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ObjectiveTo observe the effect of comprehensive intervention on the incidence of lactation galactostasis in communities from the perspective of preventive medicine， so as to prevent the occurrence of the mammary ducts obstruction disease. MethodsA total of 400 women in the early stage of pregnancy were selected from four communities. Those in two communities were set up as the intervention group. Comprehensive intervention for the prevention and treatment of mammary ducts obstruction disease during pregnancy and "Six-step recanalization manual therapy" practical guidance were conducted on the intervention group. The pregnant women from the other two communities were the control group， who received no intervention or guidance training. The two groups were followed up at 1 month， 3 months and 5 months postpartum， and the occurrence of mammary ducts obstruction disease was investigated and interventions were carried out. ResultsThe incidence of galactostasis in the intervention group was 26.0%， 10.6% and 5.1%， respectively at 1， 3 and 5 months after delivery， and the incidence of galactostasis in the control group was 38.0%， 22.2% and 8.3%， respectively. The incidence of galactostasis at 1 month and3 months after delivery was statistically different （P<0.05）， while the incidence of galactostasis 5 months after delivery was not statistically different （P>0.05）. The protection rates of comprehensive intervention on galactostasis were 31.58%， 52.25% and 38.55%， respectively. ConclusionPublicity and education work of prevention and control of the mammary ducts obstruction disease and "Six-step recanalization manual therapy" practical guidance can effectively reduce the occurrence of plugged mammary ducts， and therefore should be promoted.
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Objective To investigate the effect of mammary ductoscope in treatment of lactational masti-tis induced by galactostasis ( nonbacterial mastitis ) .Methods This study included 200 patients with galactosta-sis-induced lactational mastitis in Department of Breast Surgery , Puyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Henan Province, from Jul.2010 to Jun.2014.The affected lactiferous ducts were unblocked and flushed un-der mammary ductoscope.The treatment outcomes were analyzed .Results Of all patients, 85%(170/200)were cured after being treated once, 7.5%(15/200)were cured after being treated twice, 2.0%(4/200)were cured af-ter being treated three times, and 5.5%(11/200)were converted to other therapies;97.0%(194/200)continued lactation after treatment .Conclusions The mammary ductoscope is effective in identifying the blockade of lactifer-ous ducts and draining the lactiferous ducts with galactostasis .It provides an effective diagnostic and therapeutic means for patients with galactostasis-induced lactational mastitis and can increase the accuracy of etiological diagno -sis and the cure rate.In addition, the space-occupying lesions in lactiferous ducts can be identified and located in time with the mammary ductoscope , thus reducing the length of operation .
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Objective: To observe the ultrasound characteristics of galactostasis at various physiological stages, so as to improve the diagnosis of galactostasis. Methods: The ultrasound data of 56 patients with galactostasis were retrospectively analyzed and the ultrasound characteristics were summarized. The ultrasonic manifestations of different physiological stages were compared. Results: During the lactation period,there were extensive mammary duct ectasias and floating weak signals were found in the mammary duct during pure galactostasis; large non-responsive fluid areas exhibited formations of honeycomb-like multilocular fibrous septa; and these cavities ruptured with abscess when secondary infection occurred. During the later lactation period,the dilated galactophores became hypoechoic or anechoic,which,together with the dot-like echoes of residual breast milk or macular strong echoes, formed mixed signals of retention cysts. After menopause, the galactophores atrophy occurred; the accumulation of galactostasis desiccated into patches or powder, which caused thick hyperechoic dots or multiple hyperechoic streaks in the galactophores or parenchyma. Conclusion: Ultrasonic images of galactostasis vary with the physiological and pathological changes of the mammary glands, and are related to the duration of galactostasis, absorption, concentration and desiccation of lactation.
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Objective To study the value of ultrasonographic diagnosis of galactostasis in lactation.MethodsPatients in lactation and post-lactation were examined by color Doppler ultrasonography.Combined puncture,operation and pathology,the imaging features of different stage were summarized.Results The type of galactostasis included ductal ectasia,galactocele,infection and consolidation.The ultrasonographic examination with imaging features can determine the diagnosis and judge the type and the course of disease.Conclusions Ultrasonography is a first choice in diagnosing galactostasis in lactation.