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Purpose: To analyze the impact on eye donation and corneal transplantation during the COVID?19 pandemic in a tertiary eye hospital in south India. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the donor and recipient records during the study period from January 2020 to May 2021 was conducted and tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2013. Demographic details of the donor, utility rate, cause of death, culture characteristics, storage methods, wet lab usage, and the surgical donor outcomes were evaluated. Additionally, the postoperative workup of the recipients, diagnosis, graft infection and rejection episodes, development of COVID?19 postoperatively, and outcome in terms of visual acuity at one, three, and six months were also noted. Results: A total of 466 eyes from 249 donors were received during the study period. The mean age of the donor population was 62.43 years (20.9). The corneal transplantation utility rate was 36.4% (n = 170). Fifty?one percent of the total transplant surgeries were for therapeutic purposes. This was followed by penetrating optical keratoplasty (34%), Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty (9%), and patch grafts (3%). Seventeen (10%) graft rejection episodes were noted and nine (53%) had complete resolution after medical treatment. Conclusion: Proper preventive measures are key to carrying out safe and efficient eye banking activities even during a deadly pandemic, as COVID?19 transmission via transplantation is rare.
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Purpose: To assess the perception of college?going girls toward corneal donation in Northern India. Methods: An online survey with a pre?structured, pre?validated questionnaire was conducted on 1721 college?going girls in Northern India. The knowledge and attitude scores were regressed, and latent class analysis was carried out. Results: The average of scores for all participants was computed individually for the knowledge questions and the attitude questions, and based on this score, total participants were divided into two groups: Better corneal donation behaviors (BCDB) and poor corneal donation behaviors. The binomial logistic regression model of knowledge domain for predicting BCDB, age of the participant, their awareness about corneal donation, and willingness to discuss eye donation among family members were found significant. Similarly, for the attitude domain, awareness about corneal donation, knowledge about hours within which ideal eye donation needs to be undertaken, and knowledge about eye donation during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID?19) pandemic were found to be significant. Latent class analysis identified one subset of participants having poorer knowledge and attitude scores and that they were more from a rural background, were having more than first order as birth order, were belonging to SC/ST classes, had illiterate or secondary education of father and mother, and were living in rented houses. Conclusion: The findings of the study significantly contribute to devising a mechanism to improve knowledge and influencing the attitude about eye donation among the youth, especially young women, who can act as counselors and motivators for the masses as well as their own families, in the generations to come.
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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, awareness and attitude of eye donation among non?clinical staff of tertiary eye hospitals and to convey a positive attitude toward eye donation by enhancing their awareness and knowledge. Methods: An online cross?sectional study was conducted among the non?clinical staff from all centers of a tertiary eye care hospital across Tamil Nadu. Quiz link was emailed to non?clinical staff of all the centers. On completion of the quiz, the participants viewed their respective scores and the correct answers to all questions. This activity was presumed to subsequently improve their knowledge and clear up the myths on eye donation. Results: Two hundred twenty?eight non?clinical staff from 11 hospitals participated in the quiz. Mean age was 35.3 ± 9.8 years and 130 were female staff (57.05%). One hundred eighty?one participants (79.39%) scored over 50% of the total 17 queries. One hundred eighty?six (81.58%) and 142 (62.28%) participants scored over 50% in the awareness section and knowledge section, respectively. Eye bank volunteers (73, 32.02%) were the main source of information. Twenty?four (10.53%) had already taken pledge for eye donation and 175 (76.75%) were willing to pledge, 29 (12.72%) were not willing to pledge. Twenty?two out of these 29 (75.86%) had no specific reason for not pledging. Family, religious reasons, lack of clarity and fear were least cited reasons (13.79%). Conclusion: Non?clinical staff of an eye hospital are easily approachable and are expected to be more knowledgeable by the general public around them. They might act as primary motivators in raising awareness within their family, friends, relatives and neighbors
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Purpose: To report the factors influencing eye donation among families of successful eye donors in India. Methods: The consenting family members of 434 deceased individuals who donated eyes between April 2019 and March 2020 were retrospectively interviewed via a telephonic questionnaire survey. Details regarding the donors and their families, motivating factors for eye donation, and time taken for tissue recovery were collected and analyzed. Results: The mean age of donors was 66.8 years, and only 13.9% of them had pledged to donate their eyes before death. For 62.3% of donations, children of donors were the primary consenters for eye donation. In 18.8% of donors, there was a previous history of eye donation in the family. Many donations were motivated by a non?governmental organization volunteer (40.5%) or by a grief counselor at the hospital (27.4%). Hospital?based corneal retrieval programs and donations where the first eye bank contact was made through hospital personnel had the greatest percentage of rapid enucleations (performed within 3 h after death) (48.7% and 49.1%, respectively; P = 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: Children of donors, typically in the working?age group, most often make the decision for donation, and hence, future awareness programs should focus on this specific population. All types of hospitals should advocate for eye donation as they are a common point of contact for a grieving family, and health?care professionals at all levels should be considered for training as motivators for eye donation.
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Background: India shoulders the largest global burden of blindness. Despite all the advances of science, there is no artificial substitute invented so far to replace human cornea. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about eye donation among the eye donors’ and recipient’s family.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted from January 2011 to December 2011 in Ahmedabad city, Gujarat. Eighty-one eye donors and 127 eye recipients using pre-designed and pre-tested proforma was finalized to collect the information from the participants either by home visit (in city) or by telephonic or e-mail interview. Data was entered and analyzed in MS Excel 2007 and Epi info7 software. Knowledge, attitude and practice were expressed as proportions.Results: A total of 81 eye donors and 127 eye recipient’s relatives were interviewed. Doctor or hospital was the most common source of knowledge regarding eye donation for both eye donors (68, 83.95%) and eye recipients (113, 88.97%). In this study 11 (13.58%) eye donors and 4 (3.15%) eye recipients were regular blood donors showing their positive attitude. Only nine (11.11%) donations were done by either donor’s personal will or by already pledging. Among our participants 68 (83.95%) family members had closed the eye lids of the donor after death, 39 (48.15%) had switched off fan of the room after death.Conclusions:Relatives of eye donors and eye recipients are willing to pledge for eye donation after death. Media and medical person was the mainstay in imparting knowledge to the participants. The relative of the donors are well versed with various aspect of preserving eyes after the death of donor compared to those recipients.
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Background: Corneal diseases are among the major cause of vision loss and blindness in the world today. Corneal transplantation remains the mainstay of treatment. Hence creation of awareness carries paramount importance. Aim of this study is to assess the awareness about eye donation amongst attendants of deceased patients, their willingness to donate eyes and the reasons for poor donation rate. To assess the efficacy of grief counselling by Eye Donation Counsellor (EDC), its impact on the conversion rateMethods: A prospective hospital based study was done in 135 participants (guardians of deceased subjects) admitted in intensive care units, from June 2017 to June 2018. Counsellor accompanied with a junior resident would first screen the cases. Relatives of suitable cases were approached and counselled in a systematic manner following a standard interview pattern. Responses were noted in a predesigned proforma.Results: Among 618 deceased cases 135 potential donors were identified.57.8% next of kin were aware of the concept of eye donation, but 42.2% were not. After counselling, willingness for eye donation was seen in 54.1%, others refused. Among 57.8% kin who were aware, 51.3% gave consent. Prior knowledge of eye donation, literacy and socioeconomic status did not have any significant influence on willingness. Counselling was found to be the best method to facilitate eye donation.Conclusions: An active counselling by eye donation counsellor is the main factor which is responsible for eye donation.
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Background-Eye donation is an act of donating ones eye after his/her death. it is an act of charity,purely for the benefit of the society and is totally voluntary. age or systemic illness such as diabetes or hypertension, heart disease \,kidney disease is not barrier for eye donation.. eye disease are a significant cause of visual impairment and blindness in the developing world.approximately 18.7 million people are blind in india and 1,90,000 are blind from bilateral corneal disease.For such people corneal transplantation helps in restoring their sight. According to the eye bank association of india the current cornea procurement rate in india is 22,000 per year.Programme and activities conducted across the country to impart the significance of eye donation and its useful to visual impaired people. Objectives- 1.To assess sociodemographic profile of the students.2.To assess the knowledge & awareness regarding eye donation among study subject. Methodology-Study Subject;-Medical student CIMS college Bilaspur. Type Of Study :-Observational Cross sectional study. Study Area :- CIMS medical college Study Duration:-July 2017 to December 2017. Sample Size :- 100medical students in CIMS medical college Bilaspur(C.G) Study Tools :- Pre designed questionnaires Results:- In the present study, there was nearly 46% male and 54% female. 100% of the participants had heard about eye donation.The commonest source of knowledge on eye donation, Dr (32%) followed by TV(25%), Friends (20%). Majority (63%) of participants had correct knowledge that eye should be removed from dead donor within 6 hours.80% of the participants replied eye donation is done by all age group people. Conclusion:- Majority (63%) of participant had correct knowledge regarding eye donation. Majority (79%) of the students have willingness regarding eye donation
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Purpose: To understand trends, awareness, influences and barriers to eye donation in Indian society. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Delhi from March 2017 to February 2018. About 10 hospitals collaborated with the Eye Bank under Human Cornea Retrieval Program (HCRP). Eye Bank recruited Eye Donation Counselors (EDCs) to approach family members of the deceased. A pretested questionnaire was used for this study. Irrespective of whether the next of kin of the deceased consented for eye donation or not, the option of participating in the survey was given. Results: Out of 473 potential donors identified, 407 (86%) next of kin consented to participate in the study. Of these, 388 (95.3%) were males and 19 (4.7%) were females. About 168 (41%) consented for eye donation and were assigned to donor group, while 239 (59%) participants refused eye donation and were assigned to non-donor group. Majority of the participants were siblings 170 (41.8%) of the deceased and the mean age of the deceased was 42.71 ± 17.56 years. The foremost concern before decision-making was transparency in how the cornea would be used (32.25%). The concern with regards to whether the body would remain intact after eye donation significantly decreased the probability of consent for eye donation. Conclusion: The study highlights that barriers to eye donation in India are not cultural or religious but more due to misinformation and proper utilization of the donated tissue. This study also emphasizes the pivotal role of EDC's in facilitating the eye donation movement.
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Background: Corneal diseases are the second major cause of blindness. Corneal transplantation is the most effective treatment with high rate of success but there is a shortage of corneal donors. The study analyzed various factors affecting the willingness to donate cornea. Methods: This community based cross sectional study was conducted among the adults residing in 9 sub-centres under PHC Kinaye, Belagavi in Karnataka, India. The participants (n=400) answered questionnaires which included details such as the demographic profile and, awareness and willingness to donate eyes. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the data. Results: Out of 400 participants, 80.5% were aware of eye donation among which 52% were willing to donate. Univariate analysis showed that adults who were less than 40 years were more aware when compared to those who were more than 40 years (p=0.0001) and more educated adults were willing to donate than illiterate. Adults from joint family were more aware when compared to those from nuclear family (p=0.005). Religious beliefs influenced the willingness of adults for donation as 83.6% denied willingness to donate. Conclusions: The results of our study strongly suggest that there are a lot of misconceptions regarding eye donation in most parts of our country. It is evident from our study that education and involvement of those in health sector, will help to spread knowledge about eye donation and to eliminate misconceptions and ignorance about corneal donation.
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Background: Corneal blindness is one of the major causes of blindness and vision can be successfully restored by corneal transplantation. Eye donation can improve the availability of cornea, but it depends on awareness and willingness in general population. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the awareness and willingness of urban population of western UP about eye donation and to correlate factors with willingness. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 400 residents >30 years of age of urban field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine, TMMC and RC, Moradabad. Pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to obtain information about the awareness and perception regarding eye donation. Results: Of 400 participants, 75% were aware about eye donation and 25% were ignorant; print and electronic media were the most common source of information. 51.6 % knew about the time limit of eye donation. 63.5% were willing for eye donation; willingness for eye donation was significantly higher in younger age group, males, and well-educated participants. Conclusion: Our study establishes the need to improve the awareness of eye donation in the study population. The most idealist public health approach would be, to reduce the occurrence of vision loss due to corneal diseases, with effective preventive policies, but as a short-term goal, the key way to deal with corneal blindness is to obtain the required number of corneas for transplantation.
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Background: India needs around 2,77,000 donations annually to perform 1,00,000 corneal transplants. To enhance the procurement of corneal donations further, raising the level of public education on eye donation was the most important first step. The Govt. of India under the 11th 5-year plan envisages eliminating avoidable blindness completely by 2020. The aim and objective of the study was to compare the awareness of eye donation and willingness to donate eyes among medical and paramedical students.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 400 final year MBBS students and interns and also among the final year B.Sc. nursing students and at Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar from August 2018 to September 2018.Results: The study participants were in the age group of 18-25 years. While 100% medical students had heard about organ donation, 85.5% of paramedical students heard about organ donation. Positive opinion regarding donation of eye post death was got from all the medical students as against 85% of paramedical students. More than 1/3rd of the study participants in both the groups were willing to donate eyes and know more regarding the same and also had a fair idea regarding shortage of donors in India.Conclusions: Awareness of eye donation is better in medical students compared to paramedical students, preferably due to the exposure and study curriculum. Most of the students in both groups were inclined to pledge for eye donation. Awareness regarding eye donation will form the prime base for the elimination of avoidable blindness in India.
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Blindness is one of the major public health problems in India. Visual rehabilitation by corneal transplantation remains a major treatment option in those who are already blind due to corneal diseases. To combat with shortage of corneal donation in India, spreading awareness among masses regarding eye donation becomes important. Objectives: (1) To determine the awareness regarding eye donation amongst adults (>20 years) in an urban re-settlement colony of Delhi. (2) To assess their willingness to pledge for eye donation. (3) To determine the factors influencing their decision for eye donation. Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional study, conducted in the urban health centre attached to a medical college of Delhi between October to December 2013. Systematic random sampling was used and every alternate adult patient >20 yrs attending the UHC was recruited. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS by a single investigator. Results: Majority (84.4%) had heard of eye donation. Only 21.2% were aware about contraindications for donating eyes. A little over quarter (27.6%) had heard of eye bank facility. When asked whether the retrieved eye can be stored before transplantation, majority (59.2%) didn’t know. More than half (54%) didn’t know which part of eye is removed. Mass media was major source of information in three forth respondents (74.9%). 45.5% were willing to pledge their eyes, a similar proportion was not willing (44.1%), five (2.4%) had already pledged and 17 (8.1%) were yet undecided to pledge. Conclusion: While majority of participants had heard of eye donation, but their knowledge regarding certain aspects of eye donation was found to be poor.
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Aims: To compare the level of awareness and willingness of eye donation between first and last year medical students of Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: A total of 1010 medical students were selected from 4 different medical universities of Karachi through random sampling of which 524 (52%) were first year students and 486 (48%) were final year students. Cross sectional study design was conducted to access their perception towards eye donation. For this a self-administered semi structured questionnaire was used which covered individual’s awareness, willingness, source of information and compelling factors for eye donation. Results: 522 out of 524 first year (99.6 %) and 486 out of 486 final year (100%) medical students were well aware of eye donation. Willingness to donate eyes after death was seen in only 151/524 (28.8 %) first year students and 217/486 (44.6%) last year students. Most common source of information for first year students regarding eye donation was through mass media, TV and radio 320/524 (61%) however for the last year students it was through exposure in hospitals and information by medical specialist 311/486 (64%). Lastly humanitarian grounds was considered most common promoting factor for eye donation by both first (368/524 (70.2%)) and last (359/486 (73.8%)) year students. Conclusion: Awareness of eye donation was found high among both year of students despite this fact very less number of students were willing to donate eyes. This reflects that having awareness of eye donation isn’t enough thus measures should be taken to promote students to donate eyes by encouraging them to help the needy, inciting them with religious benefits and clearing any misconceptions about religion and ethical issues in this regard.
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Background: Voluntary eye donation depends on the awareness levels of various stakeholders in the community. Today’s medical students are tomorrow’s stakeholders of the community. Medical professionals can enhance eye donation rates by educating and motivating the relatives in case of patient's death. Aim: Hence the present study was undertaken with an objective of assessing the promoting factors for eye donation among medical students. Material and methods: The present descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among undergraduate students of a medical college in western Uttar Pradesh in the month of February 2014 using pretested self administered questionnaire. Results: 77% students knew about eye donation. 51% of them were willing to donate their eyes. Only 39% students knew that the ideal time for eye donation is within 6 hours of death. 64% had knowledge about vitamin A’s important role in prevention of childhood blindness. TV, newspaper or other media were the most important channels of getting information for majority (60%) of the students. Regarding perceived promoting factors for eye donation by them, noble cause (57%), pleasure to help the blind (51%) and inspired by advertisement on television (42%) were 3 top most promoting factors. Conclusion: Inclusion of different preventive and promotive aspects of corneal blindness along with basic eye health care into the course curriculum is the need of the hour.
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Background: According to WHO estimates India has 10 million blind populations. Corneal problems cause a significant proportion of blindness in India. Although effective strategies to prevent corneal blindness are likely to be more cost effective, visual rehabilitation by corneal transplantation remains the major treatment for restoring sight in those who already have corneal blindness. The requirement of donor corneas per year is at least 20 times the current procurement. Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitude of post graduate medical students regarding eye donation and their willingness to pledge eyes for donation. Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study conducted using a pretested questionnaire on 116 Post graduate Medical Students but only 106 actually participated in the study. Results: A total of 106 students actually participated in the study. Among them 63 (59.43%) were males and 43 (40.57%) were females. The maximum percentages of the students were of age group 26-29 years. All the students were aware regarding eye donation but still they felt it was necessary to obtain consent from family members. Conclusion: These data showed that although the awareness is good but still there is imperative need to emphasize to evade myths concerning eye donation to promote eye donation.
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Background: Purpose of current study was to determine the awareness of eye donation and willingness to pledge eyes for donation in the government colonies (Central and state govt. colonies) of district Gwalior (M.P.). Corneal diseases constitute a significant cause of visual impairment and blindness in the developing world. Although Strategies to prevent corneal blindness are likely to be more cost effective, visual rehabilitation by Corneal Transplantation remains the major treatment for restoring sight in those who already have corneal blindness. Methods: The present study was undertaken from July 2012 to Dec. 2012 with a total population 2192 was surveyed of people residing in central and state govt. Colonies of district Gwalior in which total of 500 houses were taken. The total population aged 30 years and above were interrogated by a predesigned questionnaire regarding awareness of eye donation, any eye related problem and willingness to pledge eyes for donation. Results: The total respondents were 947 in which 481 (50.79%) were Males and 466 (49.21%) were females. The awareness of eye donation was present in 590 (62.30%) while 357 (37.70%) were not aware. Conclusion: The awareness regarding eye donation should be increased so that the public’s attitude would be more favorable to facilitate an increase in the number of corneas available for transplantation.
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Aim: Corneal blindness accounts for 3.42% of blindness in Malaysia; the rate of eye donation is low. The aim of the study was to assess the awareness about eye donation and willingness to donate eyes among attendants of patients at various clinics in Melaka, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted on attendants who accompanied patients (n = 400) visiting various outpatient departments of the General Hospital and two peripheral clinics in Melaka between August and October 2007. The participants answered a questionnaire (Malay and English versions) which included demographic profile, awareness of eye donation, knowledge regarding facts of eye donation, and willingness to donate eyes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed at 5% level of significance. Results: Awareness of eye donation was observed in 276 (69%) participants. Multivariate analysis showed that awareness was more among females when compared to males (P = 0.009). Of the 276 participants who were aware of eye donation, only 34.42% were willing to donate eyes. Willingness was more among the Indian race (P = 0.02) and males (P = 0.02). Educational status did not influence the willingness to donate eyes. Conclusions: Although majority of participants were aware of eye donation, willingness to donate eyes was poor.
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Adulto , Povo Asiático/psicologia , Povo Asiático/estatística & dados numéricos , Olho , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Índia , Malásia/etnologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores Sexuais , Obtenção de Tecidos e Órgãos/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to determine the knowledge of eye donation and corneal transplant among final year medical students of The University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus (UNEC). METHODS: Self-administered structured questionnaires were distributed to the members of the final year (graduating) class of the Medical College of UNEC in June 2007. Responses were obtained to questions bordering on eye donation and corneal transplant. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-one students out of 183 eligible students participated in the study (response rate = 71.6%). One hundred and four students (79.4%) were aware of eye donation/corneal transplant. However, 95 students (72.5%) were not aware that the eyes can only be removed from a dead donor. Eight-yfour students (64.1%) were not aware that eyes with cataract could be donated. Eighty-seven (66.4%) students were not willing to pledge their eyes for donation. CONCLUSION: Medical students lack adequate knowledge about some aspects of eye donation and corneal transplantation. This may be a predictor of the level of awareness among the general public. Concerted innovative education and information dissemination strategies are required at this stage of national development to address the misconceptions surrounding eye donation and corneal transplant. There is a need to target medical students as future motivators, counsellors and eye donors. This should help advance the eye donation rates in Nigeria whenever the plans for the establishment of an eye-bank are finalized.
OBJETIVO: El estudio fue diseñado para determinar el conocimiento sobre la donación de ojos y el trasplante de la córnea entre estudiantes del último año de medicina en el Campus Enugu de la Universidad de Nigeria (UNEC). MÉTODOS: Se distribuyeron encuestas estructuradas auto-administradas entre los miembros de la clase del último año (graduandos) de la Facultad de Medicina de UNEC en junio de 2007. Se obtuvieron respuestas a preguntas en torno a la donación de ojos y el trasplante de córnea. RESULTADOS: Ciento treinta y un estudiantes de un grupo de 183 estudiantes elegibles, participaron en el estudio (tasa de respuesta = 71.6%). Ciento cuatro estudiantes (79.4%) conocían de la donación de ojos/trasplante de córnea. Sin embargo, 95 estudiantes (72.5%) no sabían que los ojos sólo pueden ser extraídos de un donante muerto. Ochenta y cuatro estudiantes (64.1%) no tenían conciencia de que se podían donar ojos con catarata. Ochenta y siete (66.4%) estudiantes no estaban dispuestos a ofrecer sus ojos para una donación. CONCLUSIÓN: Los estudiantes de medicina carecían de conocimientos adecuados sobre algunos aspectos de la donación de ojos y el trasplante de la córnea. Éste puede ser un predictor del nivel de conocimiento en el público general. Se necesita concertar una educación innovadora y estrategias de difusión de la información en esta fase de desarrollo nacional, a fin de abordar las concepciones erróneas en torno a la donación de ojos y el trasplante de córnea. Hay que hacer un trabajo de captación de los estudiantes de medicina como futuros motivadores, orientadores, y donantes de ojos. Esto debe contribuir a elevar las tasas de donación de ojos en Nigeria, en cuanto se concreten los planes para la creación de un banco de ojos.