Water management applied to the processing of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) and Dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) in a fish cold storage warehouse in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / Gerenciamento hídrico aplicado ao beneficiamento de Salmão-do-Atlântico (Salmo salar) e Dourado-do-mar (Coryphaena hippurus) em entreposto de pescado no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

The high consumption of water and uncontrolled wastewater generation commonly seen in fish processing plants are a matter of concern. Sustainable actions must be taken to addres this issue. The present study aimed to quantify the water used in the processing of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) and Dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) in a fish warehouse in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, through water balance and mass balance at each development stage. According to the data obtained, the warehouse showed higher total water use, both in general (7,173.28±265.77m3/month), with most water use intended for processing support activities, approximately 45.00% (3,186.82±407.57m3/month); specifically, in the processing of the selected raw materials, with greater consumption of water for obtaining one kg of Dolphinfish fillets and slices, around 4.80 x 103m3/kg in both. This suggests the use of sustainable methodologies that result in decreased water consumption and in reuse of solid waste, since the three processing stages studied generated a high amount of solid waste, with emphasis to filleting in both species, with 55.00% of residual production each. The present study will also serve as the basis to other studies on the same issue in the fishing area.(AU)

Comumente relacionado à indústria de pescado, o alto consumo de água e geração de efluentes de forma não controlada é preocupante. Ações sustentáveis são necessárias diante do problema. Objetivou-se, com o presente estudo, quantificar a água utilizada no processamento de salmão-do-atlântico (Salmo salar) e dourado-do-mar (Coryphaena hippurus), em um entreposto de pescado localizado no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, por meio dos balanços hídrico e de massa de cada etapa de processamento. Com base nos dados obtidos, observou-se que o entreposto apresentou um elevado uso de água total, tanto de forma geral, 7.173,28±265,77m3/mês, com o maior gasto destinado às atividades de apoio ao processamento, aproximadamente 45,00%, quanto de forma específica, no processamento das matéria-prima selecionada, com o maior consumo de água para obtenção de um kg de filé e um kg de posta de dourado, cerca de 4,80 x 103m3/kg em ambos os processos. Sugere-se a aplicação de metodologias sustentáveis de redução no uso hídrico, além do reaproveitamento de resíduos sólidos, uma vez que os três beneficiamentos estudados geram elevada quantidade de resíduos sólidos, com destaque para a filetagem em ambas as espécies, com produção residual de 55,00% cada. O presente estudo também serve como base para outros de mesma temática na área de pescado.(AU)

An Ergonomic Approach For Designing A Seat For Fish Processing Workers

The present study aimed to design a sitting stool for fish processing worker to reduce the postural stress during work. The study was conducted on 74 male and female fish processing workers selected randomly. The Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) of the subjects was assessed by the modified Nordic Questionnaire method. The body joint angles were measured by a digital goniometer. The results revealed that MSD was highly prevalent in lower back region in both male (78.57%) and female (93.47%) workers. The results of body joint angles suggested a high degree of forward bending during work. Efforts were made to design a sitting stool considering the human factors of the users to reduce the postural problems. The stool was designed by considering 5th and 95th percentile values of different anthropometric dimensions of the male and female workers. Paired comparison tests were employed to determine optimum dimensions of the stool for ensuring the compatibility of the physical characteristics of the stool with human body. From the results of paired comparison test and anthropometric characteristics of the users, physical dimensions of the sitting stool were settled for final designing. From the results, the height of the stool was determined separately for male and female workers. In the suggested design the height of the seat was 25cm for male and 20cm for female where the length and depth of the seat were 40cm and 32cm respectively for both sexes.A mechanical system was incorporated in the design so that the same stool could be used by the male and female workers. Subjective evaluation indicated that most of the subjects (>75%) rated the seat as good or very good. The joint angle study with suggested seat showed improved working posture.

Elaboração de massa fresca de macarrão enriquecida com pescado defumado / Production of fresh paste pasta enriched with smoked fish

O objetivo deste trabalho foi de produzir massa fresca de macarrão com a incorporação de peixe defumado e avaliar as características microbiológicas, físico-químicas e sensoriais. O peixe utilizado para este experimento foi o pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), cultivados em tanques rede no Reservatório da Itaipu Binacional no Município de Santa Helena - PR. Foram realizadas análises quanto aos teores de lipídios, umidade, proteínas, minerais totais, carboidratos e valor calórico, além da qualidade microbiológica do produto in natura e da massa de macarrão. A massa de macarrão foi submetida também à análise sensorial com avaliação dos atributos de aparência, cor, odor, sabor e textura. A massa de macarrão apresentou valores de 15,21% de proteínas; as análises físico-químicas indicaram alto teor protéico. Quanto à análise microbiológica do produto, os resultados obtidos apresentaram-se em conformidade com os valores exigidos pela legislação e, portanto, adequado para o consumo humano. A avaliação sensorial da massa de macarrão indicou alta aceitabilidade com 97% de aprovação. O acréscimo de carne de pescado na formulação da massa de macarrão apresentou vantagens qualitativas e quantitativas com relação à sua composição química, além de alta aceitabilidade do produto desenvolvido, o que mostra a viabilidade de sua produção.

The purpose of this study is to prepare fresh paste pasta with the addition of smoked fish, and to assess the microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics, and the sensory aspects. Pacu fish (Piaractusmesopotamicus) bred in captivity in the Binational Itaipu Reservoir located in the City of St. Helena – PR was analyzed on the contents of lipids, protein, total minerals, carbohydrates, moisture and caloric value. TheMicrobiological quality of the fresh product and the prepared pasta was assessed. The sensory aspects of thepasta were used to evaluate the appearance, color, odor, taste and texture characteristics. The pasta paste had 15.21% protein. The physical-chemical analysis on pasta showed high protein contents; and the microbiological results complied with the values established by the legislation in effect, being suitable for human consumption. The acceptability of sensory features on the prepared pasta had 97% of approval. The addition of fish meat in the pasta paste formulation furnished qualitative and quantitative advantages regarding the chemical composition besides the high acceptance, indicating the feasibility of its production.

Situação atual e perspectivas para o consumo, processamento e agregação de valor ao pescado / Current situation and perspectives for consumption, processing and aggregation of value to fishery / Situación actual y perspectivas para el consumo, procesamiento y agregación de valor al pescado

RESUMO: As atividades da pesca e aqüicultura têm sido consideradas como as futuras fontes de proteína de alta qualidade, já que elas são capazes de gerar volumes consideráveis de renda, tanto em países desenvolvidos, quanto naqueles em desenvolvimento. Contudo as estatísticas mostram uma acentuada redução da atividade pesqueira proveniente da pesca extrativa e, por outro lado, ascensão da aqüicultura, fato esse que poderá levar a aqüicultura se tornar a grande responsável pela produção de alimento e renda. Apesar do expressivo crescimento do setor aqüícola nacional, o consumo de pescado "per capita" não tem apresentado crescimento na mesma proporção. Isso pode ser atribuído a fatores como a falta de hábito do consumidor brasileiro em consumir carne de pescado e principalmente devido à falta de qualidade, diversidade e praticidade oferecidas pelos produtos comercializados nacionalmente. Assim a busca de desenvolvimento e profi ssionalização das indústrias de processamento de pescado pode levar à popularização e aumento do consumo desses produtos a partir da produção de produtos mais elaborados ou pré ­ prontos. Além disso, o aproveitamento dos resíduos da industrialização para a produção de farinhas, silagens, óleos ou peles pode levar a uma maior agregação de valor aos produtos e lucratividade das indústrias. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é revisar os aspectos relacionados ao consumo e processamento do pescado no Brasil

ABSTRACT: The fi sheries and aquaculture have been considered as the future high quality protein sources because of their capacity of generating considerable volumes of income, as much in developed countries as in those which are still in the development process. However, the statistics show a reduction of the fi sheries yield and on the other hand an increase of the aquacultures yields. This issue will make the aquaculture the greatest responsible for the production of food and income. Despite the national aquaculture increase, the fi sh consumption per capita has not presented growth in the same ratio. This can be attributed to factors like the lack of habits of the Brazilian consumer in consuming fi sh and mainly due to the lack of quality and diversity of national products. Thus, the search for development and professionalization of the industries of fi sh processing can lead to a popularization and increase of these products consumption from the pay - ready products production on. Moreover, fi sh by-products industrialization to meal, ensilages, oils or skins production can take to a bigger aggregation of value to the products and profi tability industries. In this sense, the objective of this work is to review the aspects related to the fi sh consumption and processing in Brazil.

RESUMEN: Las actividades de la pesca y acuicultura han sido consideradas como las futuras fuentes de proteína de alta calidad ya que éstas son capaces de generar volúmenes considerables de renta, tanto en países desarrollados, como en vías de desarrollo. Sin embargo las estadísticas muestran una acentuada reducción de la actividad pesquera proveniente de la pesca extractiva y, por otro lado, ascensión de la acuicultura, hecho éste que podrá llevar la acuicultura a ser la gran responsable por la producción de alimento y renta. A pesar del expresivo crecimiento del sector acuícola nacional, el consumo de pescado "per cápita" no presentó crecimiento en la misma proporción. Esto puede ser atribuido a factores como la falta de hábito del consumidor brasileño en consumir carne de pescado y principalmente debido a la falta de calidad, diversidad y practicidad ofrecidas por los productos comercializados nacionalmente. Así la búsqueda por desarrollo y profesionalización de las industrias de procesamiento de pescado puede llevar a la popularización y aumento de consumo de estos productos, desde la producción de productos más elaborados o prelistos. Además, el aprovechamiento de los residuos de la industrialización para la producción de harinas, forrajes, aceites o pieles puede llevar a una mayor agregación de valor a los productos y a la rentabilidad de las industrias. En este sentido el objetivo de este trabajo es revisar los aspectos relacionados al consumo y procesamiento del pescado en Brasil.

Survey on the Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Simple Repetitive Workers Who Use Upper Extremities / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to survey on the prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome(CTS) in high risk jobs(meat and fish processing plant and wood plant), by application of Nerve Conduction Study(NCS), a confirmatory diagnostic method. METHODS: Experimental group was 69 workers sampled from meat and fish processing plants and 17 workers sampled from wood plants, who were simple, repetitive workers using upper extremities and control group was 28 workers sampled from managers, secretaries and keepers. All employees were examined through work history, physical examination and NCS. RESULTS: 18 workers(26.09%) in meat and fish processing plants, and 5 workers(29.41%) in wood plants had compatible findings to NIOSH diagnostic criteria for CTS. The experimental group had more symptoms(complaint of upper extremities, Visual Analogue Scale >or= 4(VAS: total 10 point)), signs(Tinel and Phalen test) and prevalence of CTS than control group ( por=7 years). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CTS in meat and fish processing plant and wood plant were 26.09% and 29.41% respectively. Authors propose that meat and fish processing and wood plants should be managed as a risk job category which were designated by OSHA in 1996