Three Cases of Febrile Diseases Successfully Treated with a Kampo Formulation Shimbuto / 日本東洋医学雑誌

We herein report three patients who complained atypical febrile diseases associated with painful whole body (Case 1), general fatigue (Case 2), and a sense of general discomfort (Case 3). All cases were not accompanied by dizziness and a shaky feeling which are commonly associated in shimbuto-sho i.e. indication of shimbuto, but presented severe tenderness at the left paraumbilical region which was suggested as indicative point of shimbuto by Yoshiko Takagi. We made a diagnosis in these three cases as shimbuto-sho based on the Takagi's tender point. Through these clinical experiences we propose that a new type of shimbuto-sho, which are completely different from the fixed idea of inherited knowledge. This new type of shimbuto-sho consists of following signs ; fever with chill, floating and feeble pulse, no sweating, general fatigue or body pain, and severe pain at Takagi's tender point.

Analysis of pathogenesis clauses and prescriptions of “Treatise on differentiation and treatment of epidemic febrile disease” related to clinical symptoms of COVID-19 / 中草药

Objective: To collect the clinical symptoms of novel coronavirus pneumonia, explore and analyze the clauses and prescriptions related to the clinical symptoms of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in “Treatise on differentiation and treatment of epidemic febrile disease”, in order to provide a reference for clinical treatments of the disease. Methods: Searching literature from the databases CNKI and PubMed by entering “novel coronavirus” (in Chinese) and “2019 Novel Coronavirus” as key words, classifying typical symptoms depending on their reported frequencies of occurrence, comparing with related pathogenesis in “Treatise on differentiation and treatment of epidemic febrile disease”, and analyzing clauses and prescriptions combined with the sixth version of “New coronavirus pneumonia diagnosis and treatment scheme”. Results: We optimized 20 literatures published in Chinese or English for the review, in which, a total of 647 clinical cases were reported. Based on that, 28 typical symptoms were summarized, including respiratory symptoms, such as fever and cough; Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; Other symptoms, such as myalgia, fatigue, and so forth. Among them, fever (558 cases), cough (395 cases), and fatigue (257 cases) were the top three clinical symptoms. By analysis, we optimized 15 clauses, 18 prescriptions, and 46 traditional Chinese medicines from “Treatise on differentiation and treatment of epidemic febrile disease”, including two clauses in the upper energizer, nine in the middle energizer, and four in the lower energizer; A total of seven prescriptions for treating dampness-heat, five for cold-dampness, and six for warm-heat diseases; as well as Chinese medicines Pinellia ternata (mentioned for six times), Cinnamomi Ramulus (five times), Tetrapanacis Medulla (five times), Poria cocos (four times), Talcum (four times), Coptis chinensis (four times) and Coicis Semen (four times), etc. P. ternata, Cinnamomi Ramulus, C. chinensis, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Zingiberis Rhizoma were selected to treat dampness-heat diseases, in order to “pungency opening and bitter discharging”; P. cocos, Tetrapanacis Medulla, Talcum, and Coicis Semen were selected for “eliminating dampness with bland medicinal”; Almond, Amomum kravanh, and Magnolia officinalis were used to “regulating qi movement”; Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Gypsum Fibrosum, and Forsythiae Fructus were used to treat warm-hot diseases for “purging fire and removing toxin”. The formula of Sanren Decoction, Yiyizhuye Powder can be used for people in the stage of medical observation period; Sanren Decoction, Yiyizhuye Powder, Xingrenyiyi Decoction, Wuling Powder, Baihujiaguizhi Decoction, and Lingjiangzhugui Decoction for treating mild cases; Huangqin Huashi Tang, Xingren Huashi Decoction, and Fulingpi Decoction for severe cases; Jiaomei Decoction, Jianweiwumei Pill, Sini Decoction, and Taohua Porridge for critical patients, and Maidong Maren Decoction, Wuzhi Yin, and Niuru Yin for convalescents. Conclusion: The prescriptions of “Treatise on differentiation and treatment of epidemic febrile disease” can provide reference for the clinical treatments of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia.

Exploration of Chaige Jieji Decoction formula syndromes based on severe cases of critical care and its application for acute exogenous fever and nosocomial infection / 中国中药杂志

Chaige Jieji Decoction recorded in Six Books of Exogenous Febrile Disease could be used to treat exterior syndrome due to wind-cold and heat caused by stagnation. The indications of Chaige Jieji Decoction include acute exogenous febrile diseases,such as influenza,upper respiratory tract infection,nosocomial infection; symptoms and signs,such as headache,eye pain,orbital pain,dizziness; fever,cold and hot exchanges; dry mouth,thirst,cold drinks,bitter mouth,dry throat; dry nose,stuffy nose,runny nose; poor appetite,silent appetite; strong neck,stiff back; insomnia,difficulty in sleeping; cough and sputum; abdominal pain,limb twitching;slightly torrent pulse. Disease involving all three Yang channels is very common in acute exogenous febrile diseases; the pathogenesis of exogenous diseases is quite different between cases in South China and North China. Most of the exogenous diseases in North China involves all three Yang channels. Disease involving all three Yang channels is the core of the pathogenesis of Chaige Jieji Decoction syndrome,in which headache is the key indications. Chaige Jieji Decoction can not only treat exogenous diseases,but also treat nosocomial infections in critically ill patients during hospitalization. Although Chaige Jieji Decoction,Xiaochaihu-Maxing Shigan Decoction,and Xiaochaihu-Daqinglong Decoction could be used to treat disease involving all three Yang channels,there are differences in indicators among them.

Study on classic preparations / 中国中药杂志

In this paper, classic preparations in Treatise on Febrile Diseases were systematically investigated to obtain their process parameters, and provide literature evidence and technical support for drug research and development. This paper includes the following sections: drug dose, solvents, excipients, and process parameters of classic preparations. The drug dose in Treatise on Febrile Diseases was not consistent with that in Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2015, for example, "Yi-Liang" was about 15.625 g, and "Yi-Sheng" was about 200 mL. The solvents of classic preparations can be divided into two types: wine and water. There were eight kinds of water: water, "Dongliu water" "Ganlan water" "acid pulp" "Jinghua water" "Lao water" "Mafei Tang" "spring water". There four kinds of wines: "wine" "Bai wine" "Qing wine" "Ku wine". There were two kinds of excipients: rice and honey. Classic prescription powder had two kinds of processes: "whole prescription powder" and "Yidaoshai Hezhizhi powder". Classic prescription pills had three kinds of processes: direct whole prescription pilling, pilling after extraction, and pilling with excipients after smashing. Classic prescription decoction had six kinds of processes: "wine Tang", "Mafei Tang", "Jingmi Tang", "Mijian Tang", "water Tang" "Zhugao Tang". Drug dose, solvents, excipients, processes and other key parameters of classic preparations were systemically reviewed in this study, and the process parameters were clarified to provide literature evidence and technical support for drug development.

Origin exploration of "the fifty-nine acupoints for febrile disease" / 中国针灸

Fifty-nine acupoints for febrile disease is recorded in(). By analyzing the combination of these acupoints, the writer discovered the acupoint composition and detected their origins from, in which the termsandare involved in the theoretic evidence. The writer thought the "fifty-nine acupoints for febrile disease" implied the self-evolution of some acupuncture school in ancient time, which was formed by absorbing the theoretic experiences of the other schools. It is necessary to analyze and interpret the other literatures besidesand probably obtain the further reorganization on it.

"Explore the Characteristics and Achievements of YU Chang's ""Yuyi Grass"" in Treating Typhoid Disease" / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To explore the characteristics and achievements of YU Chang'sYuyi Grassin treating typhoid disease. [Method] Based on studying, thinking and analysing theYuyi Grass, combined with related literature research, it summed up the YU Chang characteristics and achievements in treating typhoid disease. [Results] YU Chang treating typhoid fever syndrome had accuracy differentiation, forcefully rectifying children with typhoid fever being mistaken for the fallacies of present concern of charlotte, fine solution of typhoid rehabilitation treatment; slow treatment for typhoid critical patients, illustrating the appropriate use of ginseng theory for typhoid fever, having the original opinion in such use. [Conclusion] The Yuyi Grass treating typhoid disease has rich experience and unique achievements. These insights and achievement in learning by using the theory of Treatise on Febrile Disease for treating typhoid disease have important guiding significance in Chinese medicine clinic.

"Compatibility Characteristics and Clinical Applications of Aconite as""Angle Medicines""in Classical Prescriptions" / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] Analyzing and summarizing the compatibility characters and the clinical applications of theAngle Medicinesof Aconite, in order to enlighten the modern applications. [Methods] According to the theories of classical prescriptions, arranging the compatibility characteristics and clinical applications of theAngle Medicinesof Aconite, there are three kinds ofAngle Medicines, including theAngles Medicineas independent prescriptions, theAngle Medicinesas the main part of prescriptions and theAngle Medicineas the combinations of prescriptions. At last, listing two cases of theAngle Medicinesof Aconite as the examples of clinical experience to demonstrate theAngle Medicines. [Results]This article sorted out 7 pairs ofAngle Medicinesof Aconite as the first kind, 8 pairsAngle Medicinesof Aconite as the second kind, and theAngle Medicinesof Aconite as combinations. In clinic, we use the Aconite, fried ginger and Licorice to treat long-term diarrhea, use Aconite, Semen Coicis and Patrinia to treat the hypogastralgia, and we gain the good effects, which can declare the clinical practicability of theAngle Medicines. [Conclusions]There are a lot of compatibility knowledge in classical prescriptions. Comprehending and grasping the compatibility characters and the clinical applications of the Angle Medicinesof Aconiteare is very unique and ingenious for modern clinic.

Enfermedad por virus Zika Revisión: ¿Que debemos saber? ¿Cómo debemos actuar? ¿Por qué es una alerta sanitaria? / Zika virus disease Review: What do we know? How should we act? Why is a health alert?

La enfermedad o fiebre del Zika es una enfermedad febril, zoonótica, transmitida por vectores, de curso agudo, emergente, autolimitada y benigna, causada por el virus Zika (ZIKAV), Se reportó inicialmente en Africa y Asia, pero actualmente se ha propagado ampliamente a gran parte de los países americanos. El diagnóstico confirmatorio de la enfermedad requiere pruebas especializadas, y su tratamiento es solamente sintomático, siendo la prevención de la picadura del mosquito la mejor estrategia para disminuir su presentación. A pesar de ser una enfermedad que puede cursar asinto-mática o con una manifestaciones clínicas muy benignas y muy raramente mortal, ha prendido las alertas en salud por su progresiva y rápida propagación además de estar asociada a malformaciones congénitas neurológicas, oftálmicas y articulares, en algunos casos irreversibles

Illness or fever Zika is a benign febrile disease, zoonotic, vector-borne, acute course, emerging, self-li-mited and caused by Zika (ZIKAV) virus, was initially reported in Africa and Asia, but now has spread widely much of the American countries. Confirmatory diagnosis of the disease requires specialized testing and treatment is only symptomatic, with prevention of mosquito bites the best strategy to reduce its presentation. Despite being a disease that can take asymptomatic or very mild and very rarely fatal clinical manifestations, he has caught alerts health by progressive and rapid spread also to be associated with neurological, eye and joint congenital malformations in some cases irreversible.

Haoqin Qingdan Decoction () and ribavirin therapy downregulate CD14 and toll-like receptor 4 in febrile disease with dampness-heat syndrome in a mouse model / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of Chinese medicine Haoqin Qingdan Decoction (, HQD) for febrile disease dampness-heat syndrome (FDDHS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty mice were divided into four groups, including normal control, FDDHS (induced by Radix et Rhizoma Rhei recipe and influenza virus A1 FM1 model), HQD, and the ribavirin groups (10 in each). The normal control and FDDHS groups were administered normal saline. HQD and the ribavirin groups were administered HQD and ribavirin intragastrically once daily at a dose of 64 g/(kg d) and 0.07 g/(kg d), respectively for 7 days. Lethargy, rough hair, diarrhea, tongue color and sole color were evaluated for pathological changes in morphology. The tongue and lung tissues were collected for histology. The CD14 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression levels were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>More than 80% of the FDDHS mice showed hypokinesia and lethargy, and pathological changes associated with rough hair, diarrhea, tongue color and sole color. With advanced treatment for 7 days, the thick greasy tongue fur of the HQD and ribavirin groups were thinner than that of the FDDHS group (P<0.05), and it was the thinnest in the ribavirin group as compared with that in other groups (P<0.05). The CD14 and TLR4 expression levels in the lung tissues of HQD and ribavirin groups significantly delined compared with the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CD14 was down-regulated more remarkably in the HQD group compared with the ribavirin group (P<0.05), whereas the converse was true with TLR4 (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>We established a FDDHS mouse model showing systemic clinical symptoms. Both HQD and ribavirin can inhibit the expression of CD14 and TLR4 in FDDHS mice, while the effect of ribavirin might be much more violent. The expression changes of CD14 and TLR4 consistently refers to lipopolysaccharide, the commonly and hotly inducing factor in FDDHS.</p>

Annlysis of Two Sets of Three Yin and Three Yang Systems in“Treatise on Febrile Diseases” / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] To interpret the origin, connotation and clinical significance of two sets of the three Yin and three Yang systems in Treatise on Febrile Diseases.[Method] Through the method of genetic epistemology,tracing the viewpoint of three Yin and three Yang and viscera Qi complying with the four seasons in Neijing,to expound the three Yin and three Yang system inTreatise on Febrile Diseases.[Result] The three Yin and three Yang system of identifying six-channel diseases must accord with the year to get to know the Qi,and than know the change of Yun and Qi of the year.The three Yin and three Yang system of recovery time from six-channel diseases is to expound pathogenesis, disease location and development trend of disease,including the system of YangYi, the system of YinYi, disease occurring in Yang, disease occurring in Yin. [Conclusion] There are two sets of three Yin and three Yang systems inTreatise on Febrile Diseases:firstly,the three Yin and three Yang system of recovery time from six-channel diseases is to manage the host Qi of the four seasons and viscera Qi complying with the four seasons;secondly,the three Yin and three Yang system of identifying six-channel diseases is to manage the guest Qi of six-excess external contraction.

Application and modern research on fresh herbs of Chinese materia medica / 中草药

Fresh herbs, whose clinical application has been throughout the entire process of the origin and development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), are with the characteristics of treatment by Chinese materia medica (CMM). Fresh herbs are mainly used during the treatment of febrile disease. Compared with dry herbs, some fresh herbs have better and quicker effect on curing disease, at the same time, it is more meaningful in the treatment of febrile disease. However, the fact that current study on the material basis of fresh herbs is insufficient makes the failure about reasonably designing fresh herbs preparations, so that people can not provide the bases and guidances for the reform of dosage form. Through historical research about the application of fresh herbs, this paper describes the current situation about fresh herbs at home and abroad in recent years, in order to provide a scientific basis for the rational exploitation of fresh herbs resources.

First Discussion about the Academic Thinking and the Clinical Experience of Febrile Disease of Shao School Inherited by Professor Shen ;Yuanliang / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] To summarize the academic thinking and clinical experience of febrile disease of Shao school inherited by Professor Shen Yuanliang. [Methods]This article discusses the formation and development of febrile disease of Shao school, presents Professor Shen Yuanliang's contribution to inheriting the academic thinking of febrile disease of Shao school, and his clinical experiences and prescriptions. The article also illustrates and analyses a medical record. [Results]Professor Shen Yuanliang inherits the academic thinking and clinical experience of febrile disease of Shao school. He pays attention to the inspection and abdomen examination, eliminating the pathogenic factor to treat exogenous diseases, and regulating spleen and stomach to treat endogenous diseases. He prefers using herbs with the feature of light, regulating and tonifying formula, and focuses on the care after the recuperation. The case mentioned is perfectly recovered after medication. [Conclusion]Professor Shen Yuanliang has the distinguished characteristics in therapy and the rich experience, and the clinical efficacy is obvious.

Knowledge Discovery In Terms of Sunshine Diagram of Multi-layer Complex Concept Network Express on Urination Formula-syndrome inTreatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to discover the knowledge of urination formula-syndrome in theTreatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseasebased on the Sunshine diagram of multi-layer complex concept network express. A total of 39 items about urination formula-syndrome in theTreatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseasewere collected, and then regulated into standard expression. The database was established and the multi-layer complex concept network express was constructed. The Sunshine diagram was drawn and the connotation rules on urination formula-syndrome in theTreatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseasewere summarized through mode development of the diagram. The results showed that the Sunshine diagram collected 44 objects (i.e., formulas) and 191 properties (i.e. syndromes), which expressed the urination formula-syndrome visually. It was concluded that the application of Sunshine diagram in the formula-syndrome knowledge based on multi-layer complex concept network express provided certain references on the inheritance and development of classics in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

The Seongho School's Study of the Ancient Learning and Its Influence on the Debate about Materia Medica in the Late Joseon Dynasty / 의사학

This study will determine the ways in which the ancient learning (gu xue) scholarship of the Seongho School, and its interest in the materia medica (ben cao xue) were related during the late Joseon period. The Seongho School centered its studies mainly on classical Chinese texts of the Han (206 BC-AD 220) and pre-Han (?-221 BC) (xian-qin liang-han) periods rather than those of the Tang and Song dynasties (618-1279). Gu xue scholarship emerged during the Ming dynasty era (1368-1644) as an alternative to the scholarly trends of the Song dynasty, which were dependent on Zhu Xi's (1130-1200) Neo-Confucianism and its interpretation of Han and pre-Han classical Chinese texts. This scholarly trend influenced Korean and Japanese literature, philosophy, and even medicine from the seventeenth through the nineteenth centuries. Focusing on Korean scholarship, we find a great deal of research regarding the influence of gu xue on Korean classical Chinese literature and Confucian philosophy in the late Joseon period; however, no study has examined how this style of scholarship influenced the field of medicine during the same period. This study will investigate how the intellectuals of the Seongho School, who did the most to develop gu xue among Joseon intellectuals, were influenced by this style of scholarship in their study of the materia medica. Jeong Yak-yong (1762-1836), the representative intellectual of the Seongho School, did not focus on complicated metaphysical medical theories, such as the Yin-Yang and Five Elements theory (yin yang wu xing shui) or the Five Movements and Six Atmospheres theory (wu yun liu qi shui). Instead, his interests lay in the exact diagnoses of diseases and meticulous herbal prescriptions which formed an essential part of the Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease (Shang han lun) written by Zhang Zhungjing (150-219) in the Han dynasty. The Treatise was compatible with the scholarly purpose of gu xue in that they both eschewed metaphysical explanations. The Seongho School's interest in the materia medica stemmed from a desire to improve the delivery and quality of medical practices in rural communities, where metaphysical theories of medicine did not prevail and the cost of medicine was prohibitive.

Zang-fu Syndrome Differentiation of Dysuria in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease / 浙江中医药大学学报

Objective] Make a research on curative properties from the aspect of zang-fu differentiation in dysuria of Zhang Zhong-Jing. [Methods] Detailly discussed about the properties of dysuria from five aspects: lung, spleen, kidney, triple energizer and bladder. Combine these factors with articles in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease to estimate the condition of body fluid and prognosis of the disease. [Results]The several methods to diagnose and treat dysuria from the idea of Zang-fu Theory, such as ventilating lung and relieving the exterior, invigorating spleen and dissipating excessive fluid, purging and benefiting triple energizer, warming kidney and transforming qi, promoting urination and activating yang. Smooth or not of urine could help to locate the lesion viscera, determine the attribute of deficiency and excess of etiology and judge the prognosis of diseases. [Conclusion]Zhang Zhong-Jing ’s Zang-fu syndrome differentiation theory is an effective way to diagnose and cure dysuria in clinical practices, it is worthy of further research.

Knowledge Discovery in Terms of Multilayer Complex Concept Network Express on Key Formulae in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Based on formal concept analysis theory, formal context of formulae, herbs and their relationship was cre-ated in this article first. Then, the created formal context would be divided and optimized according to classification method in Shang Han Lun Lei Fang written by Xu Lingtai, such as Guizhi Tang category, Chaihu Tang category, Xiexin Tang category, and etc. Multilayer complex concept network was used in the description of the universality and particularity of things. The multilayer complex concept network figure of key-formula-classified formulae was completed on the subgroup structure and visualized express of formulae, herbs and their relationship in the Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease. This is a new attempt of integrated information technology with diseases harmed by cold in traditional Chinese medicine. It will bring great benefit in relearning traditional classification methods and promoting inheritance and innovation of study on the Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease.

Discussing the significance of prescription treatment contraindicationsof Treatise on Febrile Diseasein syndrome differentiation treatment / 国际中医中药杂志

This paper systematically summarizes treatment contraindicationsof the prescription Guizhi decotion, Mahuang decotion, Guizhi 2 yuebi 1 decotion, Daqinglongdecotion, Lingguizhugandecotion, Zhizichi decotion, Baihu decotion, Chengqi decoction, Zhuling decotion , Xiaochaihu decotion, Taohechengqi decotion, Guizhi adding Shaoyao decotion, Guizhi adding dahuang decotion, Sinidecotion, Huangqin decotion in Treatise on Febrile Disease. Doctors should pay attention to thesetreatment contraindications forbetter syndrome differentiational treatment, thus to improve its clinical efficacy.

Relationship between Fever and Sweating in Development of Febrile Diseases / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Fever and sweating are the most common clinical symptoms, which are important parts in the inquiry of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Just as Zhang Jingyue said, Firstly inquire for cold and heat and secondly in-quire for the sweating. It placed both symptoms as priorities in the collection of disease history. In the clinical prac-tice, febrile diseases refer to acute exogenous diseases infected by warm evil with the main symptom of fever. And fever is almost throughout the entire process of febrile diseases. It is also known as Han-Bing for the visible varia-tion of sweating in its entire disease process. It is important to identify the abnormality of sweating for the determina-tion of the severity febrile diseases and the level of body fluid shortage. Therefore, two main symptoms for the diag-nosis of febrile diseases are particularly prominent and important. The reasons of sweating and fever in febrile dis-eases have been explored so much but the relationship between them is less which is extremely essential to learn more about febrile diseases. So we are expected to explore this topic to make better use of theories of febrile dis-eases.

Classic clinical thinking cultivation of treatise on febrile disease teaching course / 国际中医中药杂志

The classic treatise on febrile disease is one of the four great classics of traditional Chinese medicine,is the bridge of TCM theory and clinical courses.We think there are the following three aspects to cultivate the students' clinical thinking through this classic,teaching:the first is case teaching method throughout the class; the second is the application of multiple teaching methods to improve the teaching effect; and the third is the reform of examination way and improving the students' clinical interest.

Discussion on Febrile Disease Syndrome and Treatment Characteristics in“Common Treatise of Febrile Diseases”of Yu Genchu / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To summarize febrile disease syndrome and treatment characteristics in“Common Treatise of Febrile Diseases”of Yu Genchu, add new meanings to the research of the doctrine of febrile disease. [Methods] Through col ating febrile disease contents in“Common Treatise of Febrile Diseases”to analyse and discuss. [Results] The name of febrile disease appears rarely in“Common Treatise of Febrile Diseases”,but the contents of the book contain febrile disease,such as febrile disease diagnosis,treatment and aftercare. [Conclusion]The name of “typhoid fever”is throughout the whole book,but as a scholar of younger age,we should know it is generalized “typhoid fever”, which is the name of seasonal exogenous disease.The book explains the original idea of Zhongjing and integrates with the theories of the doctors of febrile diseases, reflecting Yu Genchu ’s academic idea of cold-warm combination and initiating the research of Shao Pai Shang Han.