Spatial Trend of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) Serotypes in Cattle and Buffaloes, Pakistan / 中国病毒学·英文版

The present study describes the frequency of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) virus serotypes (O,A and Asia-1) in major regions (all provinces) of Pakistan using Indirect Sandwich ELISA.Also,spatial distribution of various FMD serotypes and their comparison is discussed.A total of 590 samples (Epithelial tissue) have been analyzed during a period of five years (2005-2009).Out of 590 samples,180 were found positive,giving an overall confirmation of FMDV about 33.2 ％.Of the prevalent serotypes,FMDV ‘O’ serotype caused most outbreaks (20.7 ％),followed by serotype A (6.6 ％) and serotype Asia-1 (4.6 ％) while there was no positive case oftype ‘C’.The study clearly showed that the disease was more frequent in the agro-climatic zones than in hilly areas.Based on the data of 590 samples (＞50 outbreaks),the overall prevalence of FMDV in cattle and buffaloes in Pakistan was 33.2 ％,while in cattle alone,it was 37.1％,higher than in buffalo (28.7 ％).There were eight cases of mixed serotypes infection,indicating the presence of endemic state of disease.Another significant feature was the change over time.In phase-I (2005-2007),there was an overall prevalence of 29.4 ％,while the occurrence of the serotype O,A and Asia-1 was 20.4 ％,2.9 ％ and 4.7 ％,respectively.During phase-II (2008-2009),the overall prevalence was 59.21％,while those of serotype O,A and Asia-1 were 22.4 ％,31.6 ％ and 4.0 ％,respectively.This clearly indicated a shift from serotype O to A,which may help to explain the occurrence of more severe outbreaks,despite vaccination.

Virus de Fiebre Aftosa: una aproximación al estado del arte / Vírus da Febre Aftosa: uma aproximação ao estado da arte / Foot and Mouth Disease virus: an Approach to the state of the art

La fiebre aftosa es una enfermedad viral causada por uno de los miembros prototipo de la familiaPicornaviridae, y aunque dicha enfermedad ha sido descrita hace más de 5 siglos, sigue siendo una de lasprincipales barreras económicas y sanitarias tanto para importación como para exportación de ganadobovino y porcino y sus derivados. Dado que el 75% del hato bovino nacional se encuentra libre de laenfermedad con vacunación, es necesario que nos actualicemos en el estado del arte de la enfermedadpara poder así estar preparados para el anhelado momento en el que el país sea declarado libre sinvacunación y apartir del cual, un completo conocimiento de la enfermedad, sus factores de riesgo, sucorrecto reconocimiento y diagnóstico, van a ser clave para mantener este importante estatus zoosanitarioque beneficia tanto a la comunidad ganadera como al país.

Foot-and-Mouth disease (FMD) is a viral disease caused by a prototype member of the Picornaviridaefamily. Although the disease has been described for more than 5 centuries, it remains one of the majorhealth and economic barriers for cattle and swine import and export. Since 75% of the national cattle herdis FMD free, it is necessary to provide an updated literature review of the disease. Updated informationof FMD will assist in the decision making of the need and use of vaccines, especially at the time when thecountry is declared free of FMD.

A febre aftosa é uma doença viral causada por dos membros protótipo da família Picornaviridae.Embora que esta doença tem sido descrita a mais cinco séculos, tem sido a principal barreira econômicae sanitária pra a importação e exportação de gado bovino e suíno e seus derivados. Dado que o 75% dorebanho bovino nacional encontra-se livre da doença com vacinação, é necessária a atualização do estadoda arte da doença para poder assim estar preparados para o esperado momento em que o país seja declaradolivre de vacinação. Momento pelo qual, um completo conhecimento da doença, seus fatores de risco, seucorreto reconhecimento e diagnóstico, serão chaves para manter este importante status zoosanitario quebeneficia tanto aos criadores com ao país.

Amplification and Characterization of Bull Semen Infected Naturally with Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus Type Asial by RT-PCR / 中国病毒学·英文版

To investigate the security of semen biologically, 15 bull semen samples were collected (of which 5 exhibited clinical signs of Foot-and-mouth disease) and identified by RT-PCR and virus isolation. The results indicated that the semen of the infected bulls were contaminated by Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), but FMDV was not detected in semen samples from those bulls not showing clinical signs of Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). This is the first report of the presence of FMDV in bull semen due to natural infection in China. The analysis of the partial sequence of the VP1 gene showed that the virus strain isolated from semen has 97.9% identity with the virus isolated from vesicular liquid of infected bulls showing typical signs of FMD and belonged to the same gene sub-group.