic treatment of peripheral giant cell lesion

A lesão periférica de células gigantes (LPCG) é uma lesão hiperplásica inflamatória não neoplásica, envolvendo a gengiva ou mucosa alveolar. Mais de 60% dos casos ocorrem em pacientes com menos de 30 anos de idade, é mais frequente em mulheres do que em homens. A relação entre mandíbula e maxila tem sido verificada em uma proporção de 2:1, e a porção anterior da mandíbula, é o local mais comum para o seu desenvolvimento. Paciente do sexo feminino, cor branca, 35 anos de idade, foi indicada para a clínica de especialização em periodontia da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Veiga de Almeida, em setembro de 2011, para tratamento de uma lesão inflamatória hiperplásica gengival localizada na região superior anterior vestibular entre os dentes 12 e 13. A cicatrização após o tratamento cirúrgico aconteceu normalmente alcançando um resultado extremamente saudável e estético. O exame histopatológico confirmou o diagnóstico como LPCG. O presente caso mostra a confecção de um retalho dividido deslocando o complexo mucogengival coronariamente, recobrindo assim o defeito gengival deixado após a remoção da lesão, com excelentes resultados após 3 meses

The peripheral giant cell lesion (PGCL) is an inflammatory non-neoplastic hyperplastic lesion involving the gingiva or alveolar mucosa. More than 60% of cases occur in patients under 30 years of age, is more common in women than in men. The relationship between the mandible and maxilla have been verified by a ratio of 2:1, and the anterior portion of the mandible is the most common site for development. Patient female, white, age 35, was nominated for a clinic specializing in periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University Veiga de Almeida, in September 2011, for treatment of an injury inflammatory gingival hyperplasia located in the upper anterior buccal between teeth 12 and 13. Healing after treatment was usually reaching an extremely healthy and aesthetic. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis as PGCL. The present case shows a flap divided displacing the complex mucogingival coronally, thereby covering the defect after removal left gingival lesion, with excellent results after 3 months

Diagnostic Value of Cytology of Pericardial Effusion for Cardiac Malignant Lymphoma / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

<b>Introduction</b> : Although there are various diagnostic tools like computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography, it is sometimes difficult to precisely diagnose cardiac tumors. Early pathological diagnosis is crucial for possible chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy in cardiac malignant lymphoma. <b>Objectives</b> : To assess the diagnostic value of pericardial excisional biopsy and cytology of pericardial effusion for the pathological diagnosis of cardiac lymphoma. <b>Methods</b> : Five patients had a clinical diagnosis of cardiac tumor with no pathological diagnosis. The pericardial biopsy and pericardial effusion were obtained without sternotomy through the subxyphoid by a small incision under local anesthesia. <b>Results</b> : All procedures were completed without complications. In 3 cases, the cytology of pericardial effusion yielded a diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. One patient who had a negative cytology result in whom surgical resection was performed for definitive diagnosis and tumor volume reduction was found to have malignant lymphoma. The remaining patient underwent tumor biopsy via a cardiac catheter and benign lymphoma was diagnosed. There were no specific findings in the pericardial excisional biopsy in 3 cases. <b>Conclusion</b> : The analysis of cytology of pericardial effusion obtained through the subxyphoid may be useful for the diagnosis of cardiac malignant lymphoma. Pericardial excisional biopsy may not be necessary for the diagnosis of cardiac malignant lymphoma.

Largo Fibroma Cemento-Ossificante em Mandíbula: Relato de Caso / Large Cement-ossifying Fibroma of Mandible: a Case Report

O Fibroma Cemento-Ossificante (FCO), apesar de lembrar em menor proporção uma displasia cementoóssea, é considerado um neoplasma verdadeiro, com potencial de crescimento, apresentando recidivas raramente encontradas. A lesão é relativamente rara, haja vista que muitos casos no passado hoje são reconhecidos como displasia cemento-óssea focal. Há uma maior prevalência de ocorrência na 3ª e na 4ª década de vida, com considerável predileção pelo gênero feminino, maior acometimento na mandíbula e unilocular. O intuito deste trabalho é relatar um caso de FCO em um paciente, 19 anos de idade, no qual, após radiografia de controle, foi constatada uma lesão com graus variados de radiopacidade. Ao exame clínico, apresentava discreta assimetria em região de corpo mandibular esquerdo. A avaliação tomográfica foi avaliada, e, posteriormente a biópsia excisional foi realizada. Observou-se, após 2 anos de pós-operatório, adequado reparo ósseo e cicatrização do tecido gengival com ausência de recidivas.

Cement-ossifying fibroma (COF), despite its similarity, on a smaller scale, to a cement-osseous dysplasia, is considered a true neoplasm with growth potential, relapses being of rare occurrence. The lesion is relatively rare, since many presumed cases in the past, are now recognized as focal cement-osseous dysplasia. Its highest prevalence is in the third and fourth decades of life, and it has a marked predilection for females, affecting, in particular, a single locus of the mandible. The purpose of this paper is to report a case of COF in a 19-year-old male patient, in whom the control radiograph revealed a lesion with varying degrees of radiopacity. The clinical examination showed a slight asymmetry in the region of the left mandibular body. Tomography was evaluated and an excisional biopsy subsequently performed. After two years of follow-up satisfactory bone repair and healing of the gum tissue were observed, with an absence of relapses.

Retrospective analysis of basal cell carcinoma.

Background: Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are the most prevalent cancer type among white-skinned populations worldwide. Aims: To analyze the gender and age-related incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) histopathologic subtypes, to classify BCCs according to their anatomical location, invasion depth, and size, and to determine the relationship between BCC subtypes and margin of surgical excision. Methods: All BCCs analysed in our center between 2005 and 2010 were studied retrospectively. The samples, which were totally excised, were included on the basis of histopathological diagnosis of BCC, and confirmed by two pathologists. Patient data included sex, age at diagnosis, tumor location, histological subtypes, invasion depth, and size. Results: We recorded 197 BCCs obtained from 181 white patients (80 females, 101 males). The mean age among males was 64.11, and 59.33 among females. Of the cases, 45.17% were nodular, 22.33% were mixed, and 15.22 were infiltrative type. 91.84% of the cases were located on the head and neck, 3.04% were on the limbs, and 1.52 % were on the trunk. In 32 cases, the margin of surgical excision was positive (17.7%): nodular 12%, infiltrative 43.3%, mixed 20.6%, micronodular 10%, and superfacial multicentric 5.5%. Of these total 32 cases, 34.4% were located on the eyes region, 28.1% were found on the nose, and 15.6% were on the ears. Invasion depth of tumors varied from 0.5 to 22.125 mm. Conclusions: The results of our study exhibit differences in anatomical distribution, sex and mean age, invasion depth, and size of BCC subtypes. The recurrence rate for incompletely excised tumors varies according to the location and type of the tumor. Infiltrative tumors are more likely to recur and have positive margin of surgical excision. The highest positive margin of surgical excision is in infiltrative BCC. Tumors at difficult-to-treat sites and large and/or deeply invasive tumors are more liable to recur.

Manejo quirurgico de granuloma piogénico atípico: presentación de caso / Surgical management of atypical pyogenic granuloma: a case report

El Granuloma Piogénico (G. P.) es una reacción hiperplásica del tejido de granulación originada en mucosa bucal a consecuencia de agentes inflamatorios diversos que evoluciona hacia la ulceración, esta lesión puede ser iniciada por microtraumatismos repetitivos. Se trata de paciente femenina de 20 años de edad, de raza negra, la cual acudió a consulta al Post-grado de Cirugía Bucal de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Central de Venezuela por presentar lesión recidivante en la zona postero- superior derecha del maxilar. Al examen intrabucal se observó lesión tumoral, localizada en reborde postero-superior derecho entre el 15 y el 18, de aproximadamente 3cm de diámetro, móvil, base sésil, color rosado oscuro, algunas zonas eritematosas y ulceradas, se encontraba cubierta por una membrana blanquecina en zonas traumatizadas por el molar antagonista, presenta placa e irritantes locales. 15 y 16 desplazados y vestibularizados con movilidad grado II a III, ausencia de 17 y 18. En la evaluación imagenológica se observó pérdida ósea y no se observó cortical definida del seno maxilar del lado derecho. En el acto quirúrgico se decidió realizar biopsia excisional de la lesión, exodoncia de 14, 15, 16 y 18 y por la comunicación bucosinusal se realizó rotación del colgajo palatino hacia el defecto óseo-mucoso. La planificación del caso se realizó tomando en cuenta cada una de las variables del caso como fue la eliminación de proceso patológico y adicionalmente a esto solucionar los defectos quirúrgicos que queden en el paciente. Permitiendo de esta manera lograr una mejor rehabilitación del paciente

The Pyogenic Granulome (P.G.) is a hyperplasic reaction of the granulation tissue originated on the buccal mucous as a consequence of diverse inflammatory agents that develops in the ulceration. Such lesion can be generated by repeated micro traumatisms. It is about a 20 years-old, female, African-American patient who came to the consulting room at the post-graduate school of buccal surgery because of a relapsing lesion on the back-right side of the upper maxillary. A tumor lesion was observed during the intrabuccal examination. It was located on the upper-right border between the 15 and the 18, of 3 mm. In diameter approximately, mobile, of sessile base, dark pink, with some erythomatosic and ulcerated regions. It was covered with a whitish membrane which was traumatized by the antagonistic molar. It presented plaque and local irritants. 15 and 16 were vestibularized with mobility grade I and II, and absence of 17 and 18. Osseous loss was observed in the imageneologic evaluation and no defined cortical of the maxillary sinus on the right hand side was observed. It was decided to perform an excisional biopsy; an endodoncy of 14, 15 16 and 18; and a rotation of the palatial flesh tissue in the direction of the osseous mucous defect. The case planning was performed taking into consideration each one of the variables as it was the elimination of the pathological process and, in addition to this, the solution of the surgical defects left on the patient thus allowing for better rehabilitation of the patient

Analysis of disease mechanism of subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis in children / 소아과

PURPOSE: The cause of subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis, a rare disease in children, has not been completely clarified. This study was aimed to investigate the disease mechanism by examining clinical, radiologic, and immunohistochemical findings in children diagnosed with subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis after an excisional biopsy. METHODS: We examined 19 lymph node tissue specimens from 17 children diagnosed with subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis at Gyeongsang National University Hospital from March, 1998 to July, 2006. A retrospective survey of the medical records was performed. CT findings were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was done on tissues obtained by excisional biopsy from all patients. RESULTS: The patient's age ranged from 5 to 19 years (average age :11.8 years). The main symptoms included a neck mass (17/19), pain in the mass (6/17), and fever (12/19). The palpable lymph nodes were mostly cervical in location; the maximum diameter, which was measured radiologically, was less than 3 cm in all 10 cases. The masses were pathologically divided into proliferative, necrotic, and xanthomatous types. With immunohistochemical staining the masses were divided into lesion (L), perilesion (PL), and necrosis (N). The CD8 staining was stronger than the CD4 staining for all regions in three types. The CD4 staining intensity was mainly increased in the perilesion, and CD8 was mainly increased in the lesion. CONCLUSION: We compared the radiologic findings, clinical symptoms, and pathology to help understand the cause of disease in patients with subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis.

Clinical Evaluation of Tissue Biopsy for Children with Neck Mass; A Single Center Study / 소아과

PURPOSE: Neck masses, in pediatric population, derive from a multitude of congenital, inflammatory, or neoplastic diseases. The majority of these masses represent benign conditions. However, thorough clinical evaluation is required to rule out malignant diseases. We evaluated the causes, clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with neck masses who underwent tissue biopsy. METHODS: A total of 28 medical records of children with neck mass who underwent tissue biopsy at Chungnam National University Hospital, from January 2000 to March 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. The methods of biopsy were ultrasonography guided core biopsy (CB), fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and excisional biopsy. RESULTS: Out of 28 patients, half were boys. The most common location of the mass was the posterior cervical area (N=19, 67.9%). Laboratory findings of peripheral blood and serologic studies were nonspecific. In 25 (89.3%) cases, CB or FNAB was initially performed for neck masses. Among them 10 cases (40%) were reactive hyperplasia, 8 (32%) inflammatory granulation tissues, 4 (16%) necrotizing lymphadenitis, and 3 (12%) acute suppurative inflammations. Initially, excisional biopsy was performed for diagnosis in 3 (10.7%) cases. Diagnosis of these cases was thyroglossal duct cyst, dermoid cyst and lymphoblastic lymphoma, respectively. CONCLUSION: Most neck masses in children were benign. CB and FNAB were safe methods for tissue sampling, without need for general anesthesia.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Decreases the Identification Rate of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / 한국유방암학회지

PURPOSE: We investigated the feasibility and clinical applicability of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor size > 2 cm, and privious excisional biopsy. METHODS: 175 patients with 176 breast cancer underwent aLNB between October 2001 and October 2002. Among them twenty-five patients with locally advanced breast cancer underwent SLNB after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eighty-nine (50.6%) had primary tumor > 2 cm. The recent biopsy method used before SLNB was excision in thirty-one (17.6%) procedures. The identification rate, false-negative rate, negative prediction value and accuracy of SLNB were determined. RESULTS: SLNB was successful in 164 of 176 cases (detection rate, 93.2%). The identification rate of patients who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 68% and lower than that of who had not (97.3%), significantly (P=0.00). However, mapping success was not influenced by large tumor size (> 2 cm) or previous excisional biopsy. The false-negative rate and accuracy were 16.5% and 91.5, respectively. The false negative rate was 21.3% (3/14) in those patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared with a 15.5% in those patents not received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P> 0.05). In addition, Tumor size > 2 cm and previous excision did not adversely impact the false negative rate and accuracy. CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a lower identification rate for SLNB. But if detected, SLNB after neoadjuvant chemotherapy might reliably predict axillary status. SLNB is feasible and accurate in patients with large tumor (> 2 cm) and previous excision.

Diagnosis of Cervical Tuberculous Lymphadenitis / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although the incidence of tuberculosis has decreased recently, cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis is one of the most common causes of neck mass in Korea. Its confirmative diagnosis is not common, especially when the presence of acid-bacilli is not proven. So, the treatment of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis is generally carried out by clinical diagnosis, not by confirmative diagnosis. In this study, we designed to verify theusefulness of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), AFB stain, Mycobacterium tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and excisional biopsy prospectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We underwent FNAC, AFB stain and PCR as a first stage work-up through fine needle aspiration in forty-eight patients who were suspected of cervical tuberculous lymphadenits. In patients with positive results on the first stage work-up, we treated the patients with antituberculosis chemotherapy under clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis. In patients with negative test results, we performed excisional biopsy. Also in patients who revealed positive results with no response to the antituberculosis chemotherapy, we performed an excisional biopsy too. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of first stage work-up were 64.9% and 81.8%, respectively. The sensitivity of FNAC, AFB stain and PCR were 8.1%, 13.5% and 56.8 %, respectively. The specificity of PCR was 81.8%. Thirteen (59.1%) of 22 patients who revealed negative results in their first stage work-up were proven to have cervical tuberculous lymphadentis through excisional biopsy, and two of the positive results in PCR were false positive. CONCLUSION: In clinical diagnosis of cervical tuberculous lymphadentis, the first stage work-up used in this study is found to be useful methods which resulted 64.9% sensitivity and 81.8% specificity. Especially, PCR is the most useful tool among them and suggest that, if its result is negative, excisional biopsy should be considered positively.

Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis(Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease)-A Clinicopathologic Study of 4 Cases- / 대한이비인후과학회지

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis(HNL), also known as Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease(KFD) is a disease which mainly invades cervical lymph node without any particular reason. Lymphadenopathy can be unilaterally or bilaterally with mild pain and be accompanied with high fever, malaise and skin rashes. At times it shows hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia and lymphatic cyst. These symptoms will be gone spontaneously without any specific treatments in several weeks or months, so the prognosis is comparatively satisfactory. It is confirmed only by excisional biopsy and must be differentiated from other diseases such as lymphoma, inflammatory and granulomatous lymphadenopathy, etc. Authors report the clinicopathologic findings of 4 cases of HNL with a review of literature.