RESUMO
Based on the social context of an aging society and surveys conducted since 2020, the need for comprehensive perspectives and approaches that consider patients'psychosocial background and a cross-organ perspective has been identified. As a result, a new quality and ability, namely comprehensive attitudes toward patients, has been established as part of the core curriculum for medical education in FY2022. Specific learning objectives include "holistic perspectives and approaches," "community perspectives and approaches," "life perspectives and approaches," and "social perspectives and approaches". An educational design that draws on multiple learning theories to enable reflection on one's own way of being has been proposed to integrate abstract and concrete, conceptual and experiential, and self and others perspectives. It is expected that this medical education will lead to improvement in the well-being of individuals, families, and communities.
RESUMO
The basic policies of the 2022 revision of the Model Core Curriculum for Medical Education are : (1) revision of the basic qualities and abilities required of physicians in society in 2040 and beyond, (2) further development of outcome-based education (reorganization of learning objectives and the addition of a chapter on strategy and assessment), (3) consistency with legal and institutional changes in physician training, (4) streamlining and digitization of the document, (5) improvements to future researcher training and development, (6) evidence-based Model Core Curriculum content, and (7) Partial standardization with the core curricula of dentistry and pharmacy. Major points of revision include the addition of "Generalism" and "Information Technology " to the list of qualities and abilities, reorganization of diseases are to be consistent with the national examination, description of infectious diseases are to based on actual clinical practice, and "basic departments/specialties for participatory clinical clerkship" following discussion with JACME.
RESUMO
Praying mantis and spider species are common food items in the diet of several anuran species. Nevertheless, in this study we report the predation of young treefrogs Osteocephalus taurinus by two spider species, a Pisauridae and a Trechaleidae (Neoctenus sp.) and by the praying mantis Eumusonia sp. in Mato Grosso, Central Brazil. The great abundance of this treefrog in the region, combined with its small body size during the juvenil stage, favor its predation by generalists predators. Indeed, more studies are needed to quantify the real influence of invertebrate predators on anuran populations.
Espécies de aranhas e louva-a-deus são itens alimentares de diversas espécies de anuros. Porém, aqui reportamos a predação de jovens anuros da espécie Osteocephalus taurinus, por duas espécies de aranha, uma Pisauridae e uma Trechaleidae (Neoctenus sp.), e por um louva-a-deus Eumusonia sp. em Mato Grosso, Brasil Central. A grande abundância desse anuro na região, aliada a seu pequeno porte durante a fase juvenil, favorece sua predação por invertebrados generalistas. Entretanto, mais estudos devem ser conduzidos para quantificar a real influência de predadores invertebrados nas populações de anuros.
RESUMO
Most doctors in community hospitals are clinicians and differ in many ways from physician-scientists in university hospitals. However, conversion from clinician to clinician-educator requires various innovations and endeavors such as the establishment of clinical clerkship, dissemination of EBM, progressive disputation, sufficient accountability, cooperation with co-medical. Undergraduate medical education in community hospitals should be focused on primary care, general internal medicine and emergency medicine. Achievement in our hospital is discussed.
RESUMO
Both specialties of general internal medicine and general medicine have been launched at university hospitals and accredited teaching hospitals in 1970's in Japan. Although both were intended to embody holistic medicine in the era of progressive fragmentation of medicine, the former was the attempt from the very center of excessive fragmentation of internal medicine and the latter, request from the general public seeking for more general approach. The future development of both primary care oriented specialties depend on the realization of quality general practice attracting young physicians of next generation into these fields.<BR>Current curriculums employed in both specialty education are driving the shift of the site of clinical education, i. e., from ward to ambulatory clinic.