Recent Research Progress of Extramedullary Plasmacytoma --Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Extramedullary plasma cell tumor (EMP) is a kind of plasma cell tumor, and its pathogenesis is not completely clear. According to whether it is independent of myeloma disease, it can be divided into primary and secondary EMP, which have different biological and clinical characteristics. Primary EMP has low invasion, fewer cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities and good prognosis, and surgery and / or radiotherapy are the mainly treatments. Secondary EMP, as the extramedullary invasive progression of multiple myeloma (MM), is often accompanied by high-risk cellular and molecular genetic abnormalities and poor prognosis, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are the mainly treatment. This paper reviews the latest research progress of EMP in the pathogenesis, cytogenetics molecular genetics and treatment, so as to provide reference for clinical work.

Expression and clinical significance of Twist1 in bone marrow and extramedullary lesions tissues in patients with myeloma / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of Twist1 in bone marrow and ex-tramedullary lesions of patients with myeloma.Methods 30 cases of patients diagnosed with multiple myelo-ma(MM)treated in our hospital were selected for the study,and other 25 cases patients with MM combined with extramedullary lesions(EMD)were selected as the combined group.The positive expression rate of Twist1 in myeloma nuclei was detected by immunohistochemistry in the MM and EMD tissues,and the ex-pressions of Twist1 were compared in patients with different tumor stages,and the relationship between Twist1 and clinical parameters(gender,age)was analyzed.Results Twist1 could be expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of marrow tissue and extramedullary tissue among myeloma patients,and the high expression rate in patients complicated with extramedullary lesions was higher than that in the cytoplasm(P<0.05),and the high expression rate in the nucleus and cytoplasm of extramedullary tissues was higher than that in the myeloma group(P<0.05).The Twist1 expression rate in the nucleus of myeloma tissues was increased with the increase of the stages,but there was no significant difference in the expression rate between the two groups(P>0.05).The relationship analysis of Twist1 expression in the nucleus of bone marrow tissues and the clinicopathological features showed that the high or low Twist 1 expression was not significantly correlated with the gender and age(P>0.05),but had a certain relationship with clinical stages,and was positively cor-related with the disease stages(r=0.316,P<0.05).Conclusion Twist1 is highly expressed in bone marrow of patients with myeloma,especially in the nucleus of extramedullary lesions tissue of patients with combined with extramedullary disease,and the high expression of Twist1 is correlated with pathological staging,and it can be used as one of the clinical indicators for poor prognosis of patients with myeloma.