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Objective:To analyze the influence of lifestyle changes on body weight and metabolic parameters during the early stage of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and regular epidemic prevention period in physical examination population.Methods:A total of 801 subjects from Nanjing enterprises and institutions who underwent physical examination in the Department of Health Promotion Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in May of 2019 to 2021 were included in this study. The basic information and data of body mass index, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride and uric acid were collected. Information about dietary and exercise habits was obtained through pre-examination questionnaires. The data of 2019 was set as baseline data, data of 2020 represented information during the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic and data of 2021 represented information in regular epidemic prevention period. The subjects were divided into underweight group, normal weight group, overweight group, and obese group according to the body mass index at baseline. The Friedman test was applied to compare changes in body mass index and metabolic parameters across the population. Chi-square test was used to compare changes in dietary and exercise habits. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was adopted to explore the influencing factors of body mass index changes.Results:During the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic, the proportion of weight gain was the highest in the underweight group (42.9%), the proportion of weight loss was the highest in the overweight group (24.2%), and the obese group has the most stable body weight (70.6%) ( P=0.004). Men ( OR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.36-0.87) were less likely to gain weight than women ( P=0.010). There was no significant differences in weight change among all groups in the regular epidemic prevention period ( P=0.380). During the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic, the levels of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and LDL-C were significantly lower than those of baseline [4.98 (4.66, 5.42) vs 5.23 (4.91, 5.66) mmol/L, 4.98 (4.36, 5.67) vs 5.11 (4.54, 5.77) mmol/L, 2.90 (2.45, 3.33) vs 3.23 (2.77, 3.74) mmol/L], and the uric acid level was higher [333.0 (275.5, 397.0) vs 311.0 (257.5, 368.0) μmol/L] (all P<0.001). In regular epidemic prevention period, the levels of body mass index, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and LDL-C were significantly higher than those in the early stage of the epidemic [24.0 (21.9, 26.3) vs 23.8 (21.7, 26.1) kg/m 2, 5.18 (4.85, 5.62) vs 4.98 (4.66, 5.42) mmol/L, 5.12 (4.42, 5.76) vs 4.98 (4.36, 5.67) mmol/L, 3.06 (2.59, 3.57) vs 2.90 (2.45, 3.33) mmol/L], while the uric acid was significantly lower [319.0 (265.0, 377.0) vs 333.0 (275.5, 397.0) μmol/L] (all P<0.001). During the early stage of the epidemic, the reduction proportion of unhealthy diet in the home group was significantly higher than that in the outing group (19.5% vs 11.4%), and the increment proportion of exercise in the outing group was significantly higher than that in the home group (5.1% vs 1.6%) (both P<0.05). In regular epidemic prevention period, the increase rate of unhealthy diet in the home group was significantly higher than that in the outing group (26.8% vs 13.0%) ( P<0.001), and there was no significant difference in exercise between the two groups ( P=0.325). During the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic and in the regular epidemic prevention period, unhealthy diet>3 times per week ( OR=3.85, 3.01, 95% CI: 1.74-8.51, 1.41-6.39) was positively correlated with weight gain, and regular exercise ( OR=4.35, 2.61, 95% CI: 2.05-9.23, 1.15-5.91) was positively correlated with weight loss (all P<0.05). Conclusions:During the early stage of COVID-19 epidemic and in the regular epidemic prevention period, the lifestyle in the physical examination population has an impact on body weight and metabolic indicators. In the early stage of the epidemic, unhealthy diet and exercise decreased, and metabolic indicators such as blood glucose and lipids decreased. People with low body weight tend to gain weight. In the regular epidemic prevention period, the subjects′ exercise increased but unhealthy diet also increased, and blood glucose, lipid and body weight elevated significantly.
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Hemodialysis patients need to acquire exercise habits because physical inactivity in hemodialysis patients is associated with increased mortality. However, factors associated with exercise habits in hemodialysis patients are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to exercise habits in hemodialysis patients. We measured 104 hemodialysis patients' exercise habits (transtheoretical model：TTM), laboratory data, self-efficacy (SE), short physical performance battery and grip strength, nutritional index, dialysis vintage, fluid removal, and Kt/V. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to assess the association of the aforementioned factors with TTM. As a result, in multiple linear regression analysis, SE, age, and Kt/V were associated with TTM (R2＝0.34, p＜0.05). hemodialysis patients may require mental support, such as SE and adequate dialysis dose, to acquire exercise habits.
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Hemodialysis patients need to acquire exercise habits because physical inactivity in hemodialysis patients is associated with increased mortality. However, factors associated with exercise habits in hemodialysis patients are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to exercise habits in hemodialysis patients. We measured 104 hemodialysis patients' exercise habits (transtheoretical model：TTM), laboratory data, self-efficacy (SE), short physical performance battery and grip strength, nutritional index, dialysis vintage, fluid removal, and Kt/V. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to assess the association of the aforementioned factors with TTM. As a result, in multiple linear regression analysis, SE, age, and Kt/V were associated with TTM (R2＝0.34, p＜0.05). hemodialysis patients may require mental support, such as SE and adequate dialysis dose, to acquire exercise habits.
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@#Every human individual must have experienced stress. Especially in situations or conditions with high stressors, one of which is the work factor. Job stress can have an effect on the occurrence of health problems, one of them is metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between work stress, workload, exercise habits and metabolic syndrome in employees in Offices (case study at Airlangga University). This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional research design. The population of this research is all education staff / academic staff, namely in the finance, human resources, infrastructure, academic, student, quality assurance, information system units, dean secretariat, laboratory staff and receptionist at Airlangga University. The sample size involved in this study was 70 people. A significant factor influencing the occurrence of metabolic syndrome is work stress and exercise habits. Meanwhile, the factors that influence the occurrence of work stress are age and workload. Each age increases by 1 year, the risk of work stress increases 1,126 times. Increasing the level of work stress increases the risk of developing metabolic syndrome by 1,146 times. The less regular exercise is, the risk of metabolic syndrome increases by 58 times. One of the efforts to solve the problem of metabolic syndrome are by exercising regularly and managing stress well. In addition, given the opportunity to exercise in between work and the presence of sports facilities in the work area can help reduce the risk of getting metabolic syndrome and work stress.
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Exercise is important for body composition promotion. Although many studies have indicated that physical competence promotes exercise participation, there are relatively few studies examining the relationships among these factors. The purpose of the present study was to model the relationships among body composition, exercise habits and physical competence by using structural equation modeling. The subjects were 223 Japanese male and female high school students. Height, lean bone mass and bone area ratio were measured. Exercise habits and physical competence scale including three subscales (perceived physical competence, feeling of control and peer and teacher acceptance) were assessed by self-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The model showed acceptable fit indices (GFI = .905, AGFI = .863 CFI = .954, RMSEA = .069). The path from peer and teacher acceptance to exercise habit was significant (<i>β </i>= 0.51, <i>p </i>< .001). Moreover, the path from exercise habits and from perceived physical competence to body composition was significant (respectively <i>β</i> = 0.53; <i>p </i>< .001, <i>β </i>= 0.47, <i>p</i> < .001). We could model the relationships among body composition, exercise habits and physical competence. These results indicate that not only exercise habits but also physical competence promoting exercise participation influence on body composition promotion.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To elucidate the effects of risk factors for arteriosclerosis on estimated VO(2) max and obtain useful information to advise enterprise employees.</p><p><b>SUBJECTS</b>One hundred and nineteen male and 87 female enterprise employees underwent exercise tests for health evaluation in the Total Health Promotion Plan at the Fukui Occupational Health Center between April 1990 and March 1993.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Multiple regression analysis was performed using estimated VO(2) max as the dependent variable, and percent body fat, blood pressure, blood tests, habitual physical activity, number of cigarettes smoked and alcohol consumption as independent variables in the first and second year, and for yearly changes in these variables.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The significant variables selected were as follows: in the first year, systolic blood pressure and percent body fat in males, and age in females; in the second year, diastolic blood pressure and habitual physical activity in males and systolic blood pressure in females; for yearly changes in each variable, cigarettes in males and percent body fat in females were selected.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It was suggested that guidance to reduce cigarettes in males, and to keep a proper percent body fat in females would be effective in maintaining the estimated VO(2) max.</p>
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Objectives: To elucidate the effects of risk factors for arteriosclerosis on estimated VO2max and obtain useful information to advise enterprise employees. Subjects: One hundred and nineteen male and 87 female enterprise employees underwent exercise tests for health evaluation in the Total Health Promotion Plan at the Fukui Occupational Health Center between April 1990 and March 1993. Methods: Multiple regression analysis was performed using estimated VO2max as the dependent variable, and percent body fat, blood pressure, blood tests, habitual physical activity, number of cigarettes smoked and alcohol consumption as independent variables in the first and second year, and for yearly changes in these variables. Results: The significant variables selected were as follows: in the first year, systolic blood pressure and percent body fat in males, and age in females; in the second year, diastolic blood pressure and habitual physical activity in males and systolic blood pressure in females; for yearly changes in each variable, cigarettes in males and percent body fat in females were selected. Conclusion: It was suggested that guidance to reduce cigarettes in males, and to keep a proper percent body fat in females would be effective in maintaining the estimated VO2max.