RESUMO
In recent years there is a rapid rise in coming out of sexual and gender minority adults to their family members and society. Unfortunately, studies on unmet health needs of transgenders with a special focus to mental health is under-researched in India. The current paper aimed to explore about the mental health of transgenders and a literature search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases for the following medical subject headings (MeSH) key terms “transgender”, “mental Health”, “social stigma”, “LGBT”, “gender dysphoria”, “genderqueer”, “intersex”, “MSM”, “hijra”, “gay”, “lesbian”, “bisexual”, and “homosexual”. Transgender individuals were found to show high rates of mental health concerns. The most common mental health problems that we have shown in this review article are depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, generalized anxiety disorders, suicidal attempts and bipolar disorders. Transgender people are at more risk for mental health problems than their heterogenous counterparts. The intervention program to eliminate or reduce these problems needs to be planned carefully, considering all the determinants
RESUMO
Both resveratrol and pterostilbene are monomeric stilbenes having a 6−2−6 carbon skeleton with two phenyl ringslinked by a double-bonded ethylene bridge. Resveratrol has three hydroxyl (−OH) groups, while pterostilbene hastwo methoxy (–OCH3) groups and one −OH group. They commonly occur in the trans form rather than the cis form.Red grapes and red wines are the main dietary sources of the resveratrol. Pterostilbene occurs in blueberries andgrapes. Resveratrol and pterostilbene exhibit many similarities in pharmacological properties, including antioxidant,neuroprotective anti-cancer, cardioprotective, analgesic, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-aging, anti-diabetic, antiinflammatory, and anti-obesity activities. The stronger pharmacological properties in pterostilbene than resveratrolhave been attributed to its two –OCH3 groups. As a result, pterostilbene is more lipophilic which enhances itsmembrane permeability, bioavailability, and biological potency. Some future studies on resveratrol and pterostilbeneare suggested. The sources of information cited in this comparative overview were from Science Direct, GoogleScholar, and PubMed.
RESUMO
Extensive informed consent is a special form of informed consent.In foreign countries,the applica-tion and implementation of extensive informed consent has enhanced the circulation rate of biological samples in fu-ture research and promoted the development of the clinical research of biological samples.But it also has caused some ethical issues because of weakening informed such as:obtaining the information about the subject not in time,the research risks unknown and quiting research not in time.At present,Europe and the United States have conducted a lot of research in the implementation conditions,informed content and framework,providing a strong support for the practice of extensive informed consent.The practice of extensive informed consent has become the development direction of the biological samples research in our country.The author compared the social environ-ment and theoretical research at home and abroad and thought that our country must practice and implement it on the basis of social recognition,the improvement of ethical review mechanism and legislative protection.
RESUMO
It is known that lifting tasks are one of the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders in the automotive industry. Extensive research has been carried out over the years to develop guidelines and determine safe limits in which an individual can lift. For this reason, the objective of this study is to determine the significant risk factors of musculoskeletal discomfort among manual lifting task workers in the automotive industry, and propose a methodological framework for future research on manual lifting tasks. The subjects of this study comprise 211 manual material handling workers from the automotive industry. The subjects completed a set of questionnaires which are used to elicit information on their demographic characteristics, as well as physical factors and the prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort. The Chi-Square test was used to determine the relationship between the risk factors and musculoskeletal discomfort. The findings of the study show that the following postures (trunk bent slightly forwards, hands above the knee level (p < 0.05), trunk twisted (over 45o) and bent sideways (p < 0.05) are the significant risk factors of musculoskeletal discomfort among manual lifting task workers in the automotive industry. A methodological framework on manual lifting task in the automotive industry is proposed based on the findings of this study. The framework is developed based on the need to model human lifting capabilities so that task demands can be designed to fit the workers’ capacity when performing lifting tasks.
RESUMO
To discuss the significant application for the membrane science and technology in the development of pharmaceutical industry of Chinese materia medica(CMM) in such aspects as obtaination of integrated effctive substances,transformation of traditional technology,reduction of power consumption, product safety,sewage treatment,and technological innovation.To analyze the major restrictions on the industrialization of CMM's membrane science and propose the corresponding measures.Currently,the development of macromolecule science and technology and the implementation of environmental-friendly strategy have advanced the technology of membrane to a new stage and thus offer the insurance to the integration of extraction,separation,concentration,and purification in traditional pharmaceutical production of CMM.Meanwhile,the technolgy of membrane separation has been widely used in the separation,concentration, and purification of macromolecule,which bears similar characteristics with traditional CMM.It is also a proof that the technology of membrane will improve the efficency of traditional CMM production when it is used in the pharmaceutical industry of CMM.