Parasitic relationship of Cistanche deserticola and host-plant Haloxylon ammodendron based on genetic variation of host / 中草药·英文版

Objective: Cistanche deserticola is a famous and endangered medicinal plant that is parasitic upon Haloxylon ammodendron with rather low parasitic rates. It is important to find high affinity germplasms for increasing the survival of C. deserticola. However, little is known in genetic variation and high affinity populations of H. ammodendron in China. Methods: In this study, 98 accessions of H. ammodendron seeds were collected from five regions covering almost the entire natural distribution of H. ammodendron in China. Their genetic variations were analyzed using AFLP and ITS by the maximum parsimony method, and a dendrogram was constructed using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA). The parasitic rates of C. deserticola on different accessions of H. ammodendron were calculated in the field experiment. Results: Both AFLP and ITS methods consistently revealed that there was a high level of genetic diversity in the natural populations of H. ammodendron. Hierarchical population structure analysis uncovered a clear pattern that all populations were grouped into three main clusters, and eight populations from eastern region were genetically clustered together. These regions were significantly differentiated (P < 0.05), 13.10% of variation occurred among populations, and 86.90% within populations was revealed by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). The populations of Inner Mongolia had the highest parasitic rates followed by Ganjiahu Reserve and Yongning Plantation for the top three, which were not completely related to the genetic variation. Conclusion: Genetic characteristics of H. ammodendron in China were clarified and the order of affinity of different populations was given, which were primers for discovering high affinity germplasms.

Detection of Ancestry Information of Urumqi Mongolians Based on the AIM-InDels Loci Multiplex System / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the genetic background and structure of Urumqi Mongolians, the previously developed 39-AIM-InDels panel for ancestry inference was utilized in the present study. Methods The blood samples of 145 unrelated healthy Urumqi Mongolian individuals were collected and genotyped. The compositions of ancestry information of Urumqi Mongolians were studied with 17 different populations from three continents （East Asia, Europe and Africa） as reference populations. Then, multiple population genetics and bioinformatics analysis methods were applied, the Fst and DA values between matched populations were compared and analyzed, PCA analysis was performed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. The proportions of ancestry information components of Urumqi Mongolians were analyzed with Structure software, etc. Results The ancestry information components of Urumqi Mongolian group in different intercontinental populations accounted for 89%, 7%, and 3% of East Asian, European, and African populations, respectively. Compared with other intercontinental populations, Urumqi Mongolian group and East Asian populations have lower Fst and DA values, and they were in the same cluster in PCA analysis as well. In a phylogenetic tree, the Urumqi Mongolian group was in the same branch as East Asian populations. Conclusion Urumqi Mongolian group had relatively close genetic relationships with East Asian populations, and the proportion of its East Asian ancestry was about 89%.

Genetic Structure Analysis of Y-Chromosome STR and SNP in Population of Wujiang Area, Suzhou City / 法医学杂志

Objective To analyze the genetic phenotypes of Y-chromosome STR and SNP in Han male population of Wujiang area, Suzhou City and explore the genetic structure of population of Wujiang area for further examination of regional-specific Y-SNP genetic markers ancestor haplogroups. Methods Blood samples of 472 Wujiang area Han males were randomly collected and genotyped by YfilerTM Plus PCR Amplification Kit. The allele frequencies and haplotype frequencies of each locus were obtained using the direct calculation method. Y-SNP haplogroups of each sample were estimated using Y-Predictor software and verified through experiments by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction （ARMS-PCR）. Results A total of 453 haplotypes were found in the 27 Y-STR genetic markers in 472 Han males of Wujiang area. The haplotype diversity （HD） was 0.997 696 93, among which, the highest gene diversity （GD） value was DYF387S1a/b （GD=0.953 1） and the lowest was DYS438 （GD=0.321 8）. Based on genotyping data of 27 Y-STRs and 472 samples, 132 haplogroups from C, D, N, O and Q, etc downstream Y-SNP haplogroups were estimated and then verified through experiments. Conclusion This study is based on Y-chromosome STR haplotypes, and predicts Y-SNP haplogroups by Y-Predictor software, then uses ARMS-PCR to verify. Y-SNP genetic markers were introduced to achieve precise analysis of the genetic structure of male families in population of three towns in Wujiang area.

Genetic structure analysis of cultivated Scrophularia ningpoensis in Zhejiang Province / 中草药

Objective To observe the genetic structure of cultivated Scrophularia ningpoensis in Zhejiang Province.Methods The genetic structures of six typical S.ningpoensis populations were analyzed by fluorescence AFLP marker.Results Bands(12 552) were generated by seven pairs of AFLP primer combinations,of which 8 808 were polymorphic,and the polymorphic rate was 70.17%.The variety ranges of PPB among different populations were 41.67%—55.56%,and 47.30% in average.I was between 0.190 8—0.238 3,and 0.221 8 in average.Ne was between 1.201 4—1.280 6,and 1.236 9 in average.Gst was 0.127 1,Nm was 3.432 4.UPGMA Cluster analysis showed that the six populations can be divided into two clusters,as that of Tiantai,Jinyun,and Jingning were one sub-cluster,and Dongyang,Pan′an,and Xianju were another one sub-cluster.Conclusion There is a relative high genetic diversity level in cultured S.ningpoensis of Zhejiang Province.Genetic differentiation exists among populations,but it exists in population mostly.There is a relative high genetic intercommunion among populations.The genetic distance is not related to the geographic environment.