RESUMO
INTRODUCTION:Waterborne diseases, especially diarrhea, related to water quality and safety, personal sanitation and hygienehave been still reported very high in developing countries. Globally, there are an estimated 1.4 million casesof hepatitis A every year. The hepatitis A virus is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food and wateror through direct contact with an infectious person. Hepatitis A is associated with a lack of safe water and poorsanitation [2].Dysentery is bloody diarrhea, i.e. any diarrheal episode in which the loose or watery stools contain visiblered blood. Dysentery is most often caused byShigella species (bacillary dysentery) or Entamoeba histolytica(amoebic dysentery) [3].Kharaa and Orkhon River are tributaries of the Selenge River-basin, in which many mining and other industries,agriculture, and residential areas reside. It has become a one pollutant factor for water of the Kharaa andOrkhon rivers. As a result, water of the Tuul, Kharaa and Orkhon River was reported to be highly contaminated(Mongolian Human Development Report 2010: Water and Development report) [4].GOAL:The aim of the research was to study incidence of gastrointestinal infectious diseases among population ofsoums are located in Selenge River Basin.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Data on health statistics 2009-2013 years of gastrointestinal infectious diseases, including dysentery, diarrhea,hepatitis A virus and others, were collected and analyzed.RESULTS:Incidence of dysentery was registered highly among people who live in Mandal soums in 2009-2013 years. Butincidence of dysentery (per 10 000 population 2.82) among population ofMandal soum lower than the Selengeprovince and National average. Incidence of hepatitis A virus was registered highly among people who livein Orkhon (74.46), Orkhontuul (48.86) soums and it was greater than 1.3-2 times than the Selenge provinceaverage. Incidence of diarrhea was registered highly among people who live in Khushaat soum and it wasgreater than 2.18-3.8 times the than Selenge province averageCONCLUSION:Incidences of diarrhea and hepatitis A virus were registered highly in Orkhon, Orkhotuul and Khushaat soumscompared to other target soums and it was greater than 1.3-3.8 times than the Selenge province average.Especially, these diseases were registered highly among 0-16 aged children.
RESUMO
In recent years, many researches that is related to waterborne diseases, especially diarrhea and water quality, safety, personal sanitation, hygiene have been conducting in developing country. Kharaa and Orkhon river are tributaries of the Selenge river basin and the many industries,agriculture, mining, provinces, soums are located in the near of Selenge river basin. Also Tuul,Kharaa and Orkhon river water is very polluted (Mongolian human Development Report 2010: Water and Development report).The aim of the research is to study correlation between to Kharaa and Orkhon river’s water pollution level and rate of gastrointestinal infectious diseases of people who live in the near of Selenge river basin.We analysed Kharaa and Orkhon river’s water quality and statistical data of gastrointestinal infectious diseases (such as dysentery, diarrhea, hepatitis A virus and others). Then we conducted correlation analysis between to river water pollution level and rate of intestinal infectious diseases. Kharaa and Orkhon river’s water was determined “less polluted” by physical, chemical andorganic indicators. But total number of bacteria was determined highly and Proteus vulgaris,Citrobacter freundi, Enterobacter agglomerans pathogens were detected in these river’s water. There were significant positive correlations between level of nitrit in river water and incidence of dysentery and diarrhea. (r=0.38, p=0.022; r=0.291, p=0.005).